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INORG CHEM > 1. MIDS (HYDROGEN-LITHIUM) > Flashcards

1. MIDS (HYDROGEN-LITHIUM) Flashcards

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1
Q

Properties of Group 1A

A
  • 1 valence e-
  • Reducing agents
  • Very active metals
  • All are rapidly oxidized in air
  • Do not occur free in nature
  • Oxides and hydroxides are strongly basic
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2
Q

The greater the ____ of the cation the greater will be the tendency for ____

A

Radius; Alkalinity

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3
Q

Hydrogen aka

A

Inflammable air

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4
Q

What process for Hydrogen Production

A

Messerchmidt Process

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5
Q

How many percent of the purity of the Messerschmidt Process?

A

99%

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6
Q

What is isotopes?

A

Same element, same atomic # and different mass

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7
Q

3 TYPES OF ISOTOPES with meaning

A

-Protium- most abundant
-Deuterium- heavy hydrogen
-Tritium- most radioactive

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8
Q

Adding Hydrogen in compounds

A

Hydrogenation of Oils

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9
Q

What process did you call in production of ammonia?

A

Haber Process

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10
Q

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE aka

A

Agua Oxigenada and Oxygenated acid/water

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11
Q

Hydrogen Peroxide added what kind preservative?

A

Acetanilide

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12
Q

Uses of Hydrogen Peroxide?

A

3%= 10 volume of solution
> Mild Oxidizing antiseptic= for wounds
>Mouthwash= treats Vincent’s stomatitis (for severe gingivitis (inflammation of gum))
>Vaginal Douche- antiseptic

6%= 20 volume of solution
> use for hair bleach

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13
Q

Difference of Bacterio- STATIC and CIDAL.

A

Static= inhibit growth of microorganism
Cidal= kill microorganism

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14
Q

Definition and function of WATER(H2O) ?

A

-Universal solvent
-small molecular size
-strong permanent dipole
-Hydrogen bands
-high dielectric bonds

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15
Q

What is the 2 types of hardness of water?

A
  1. Temporary
  2. Permanent
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16
Q

Temporary Hardness of water soluble in what elements? Remove by?

A
  • soluble in calcium or magnesium bicarbonates and remove by boiling.
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17
Q

Permanent Hardness of water soluble in what elements? Remove by?

A

Soluble in chlorides or hydroxides of calcium or magnesium; remove by ion exchange resins

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18
Q

Mineral waters (CCALSSS) with examples

A
  1. Carbonated waters (ex: pocari, soda water, blue, sparkling water)
  2. Chalybeate water (found in spring)
  3. Alkaline waters (ex: Sodium and magnesium bicarbonate)
  4. Lithium waters (from lithium salts)
  5. Sulfur water (ex: Hydrogen Sulfide- smell like rotten egg.)
  6. Siliceous Water (compose silicon)
  7. Saline water- aka PURGATIVE WATER
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19
Q

It is official as a solvent and is used to make official solutions,
tinctures and extracts

A

Water USP

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20
Q

Water obtained by distillation or by ion exchange treatment.

A

Purified Water USP

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21
Q

Water that is not intended for parenteral administration

A

Purified Water USP

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22
Q

It is the water of choice for extemporaneous compounding

A

Purified Water USP

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23
Q

It is water purified by distillation

A

Water for Injection USP

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24
Q

Water that is intended for use as a solvent for the preparation of parenteral solutions. (ex: vials)

A

Water for Injection USP

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25
Q

Meaning of USP

A

United States Pharmacopeia

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26
Q

Sterile water for injection USP is stored in_____ containers of not larger than_____ size

A

-Single dose
-1000 mL size

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27
Q

Water used for extemporaneous compounding of parenterals for either intravenous or intramuscular

A

Sterile water for injection USP

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28
Q

Water that contains one or more suitable antimicrobial agents

A

Bacteriostatic water for injection USP

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29
Q

Bacteriostatic water for injection USP is stored in _______ or _______ containers of not larger than _____ size.

A

-Single dose or multiple dose
- 30 ml size

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30
Q

Boric acid synonyms;

A

-Sal Sedativum Hombergi
-Boracic acid
-Orthoboric acid

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31
Q

It is a weak acid and weak bacteriostatic agent.

A

Boric acid

32
Q

How many percent of weak bacteriostatic agent that is use for eyewash?

A

2.5% - 4.5%

33
Q

Example of Opthalmic Solutions?

