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Correlation Course > FINALS Day 2 - Petrology > Flashcards

FINALS Day 2 - Petrology Flashcards

1
Q

Acanthite is an ore mineral of __________.

A. Antimony
B. Silver
C. Titanium
D. Nickel

A

B. Silver

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2
Q

Chemical formula of Acanthite.

A

Ag2S

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3
Q

The following minerals are copper-bearing, EXCEPT ________.

A. Malachite
B. Digenite
C. Olivenite
D. Lepidocrocite

A

D. Lepidocrocite

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4
Q

Chemical formula of Lepidocrocite

A

FeO(OH)

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5
Q

Which of the following ore minerals is a carbonate?

A. Lepidocrocite
B. Scorodite
C. Clinoclase
D. Smithsonite

A

D. Smithsonite

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6
Q

Chemical formula of Smithsonite

A

ZnCO3

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7
Q

The following metals are found in the chemical formula of stannite, EXCEPT:

A. Sb
B. Sn
C. Cu
D. Fe

A

A. Sb

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8
Q

Chemical formula of Stannite

A

Cu2FeSnS4

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9
Q

Which mineral-element pair is correct?

A. Annabergite – As
B. Clinoclase – Sb
C. Chrysocolla – Cu
D. Stibnite - Sb

A

C. Chrysocolla – Cu

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10
Q

Chemical formula of Chrysocolla

A

(Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O

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11
Q

Chemical formula of Azurite

A

Cu3(OH)2(CO3)2

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12
Q

Chemical formula of Siderite

A

FeCO3

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13
Q

Chemical formula of Ilmenite

A

FeTiO3

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14
Q

Chemical formula of Digenite

A

Cu9S5

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15
Q

Chemical formula of Stibnite

A

Sb2S3

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16
Q

A microcrystalline texture formed by the devitrification of the ground-mass of acid extrusive rocks.

A. Hyalopilitic
B. Felsitic
C. Intersertal
D. Spinifex

A

B. Felsitic

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17
Q

In an ophitic texture, plagioclase is enclosed by _________.

A. Quartz
B. Biotite
C. Hornblende
D. Pyroxene

A

D. Pyroxene

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18
Q

___________ describes the layered or banded texture in explosive volcanic rocks. It is often caused by the compaction and flattening of glass shards and pumice fragments.

A

Eutaxitic Texture

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19
Q

Eutaxitic texture is commonly found in ___________.

A. Ignimbrites
B. Komatiites
C. Amygdaloidal rocks
D. Dolerite

A

A. Ignimbrites

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20
Q

Spinifex texture is commonly found in _________.

A. Dolerite
B. Gabbros
C. Granite
D. Komatiite

A

D. Komatiite

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21
Q

These are gas bubbles or vesicles that are infilled with a different secondary mineral.

A

Amygdules

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22
Q

This texture often results from resorption of quartz by the melt due to ascending and decompression or due to magma mixing.

A

Embayed Texture

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23
Q

In eutaxitic texture, pumice fragments are compacted into dark, glassy pancake shapes called _________.

A

Fiamme

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24
Q

Volcanic glass is unstable and tends to change spontaneously or devitrify from the glassy to the crystalline state. This is why ancient glasses are very rare, and most glassy rocks are of _______ age, or less than _________ years old.

A

Paleogene; 65 myo

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25
Q

It is a porphyritic texture in which phenocrysts are clustered into aggregates called crystal clots.

A

Glomerophyric (Glomeroporphyritic)

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26
Q

Glomerophyric textures form by a process known as _________, which is the accumulation of crystals by surface tension and fixing by interpenetration due to crystal growth.

A

Synneusis

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27
Q

This is a texture of volcanic rocks in which the groundmass consists of small microlites of feldspar that are sub-parallel to each other and are embedded in glass.

A

Hyalopilitic

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28
Q

The ratio of crystals to glass in this texture is greater than 3:5.

A

Hypocrystalline

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29
Q

____________ rocks were generally cooled rapidly, which inhibits growth rate and nucleation of crystals.

A

Holohyaline

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30
Q

This is the texture of an igneous rock that has crystalline components in a glassy groundmass, with a ratio of crystals to glass between 3:5 and 1:7.

A

Hypohyaline

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31
Q

This texture occurs when a crystal occupies the angular space between at least two larger crystals.

A

Intergranular

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32
Q

This texture occurs when the angular spaces between larger crystals is occupied by glass, or glass and small crystals.

