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HISTOLOGY > FINALS 40% > Flashcards

FINALS 40% Flashcards

1
Q

LE of Oral cavity

A

Stratified squamous non-cornified (SSNCE)

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2
Q
  • The only communication between the 2
    subdivisions which are oral vestibule and the
    oral cavity proper.
A

Retromolar space

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3
Q

LE of the skin (outer part of lips)

A

stratified squamous cornified epithelium

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4
Q

_____ have no hair follicles, sweat glands, and
sebaceous glands

A

lips

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5
Q

The Submucosaof the cheeks: Containing tubulo-alveolar small salivary glands called?

A

buccal glands

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6
Q

Mucosa of the cheeks is: Lined by

A

Stratified squamous non-cornified
epithelium (SSNCE)

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7
Q

Largest and contain taste buds

A

Circumvallate -

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8
Q

Leaf-like; rudimentary (common in
animals, not much in humans)

A

Foliate -

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9
Q

Constricted base, expanded surface

A

Fungiform -

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10
Q

most numerous papillae

A

filiform

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11
Q

hardest structure of the body secreted by
ameloblasts; upper portion (sa teeth toh)

A

Enamel

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12
Q

formed by odontoblasts

A

Dentin –

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13
Q

– covers the dentin of the root
* Secreted by cementocytes

A

Cementum

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14
Q

– serve to attach the root of
the tooth to the alveolar socket

A

Periodontal membrane

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15
Q

– contains blood vessels, nerves,
fibroblasts, histiocytes, and lymphatic vessels

A

Pulp cavity

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16
Q

– yellowish structure in
submucosal nerve plexus; its purpose is for secretion

A

Meissner’s plexus

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17
Q

– smooth muscle can be seen in
this layer; inner circular layer

A

Tunica Muscularis

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18
Q

Tunica Muscularis (3rd layer of esophagus)
* Inner circular and outer longitudinal layer
(ICOL)
* Upper 1/3: ?
* Middle 1/3: smooth and skeletal muscles
* Lower 1/3: smooth muscle

A

skeletal muscle

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19
Q

Lower 1/3: _____ muscle

A

smooth

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20
Q
  • Most numerous cells in stomach
  • Predominates at the lower regions of the
    gastric glands
  • Show abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum
    and secretory granules
A

CHIEF/PEPTIC/PRINCIPAL/ZYMOGENIC CELLS

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21
Q
  • Secretes PEPSINOGEN
  • Produces gastric lipases
  • Pepsin – initiate the hydrolysis of ingested
    protein in the stomach
  • Gastric Lipase – digests lipids
A

chief/peptic/principal/zymogenic cells

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22
Q
  • Parenchyma of stomach
  • Large round or pyramidal cells with one or
    sometimes 2 central round nucleus
  • Eosinophilic cytoplasm
A

PARIETAL/OXYNTIC CELLS

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23
Q
  • Simple tubular glands (some compound
    tubular glands)
  • Terminal end is long and coiled
A

Cardiac Glands

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24
Q
  • Simple tubular glands (some compound
    tubular glands)
  • Terminal end is long and coiled
A

Cardiac Glands

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25
Q
  • Gastric pits are short and shallow
  • Mostly mucous secreting cells
  • Parietal cells and argentaffin cells are few
A

cardiac glands

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26
Q
  • Most numerous types of glands
  • Simple branched tubular glands
A

Fundic Glands

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27
Q
  • Terminal end is slightly coiled
  • Gastric pits occupy 1⁄4 thickness of mucosa
  • Lumen is narrow
  • All 4 types of cells are present (!!)
A

fundic glands

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28
Q
  • Simple branched tubular glands
  • Terminal end is extensively coiled
A

Pyloric Glands

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29
Q
  • Gastric pits are long and deep extending to
    about 1⁄2 the thickness of mucosa
  • Lumen is wider
  • No parietal cells except in the pyloric
    sphincter
A

pyloric glands

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30
Q

Plicae circulares - Valves of Kerckring is a characteristic of?

A

small intestine

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30
Q

Plicae circulares - Valves of Kerckring is a characteristic of?

