FINALS BERYLLIUM (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)-RADIUM Flashcards
What group that:
-These metals lose their two valence e- to form 2+ ions
-Strong reducing agents
-Oxides are all basic
Group IIA
T/F: The hydroxides increase in strength as bases going down the group because hydroxides become more soluble as you down the group
true
T/F: The salts of these metals are not as soluble as are those of the alkali metals
true
T/F: Mg hydroxide is slightly soluble
true
Beryllium is previously called ____
Glucinum
It is the least metallic and acts as an amphoteric element
Beryllium
Most toxic metal
and replaces Ca and Mg
Beryllium
Second most abundant intracellular cation
Magnesium
Element that found in chlorophyll
Magnesium
Natural sources of magnesium
1. Silicate- _____
2. Carbonate-____
3. Chloride-____
4.Sulfate-_____
Silicate — Talc, Asbestos, Meerschaum
Carbonate — Magnesite, Dolomite
Chloride — Carnallite
Sulfate — Kieserite
2 types of magnesium carbonate
Light MgCO3
Heavy MgCO3
Pharmacologic action of magnesium
Saline laxative
Natural Calcium-Channel Blocker
(Antidote: Ca gluconate)
P.A of Magaldrate
Non-systemic antacid
(Riopan®)
Synyom/s of Magnesium Carbonate
Carbonate of Magnesia; Magnesia
Uses of Magnesium carbonate
-Antacid
-Laxative
-Clarifying agent/ -filtering agent
-Abrasive (for dental denture)
2 Magnesium composition that both serve as Electrolyte replenisher
Magnesium Chloride and Magnesium Gluconate
Synonym/s of Magnesium citrate
Citrate of Magnesia, Purgative Lemonade, Limonada Purgante
use of magnesium citrate
Saline cathartic
Magnesium Citrate is made by reacting ____ with _____
-magnesium carbonate
-citric acid
What is added as flavoring agent to make citric acid remain palatable in magnesium citrate?
Sodium or potassium bicarbonate
P.A of Magnesium Hydroxide
Antacid
* + Aluminum hydroxide gel = (Maalox®)
To minimize the interaction of glass containers and Mg (OH)2, small amounts of citric acid maybe added
MILK OF MAGNESIA USP
Synonym/s of Magnesium oxide
Light magnesia/Heavy magnesia, Calcined magnesia
It is used as antacid, laxative and a component of UNIVERSAL ANTIDOTE.
Magnesium oxide
2 types of Magnesium oxide
Light MgO
Heavy MgO
Also a non systematic antacid
Magnesium Phosphate
Synonym of Magnesium Phosphate
Tribasic Magnesium Phosphate
Magnesium Salicylate serves as
NSAID- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Type of Mg composition where it is used as a lubricant in the manufacture of tablets.
Magnesium Stearate
Magnesium Sulfate synonym
Bitter salt
P.A of Magnesium Sulfate
-IM: Anticonvulsant for eclampsia
-PO: laxative
Synonym of Magnesium trisilicate
Hydrated Magnesium trisilicate
Magnesium trisilicate is a compound of _____ and _____ containing varying proportions of water
-magnesium oxide
-silicone dioxide
T/F: magnesium trisilicate with gastric acid, has adsorptive powers and could protect the ulcer from further acid and peptic attack and possible adsorbs the pepsin
true
Magnesium Trisilicate Brand name ?