A

Intersertal

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33
Q

This is a common structure of hydrated mineral in volcanic rocks such as biotite or amphiboles. It is also often described as a devolatilization process.

A

Opacitic Rim or Reaction Rim

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34
Q

A texture is ophitic when plagioclase laths are enclosed by _________ or ___________.

A

Pyroxene or Olivine

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35
Q

A texture is subophitic if plagioclase is larger and encloses which minerals?

A

Ferromagnesian minerals

36
Q

This is a texture characterized by crystals containing small grains of other minerals.

A

Poikilitic

37
Q

What are the two crystals in a poikilitic texture?

A
  • Chadacrysts - smaller enclosed crystals
  • Oikocrysts – larger crystals
38
Q

Poikilitic texture is often found in which rocks?

A

Dolerites and Gabbros

39
Q

In pilotassitic texture, what is the mode of arrangement of the microclites in the groundmass?

A

Sub-parallel

40
Q

A porphyritic texture in which there is a continuous variation in crystal size is called ___________.

A

Seriate

41
Q

This texture sometimes occurs in plagioclase wherein individual plagioclase grains show an abundance of glassy inclusions.

A

Sieve (Moth-eaten Texture)

42
Q

This texture occurs through supercooling, where low nucleation rates and rapid crystal growth rates take place, and produces a few large skeletal or dendritic crystals.

A

Spinifex

43
Q

This is a texture of extrusive rocks in which the groundmass contains little volcanic glass and consists predominantly of minute tabular crystals.

A

Trachytic

44
Q

What do you call the minute tabular crystals in trachytic textures?

A

Sanidine Microlites

45
Q

Macroscopic trachytic textures visible with the naked eye are sometimes called ________________.

A

Trachytoid Textures

46
Q

It is a variety of inequigranular porphyritic texture in which larger crystals known as phenocrysts are embedded in a glassy groundmass.

A

Vitrophyric

47
Q

A sandstone with less than 15% matrix content is known as:
A. Siltstone
B. Mudstone
C. Greywacke
D. Arenite

A

D. Arenite

48
Q

The mineral coesite is expected to be stable in which of the following metamorphic
facies?
A. Greenschist
B. Blueschist
C. Eclogite
D. Granulite

A

C. Eclogite

49
Q

A dolerite dyke metamorphosed under amphibolite facies condition is expected to have
the mineral assemblage:
A. Chlorite + Actinolite + Albite
B. Lawsonite + Glaucophane + Epidote
C. Orthopyroxene + Clinopyroxene + Plagioclase
D. Hornblende + Plagioclase

A

D. Hornblende + Plagioclase

50
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Bouma sequence indicates turbidite deposit.

A

TRUE

51
Q

Which of the following sedimentary structure could be used for determination top and
bottom?
A. Planer cross bedding
B. Asymmetrical ripple marks
C. Symmetrical ripple marks
D. None of the above

A

C. Symmetrical ripple marks

52
Q

Which of the following sedimentary environments oscillation ripples are formed?
A. Alluvial
B. Beach
C. Deep sea
D. Desert

A

B. Beach

53
Q

Which of the following is in decreasing order of particle size?
A. Sandstone, siltstone, conglomerate
B. Sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone
C. Conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone
D. Siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate

A

C. Conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone

54
Q

Graded bedding is the result of deposition by:
A. River
B. Blowing wind
C. Moving ice
D. Turbidity currents

A

D. Turbidity currents

55
Q

Choose the correct sequence of the deformation nd metamorphism:
A. Shale, slate, schist, phyllite, gneiss
B. Shale, slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
C. Slate, shale, phyllite, schist, gneiss
D. Slate, shale, schist, phyllite, gneiss

A

B. Shale, slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss

56
Q

Andesites on an average are intermediate in composition between:
A. Syenites and Gabbros
B. Basalt and Gabbros
C. Rhyolites and Trachytes
D. Anorthosite and Tjolites

A

B. Basalt and Gabbros

57
Q

Melting of mafic crust may lead to the formation of TTGs. What does TTG mean?

A

tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite gneisses

58
Q

Which of the following pair of rock and eruptive setting is correctly matched?
A. Schoshonite – Active continental margin
B. Carbonatite – Ocean island
C. Boninite – Greenstone belt
D. Trachyte – Ocean-continent collision

A

A. Schoshonite – Active continental margin

59
Q

Which of the following Transition Element is incompatible in basalt?
A Chromium
B. Vanadium
C. Manganese
D. Titanium

A

D. Titanium

60
Q

Dacite is a volcanic equivalent of:
A. Syenite
B. Lherzolite
C. Gabbro
D. Granodiorite

A

D. Granodiorite

61
Q

What is the plutonic counterpart of trachyte?