A

small intestine

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31
Q
  • Shortest, widest, and the most fixed part
  • Brunner’s glands or duodenal glands of
    Brunner are found at the submucosa
A

DUODENUM

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32
Q
  • LE: simple columnar with GC
  • LP: dense and nodular lymphatic tissues
  • MM: smooth muscles
A

appendix

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33
Q
  • LE: simple columnar with goblet cells
  • LP: transverse mucosal folds, plicae
    transversalis recti
  • MM: smooth muscles
A

rectum

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34
Q

parenchyma of small intestines

A

enterocytes

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35
Q

➢ Branched, tubulo-alveolar glands that secrete saliva
into the oral cavity

A

SALIVARY GLANDS

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36
Q

secretion of parotid gland

A

purely serous

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37
Q

secretion of submandibular gland

A

mixed, mostly serous

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38
Q

secretion of sublingual gland

A

mixed, mostly mucous

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39
Q

duct of sublingual gland

A

bartholin rivinus

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40
Q

➢ Pear-shaped
➢ Temporary storage of bile

A

gallbladder

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41
Q

o LE: Simple columnar
o LP: LCT with mucosal folds called
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses (!!)

what organ ???????

A

gall bladder

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42
Q

➢ Largest glandular organ
➢ FUNCTIONS
* Bile secretion
* Food processing and storage
* Synthesis of fibrinogen, prothrombin, plasma
proteins, heparin

A

liver

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43
Q
  • Detoxification
  • Blood glucose concentration and
    maintenance
  • Synthesis of cholesterol and production of
    urea
  • Lipid metabolism

anong organ to

A

liver

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44
Q

➢ The anatomical unit of the liver
➢ A polygonal prism that appears hexagonal

A

hepatic lobule

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45
Q
  • Center of the hepatic lobule
  • Radiating are the hepatocytes that go
    towards the periphery of the lobule
A

central vein

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46
Q
  • Corners of the polygon
  • Portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct
A

Portal area

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47
Q

➢ Polygonal or polyhedral in shape
➢ Mononucleated and binucleated

A

hepatocytes

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48
Q

➢ Nucleus is vesicular with one prominent nucleoli
➢ Cytoplasm is eosinophilic and shows a considerable
variation

A

hepatocytes

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49
Q

➢ Are intercellular channels between the hepatocytes

A

BILE CANALICULI

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50
Q

➢ Empty into the smallest bile duct lined by cuboidal
cells and called the canals of Herring
➢ Empty into the interlobular bile ducts and into large
ducts

A

bile canaliculi

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51
Q
  • Flattened cells with small, elongated dark
    staining nucleus and an attenuated
    cytoplasm
A

Endothelial cells (non-phagocytic cells)

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52
Q
  • Stellate shaped with processes containing
    engulfed erythrocytes, pigments, and
    granules rich in iron
  • They belong to the reticulo-endothelial
    system of the body that originates from the
    monocytes
A

Von-Kupffer cells (phagocytic cells)

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53
Q
  • Contain lipid droplets
  • Also known as interstitial cells or lipocytes
A

Fat storing cells (Ito cells)

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54
Q

➢ Perisinusoidal space
➢ Narrow space between the endothelium of the
sinusoids and the periphery of the hepatic cells

A

DISSE’S SPACE

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55
Q

➢ Smallest radicles of the hepatic veins
➢ Drain into the larger Sublobular vein
➢ Collecting veins

A

central vein

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56
Q

regulation of arterial blood pressure

A

renin

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57
Q

drainage of the blood from the kidney

A

renal vein

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58
Q

Renal cortex and renal medulla are protected by the??

A

renal capsule

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59
Q

first part of the urinary tract

A

pelvis

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60
Q

– imaginary boundary between renal
cortex and renal medulla

A

Arcuate artery

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61
Q
  • Made of tuft capillaries
A

Glomerulus

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62
Q

Capillaries where the blood enters from the
circulation to the ________ arteriole away
from the heart

A

afferent

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63
Q

Vasa recta is only found in ??