Used as an antacid
+ Aluminum hydroxide gel = (Gelusil®)
Synonym/s of Talc
French Chalk; Soapstone; Talcum; Steatite
Softest mineral known
Talc
Uses of talc
-Protective
-Cosmetics
-Tablet manufacture (Dessicant, lubricant, glidant)
-Filtering aid
Second most abundant extracellular cation
Calcium
99% of all body calcium is found in bone as _______
Hydroxyapatetite
Ores of Calcium
Ores:
Chalk
Limestone
Gypsum/Selenite
Calcite
Give atleast 1 brand name of Calcium Carbonate
Tums®, Calci-Aid ®, Mylanta ®
What are the 2 important forms of Calcium Carbonate
Two important forms:
1.Precipitated calcium carbonate (Precipitated chalk)
2.Prepared calcium carbonate (Prepared chalk, Creta Preparata, Drop chalk)
Calcium carbonate is used for prevention of ______
Osteoporosis
It is a milki-alki syndrome
Burnett Syndrome
Synonym of Calcium Chloride
Muriate of Lime
Calcium chloride uses
Electrolyte replenisher (hypocalcemia)
and also for hyperkalemia
Generic name of Versene®
Calcium Disodium edetate
Antidote for lead poisoning and use as chelating agent
calcium disodium edetate
-Most commonly used calcium salt as electrolyte replenisher
-Administered through IV
-Use only for sever hypocalcemia
Calcium Gluconate
It is less irritating than Calcium gluconate and preferred for IM administration. Also used as an electrolyte replenisher (for hypocalcemia)
Calcium Gluceptate
Synonym/s of Calcium Hydroxide
Slaked Lime, hydrated lime
Other name for Calcium Hydroxide Solution USP
Lime Water or Liquor calis
Use to prevent pamumuo ng gatas for baby or curbling
CaOH
Synonym/s Calcium of Hypochlorite
Bleaching powder, Chlorinated lime, chloride of lime
It is used as disinfectant
and bleaching agent (stain removal)
Calcium Hypochlorite
Generic name of Calactate®, Caltrate ®
Calcium Lactate
Calcium composition that used as Oral supplement and prevention of osteoporosis
Calcium Lactate
It is calcium composition where it used as electrolyte replenisher (for hypocalcemia)
and also less irritating than Calcium gluconate
Calcium Levulinate
Calcium composition that is a component of Bordeux mixture
Calcium oxide
Synonym/s of Calcium Oxide
Lime, Quicklime, Burnt Lime, Calx, Calx Usta, Apog
Calcium composition that serve as ingredient in Sulfurated Lime solution (Vleminckx’s Solution)
CaO
Recommended calcium salt as electrolyte replenisher and source of calcium and phosphorus in pregnancy, lactation and in calcium deficiency states
Dibasic calcium phosphate
Synonym/s of Tribasic calcium phosphate
Precipitated Calcium phosphate, Tertiary Calcium Phosphate
Tribasic calcium phosphate used:
Antacid
- advantage over carbonates: no flatulence; does not alkalinize the system
- Less effective source of Ca (vs dibasic salt)
Synonym/s of calcium sulfate
Gypsum, terra alba
Calcium sulfate used as
Tablet diluent (liquid puts in powder) —> granulation
Synonym/s Calcium Sulfate hemihydrate (give atleast 2/3)
Plaster of Paris, Calcii Sulfas Exsiccatus, Exsiccated Calcium sulfate, Dried Calcium sulfate
Calcium composition that is used for making supportive CAST and dental impressions
Calcium Sulfate hemihydrate
Composition of strontium that is used as a sedative
Strontium Bromide
Strontium composition where it is tooth-desensitizing agent in some Sensodyne® formulations
Strontium Chloride
Generic name of Metastron® (strontium)
Strontium Chloride Sr 89 Injection
Decays by ß emission and it is indicated for the alleviation of bone pain arising from metastatic bone disease.
Strontium Chloride Sr 89 Injection
Strontium composition that is used as a treatment of osteoporosis
Strontium lactate
Brand name for strontium lactate
Strontolac®
Element that is extremely toxic due to its muscle stimulating action
—> cardiac arrest
Barium
What is the antidote for Barium toxicity
Sodium or Magnesium Sulfate followed by gastric lavage
(lavage: washing out)
Component of Barium Hydroxide Lime
and CO2 absorber
Barium Hydroxide
saturated solution of barium hydroxide in water
Baryta Water
Synonym/s of barium sulfate
Barium Meal; Sulfato de Bario; Esophotrast®
Composition of barium where it used in medicine as an opaque contra s t medium in the roentgenographic examination of the intestinal tract and the stomach so that they may be photographed
Barium Sulfate
Element that only occurs as radioactive species
Radium
Composition of Barium that has industrial uses: Paint manufacture (blanc fixe, permanent white) Lithopone (ZnS + BaSO4)
Barium Sulfate
Element that discovered by Marie Curie
Radium