A

Syenite

62
Q

What is the volcanic counterpart of monzonite?

A

Latite

63
Q

What is the plutonic counterpart of phonolite?

A

Foid Syenite

64
Q

Volcanic counterpart of granite

A

Rhyolite

65
Q

Volcanic counterpart of tonalite

A

Dacite

66
Q

Plutonic counterpart of andesite

A

Monzodiorite and Monzogabbro

67
Q

Rocks derived from the primary basaltic magma is characterized by:
A. Occurrence of olivine and clinopyroxene
B. Absence of olivine and feldspathoid
C. Presence of clinopyroxene and quartz
D. Presence of feldspar and quartz

A

A. Occurrence of olivine and clinopyroxene

68
Q

Kimberlite helps what important mineral reach the surface of the Earth?

A

Diamond

69
Q

Maximum temperature that diagenesis takes place.

A

200°C

70
Q

These are subaqueous shrinkage cracks.

A

Syneresis Cracks

71
Q

Occurrence of ferroan calcite cement in a carbonate rock is indicator of:
A. Sea floor diagenesis
B. Vadose diagenesis
C. Phreatic diagenesis
D. Deep-burial diagenesis

A

C. Phreatic diagenesis

72
Q

A cross-stratified sandstone bed is a:
A. Isochronous unit
B. Time-diachronous unit
C. Suspension deposit
D. None of the above

A

B. Time-diachronous unit

73
Q

Syn-sedimentary deformation structures are a
result of:
A. Low sedimentation
B. High sedimentation
C. Marine transgression
D. Marine regression

A

B. High sedimentation

74
Q

Most robust radiomatric dating method that is used to date a Precambrian granite is ______.
A. C14
B. U-Pb
C. Rb-Sr
D. K-Ar

A

B. U-Pb

75
Q

Two conditions believed to be required for the formation of igneous rocks.

A

Molten state and very high temperature

76
Q

Where are the volcanic rocks formed?
A. Under the surface of earth
B. On the surface of earth
C. Inside the core
D. Between mantle

A

B. On the surface of earth

77
Q

What is the grain size of volcanic rocks?
A. Very coarse
B. Coarse
C. Intermediate
D. Very fine

A

D. Very fine

78
Q

The plutonic rocks are formed at depths below the earth’s surface ranging
A. 10 to 100 km
B. 100 to 200 km
C. 7 to 10 km
D. 1 to 5 km

A

C. 7 to 10 km

79
Q

The rocks which exhibit mixed characteristics of volcanic and plutonic rocks are
__________.
A. Intermediate rocks
B. Mixed rocks
C. Hypabyssal rocks
D. Secondary rocks

A

A. Intermediate rocks

80
Q

Porphyries are examples of which type of rocks?
A. Volcanic
B. Plutonic
C. Hypabyssal
D. Sedimentary rocks

A

C. Hypabyssal

81
Q

The mineral most abundantly present in the igneous rocks is __________
A. Micas
B. Titanium
C. Iron
D. Feldspars

A

D. Feldspars

82
Q

What is the approximate percentage of silica present in the igneous rocks?
A. 10%
B. 26%
C. 59%
D.15%

A

C. 59%

83
Q

In a Binary System, two crystallization curves joining a point where simultaneous
crystallization of two minerals components makes place is called as:
A. Peritectic Point
B. Eutectic Point
C. Cotectic Point
D. None

A

B. Eutectic Point

84
Q

U-Pb zircon datting is very useful to date:
A. Basaltic rocks
B. Granitic rocks
C. Ultramafic rocks
D. All the above

A

B. Granitic rocks

85
Q

Positive Eu anomaly in a rock indicators:
A. Fractionation of plagioclase
B. Accumulation of plagioclase
C. Fractionation of oilvine
D. Accumulation of olivine + pyroxene

A

B. Accumulation of plagioclase

86
Q
  1. Spinifex texture indicates:
    A. Very low cooling of Magma in Plutonic Condition
    B. Rapid cooling of magma in Lava flows
    C. Intermediate Cooling in Dyke
    D. None of these
A

B. Rapid cooling of magma in Lava flows

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