A

renal medulla

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64
Q

➢ Functional unit of the kidney

A

NEPHRON

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65
Q

– filtered blood will go back to the
circulation through this efferent arteriole

A

Efferent arteriole

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66
Q

– first part of the renal tubule; longest

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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67
Q

Components of filtration barrier:
o Slit pores/filtration slits of podocytes
o ____________
o Endothelium of a glomerular capillary

A

Basal lamina

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68
Q

Bowman’s capsule has 2 parts:

A

parietal and visceral layer

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69
Q

– also called as urinary pole

A

Tubular pole

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70
Q
  • Where you can find the afferent and efferent
    arterioles
  • Entry of the blood
  • Where you can find the JG Apparatus
A

Vascular pole

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71
Q

– where the filtrate will pass through

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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72
Q

➢ Intraglomerular mesangial cells

A

MESANGIUM

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73
Q

➢ Provide structural support
➢ Maintain the basal lamina

A

mesangium

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74
Q

➢ Disposal and removal of filtration residues
➢ Participate in the turnover of the deeper and older
parts of the basal lamina

A

mesangium

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75
Q
  • Slightly basophilic cytoplasm with specific
    granules
  • Secrete rennin - activates angiotensinogen into
    angiotensin I
A

JG CELLSZ

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76
Q

Appears as palisade layer of columnar cells with
dark staining nuclei

A

MACULA DENSA

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77
Q
  • Function is not clear
  • May produce erythropoietin, a hormone that
    stimulates erythropoiesis in the bone marrow
A

Laci’s cells/Extraglomerular mesangial
cells/Polar cushion/Polkissens cells

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78
Q
  • Lined by simple cuboidal epithelium with brush borders
  • Nuclei are round
  • Cytoplasm is granular that stains deeply with eosin
  • Acidophilic
A

PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

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79
Q
  • Single layer of cuboidal cells without brush borders
  • Wider lumen
  • Round nuclei
  • Pale staining cytoplasm
A

Ascending Loop of Henle

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80
Q
  • Simple layer of cuboidal cells with few or without brush borders
  • Wider lumen
  • Pale staining cytoplasm
A

Distal Convoluted Tubules

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81
Q
  • Single layer of cuboidal cells
  • Spherical dark staining nucleus
  • Clear non-granular slightly basophilic staining
    cytoplasm
  • With distinct cell boundaries
A

Arched Collecting Tubule

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82
Q

____________Collecting Tubule
* Located at pars radiata
* Simple columnar with dark staining nuclei

A

STRAIGHT COLLECTING TUBULE

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83
Q
  • Single layer of tall columnar cells
  • Pale staining nuclei
A

Papillary Ducts of Bertini

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84
Q

Mucosa OF?
* Lining Epithelium: Transitional Epithelium
* Lamina Propria: Loose Connective Tissue,
Diffuse Lymphatic Tissue

A

EXCRETORY PASSAGES

85
Q

➢ Mucosa OF?
* Lining Epithelium: Transitional epithelium

A

URETER HAHAH

86
Q

➢ Length of 18-20 cm with sigmoid curve
➢ Conveys both urine and seminal fluid

A

MALE URETHRA

87
Q

➢ Transitional epithelium
➢ 3-4 cm long
➢ Traverses the prostate gland from its base to its apex
➢ Colliculus seminalis/Verumontanum

A

PROSTATIC URETHRA

88
Q

➢ Shortest 1-1.5 cm
➢ From the lower pole of the prostate to the bulb of the
corpus spongiosum
➢ Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

MEMBRANOUS URETHRA

89
Q

➢ Longest 15 cm
➢ From the bulb of the penis to the tip of the glans penis
➢ Pseudostratified or stratified columnar epithelium
➢ Fossa navicularis

A

PENILE URETHRA

90
Q

➢ Shorter than the male urethra 3-5 cm
➢ Terminal urinary passage conducting urine from
bladder to the vestibule
➢ Mucosa is thrown into longitudinal folds

A

FEMALE URETHRA

91
Q

Produce the female gametes

A

ovaries

92
Q

Provides environment for fertilization

A

fallopian tube

93
Q

Holds the embryo for development

A

uterus

94
Q

Produces steroidal sex hormones

A

ovaries

95
Q

Nourishes the newborn

A

female breast

96
Q

➢ Length: 2.5 to 5 cm (3cm)
➢ Width: 1.5 to 3 cm (1.5 cm)
➢ Thickness: 0.6 to 1.5 cm (1cm)