A

AASU- Aluminum Acetate Solution USP
ASSU- Aluminum Subacetate Solution USP

34
Q

3 Different types of Borate Buffer System? With their ph each

A

1.Fieldman’s Buffer System= 7-8.2 ph
2. Atkin’s & Pantin Buffer System= 7.6-11 ph
3. Gifford Buffer System= 6 -7.8 ph

35
Q

What is the toxicity symptoms of Boric acid?

A
  • Boiled lobster appearance
  • Reddish orange coloration skin
36
Q

HYDROCHLORIC ACID synonym

A

Spirit of sea salt

37
Q

What is Muriatic Acid?

A

technical grade of hydrochloric acid containing a number of impurities including chlorine, arsenous and sulfurous acid and iron

38
Q

It is use as acidifying agent.

A

Hydrochloric acid

39
Q

Muriatic acid is made up of ________ with percentage ______

A

Diluted HCL with 35% to 38%

40
Q

What acid that is used to manufacturing concentrated HCL

A

Pan Acid

41
Q

Acid to use to manufacturing muriatic acid.

A

Roaster Acid

42
Q

Used as a treatment for gastric achlorhydria and hypochlorhydria

A

Diluted Hydrochloric Acid

43
Q

How many percent of w/v solution of diluted hydrochloric acid

A

10% w/v solution

44
Q

HCL compose of 1-10cc, highly diluted with water and use as supplied to a glass tube of straw

A

Diluted Hydrochloric Acid

45
Q

Nitric acid synonym

A

Aqua fortis and Eua forte

46
Q

How many percent of Nitric Acid

A

69% - 71%

47
Q

What element that has a strong monoprotic acid, an oxidizing and a nitrating agent and produces a yellow stain in animal tissue

A

Nitric Acid

48
Q

What element that is used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid, coal tar dyes and explosives

A

Nitric Acid

49
Q

What element that is used as a nitrating agent in Pyroxylin USP XVIII

A

Nitric Acid

50
Q

What element that is a source of nitrate ion in the preparation of milk of bismuth

A

Nitric Acid

51
Q

What element that has been externally used to destroy chancres and warts

A

Nitric Acid

52
Q

Phosphoric acid synonym

A

Orthophosphoric acid

53
Q

It is an acid that is non-volatile and has no oxidizing properties and has a strong triprotic acid

A

Phosphoric Acid

54
Q

What acid that is as a acidifying agent

A

Phosphoric acid

55
Q

HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID synonym

A

Phosphinic acid

56
Q

Contains one ionizable hydrogen

A

HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID

57
Q

Practically never used for its acidic properties and it is a reducing agent

A

HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID

58
Q

Sulfuric Acid synonym

A

Oil of Vitriol

59
Q

How many percent of Sulfuric Acid

A

94%-98% (concentrated)

60
Q

It has a strong diprotic acid
and dehydrating agent (Pyroxylin USP)

A

Sulfuric Acid

61
Q

Consider as an oxidizing agent
and sulfonating agent

A

Sulfuric Acid

62
Q

A commercial variety of sulfuric acid; contains about 10% of dissolved sulfur trioxide gas (SO3)

A

Oleum

63
Q

Pyroxylin USP

A
  • semisolid dosage form (ex: cream, lotion, ointment)
  • ointment
  • make a lot of H2O that leads microbial contamination
64
Q

What element is the lightest elements

A

Hydrogen

65
Q

What element is the lightest metal

A

Lithium

66
Q

Has sedative effect (for mania)
and has anticonvulsant action (for epilepsy)

A

Lithium

67
Q

It is an element that has Diuretic Action

A

Lithium

68
Q

Diuretics are for ______

A

Edema ( inflammation with water) and HTN

69
Q

Water Excretion

A

Diuretics

70
Q

Can induce Diabetes Insipidus (interferes with vasopressin)

A

Lithium

71
Q

Toxic effects with are aggravated by a reduction in sodium intake

A

Lithium

72
Q

Contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function, and pregnant patients (passes the placental barrier)

A

Lithium

73
Q

It is a Lithium Composition where is for the prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorders and mania

A

Lithium Carbonate

74
Q

What is ER Tablets

A

Extended Release Tablets (with this, pt. will take only once a day)

75
Q

Prophylaxis means?

A

Prevent the episodes symptoms of a bipolar patients.

INORG CHEM (7 decks)

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