A

ovary

97
Q

-Peritoneal fluid
-Squamous/flat cells

A

Mesothelial cells (present sa ovary)

98
Q

➢ Oocyte + one or more layers of follicular cells within a
basal lamina

A

OVARIAN FOLLICLE

99
Q

➢ Single layer of flattened follicular cells
➢ Primary oocyte

A

PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLE

100
Q

➢ Unilaminar Primary Follicle
➢ Multilaminar Primary Follicle
➢ Zona Pellucida
are what type of follicle

A

primary follicle

101
Q

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

a. unilaminar primary follicle
b. multilaminar primary follicle

A

A. UNILAMINAR

102
Q

A primary follicle that is
* Between oocyte and GCs
* A glycoprotein layer

A

Zona Pellucida

103
Q

➢ Small spaces appear between granulosa layers

A

ANTRAL FOLLICLE

104
Q

Cells secrete clear follicular fluid

A

Liquor Folliculi

105
Q

GCs that form a hillock

A

Cumulus Oophorus

106
Q

GCs that immediately surround the
zona pellucida

A

Corona Radiata

107
Q

Theca Interna (TI): Produces ?

A

androstenedione

108
Q

➢ Preovulatory follicle
➢ Contains a single large antrum
➢ Forms a bulge at the ovarian surface

A

GRAAFIAN/MATURE FOLLICLE

109
Q

➢ Average of 2 cm
➢ Large 20 oocyte, commences second meiotic division
➢ Very thick ZP
➢ ZG forms a layer of even thickness

A

graafian follicle

110
Q

where the egg cell gets fertilized during
ovulation (where fertilization takes place)

A

ampulla

111
Q

➢ Remains of follicle after ovulation
➢ Secretes hormones

A

CORPUS LUTEUM

112
Q
  • Inner, larger, makes up bulk of corpus
  • Derived from granulosa cells
  • Secretes progesterone
A

Granulosa Lutein Cells

113
Q
  • Peripheral, smaller, deeply stained
  • Derived from theca interna
  • Secretes estrogen & androgens
A

Theca Lutein Cells

114
Q

Corpus Luteum produces progesterone &
estrogens for __days

A

14

115
Q

➢ Scar
➢ Forms at the site of a corpus luteum after its involution
➢ Contains mostly collagen
➢ Few fibroblasts
➢ Alba – white
➢ “White body”

A

CORPUS ALBICANS

116
Q

➢ Paired
➢ 10 to 12 cm
➢ Open into peritoneal cavity

A

FALLOPIAN TUBE

117
Q

Funnel-shaped; Opening near ovary

A

Infundibulum

118
Q

➢ Pear-shaped muscular organ
➢ Length: 6.5 cm
➢ Width: 3.5 cm
➢ Thickness: 2.5 cm
➢ Simple columnar ciliated epithelium

A

uterus

119
Q

-Rounded upper end of the body
-Where oviducts join

A

Fundus

120
Q
  • Single layer of mesothelial cells
  • Thin layer of connective tissue
  • Mesothelial cells

what layer of the uterus is described

A

perimetrium

121
Q

what layer of the uterus is this:
* 15 mm of bundles of smooth muscles in
connective tissue

A

Myometrium

122
Q

3 sublayers of myometrium:

A

Stratum subvasculare
Stratum vasculare
Stratum supravasculare

123
Q

A layer in uterus that Contains numerous simple branched tubular glands aka Uterine/Endometrial glands

A

endometrium

124
Q

stratum basalis and stratum functionalis are sublayers of?

A

endometrium

125
Q

-Deeper portion
-Directly attached to myometrium
-Does not change much during menstrual cycle
-Principle source of cells for regeneration of
stratum functionalis

A

stratum basalis

126
Q

-Superficial portion: upper 1⁄2 - 2/3 of endometrium
-Sloughed regularly during menses

A

Stratum functionalis

127
Q
  • Branches of uterine arteries pass myometrium
A

Arterial supply of endometrium

128
Q

__________ arteries (basal arteries)
▪ Short
▪ Bifurcates into a plexus, supplies
stratum basalis

A

straight arteries

129
Q

______ arteries (coiled arteries)
▪ Long, coiled, thick-walled
▪ Pass to surface of endometrium, around glands and stratum compactum
▪ Responsive to hormonal changes

A

Spiral

130
Q

➢ Conduit for sperm transport
➢ Prepares for implantation
➢ Nourishes embryo

are functions of?

A

uterusz

131
Q

what stage of menstrual cycle?

  • Begins at end of menstrual flow
  • Increased thickness of mucosa
  • Coiled arteries elongate
A

PROLIFERATIVE/FOLLICULAR/ESTROGENIC
PHASE

132
Q
  • Stroma is more cellular
  • Glands are straight, narrow, and empty

what stage of menstrual cycle

A

PROLIFERATIVE/FOLLICULAR/ESTROGENIC
PHASE

133
Q
  • Occurs after ovulation
  • Further thickening of endometrium
  • Less cellular

what stage of menstrual cycle

A

SECRETORY/LUTEAL/PREGESTATIONAL PHASE

134
Q
  • Edema of uterine glands; more tortuous
  • Elongating and convoluting arteries reach
    superficial portion of endometrium
  • Four times thicker than basal layer

what stage of menstrual cycle

A

SECRETORY/LUTEAL/PREGESTATIONAL
PHASE

135
Q
  • Fertilization fails to occur
  • Ovarian hormone stimulation declines
A

menstrual phase (last stage of mens cycle)

136
Q

➢ Cervical canal: 3 cm long
➢ Mucosal lining: 2 to 3 mm thick

A

CERVIX

137
Q

branching folds in mucosa in the cervix

A

Plicae Palmitae

138
Q

Portio Vaginalis

A

Exocervix

139
Q

➢ Distensible muscular tube
➢ Does not contain glands
➢ pH is acidic

A

vagina

140
Q

Lining of vagina is rich in ?

A

glycogen

141
Q

include several structures, all covered by
stratified squamous epithelium

A

Vulva

142
Q

a space whose wall includes the tubulo-acinar vestibular glands

A

Vestibule

143
Q

paired folds of skin lacking hair follicles but with numerous sebaceous glands

A

Labia minora

144
Q

paired; homologous and histologically similar to the skin of the scrotum

A

Labia majora

145
Q

an erectile structure homologous to the penis with paired corpora cavernosa

A

Clitoris

146
Q

propel spermatozoa and secretions to the penile urethra

A

genital ducts

147
Q

__________ are compound-tubular glands lodged in the
scrotum.

A

testes

148
Q

round or polygonal cells with central nucleus and eosinophilic cytoplasm; produce the hormone TESTOSTERONE

A

leydig cells

149
Q

Each seminiferous tubule is lined by a specialized stratified
epithelium called as GERMINAL or _____________
EPITHELIUM

A

SPERMATOGENIC

150
Q

sequence of events wherein spermatogonia are transformed into spermatozoa.

A

spermatogenesis

151
Q

sequence of events wherein spermatogonia are transformed into spermatozoa.

A

spermatogenesis

152
Q

– Mitosis of spermatogonia to become spermatocytes

A

Spermatocytogenesis

153
Q

– Spermatids are transformed directly into spermatozoa or sperm cells.

A

Spermiogenesis

154
Q

-Most immature, located beneath the basement
membrane of the seminiferous tubules;
-contain a round, dark staining nucleus.

A

spermatogenic cells

155
Q

stem cell, diploid chromosomes (46 chromosomes or 44 XY)

A

spermatogonium

156
Q

These undergo the first meiotic division and become transformed into secondary spermatocytes. (44 XY)

A

primary spermatocytes

157
Q

These cells undergo spermiogenesis and become transformed into mature germ cells.

A

secondary spermatocyte

158
Q
  • (22 X / 22 Y or haploid)
A

secondary spermatocyte

159
Q

Most mature, located near or towards the lumen
- These are mature sperm cells that are actively
motile, free swimming and consist of a head, a
middle piece, a body, and a tail.

A

sperm cell/spermatozoa

160
Q

Support, protection and nutrition of the developing
spermatogenic cells

A

sertoli cells

161
Q

___________________ phase- stem cells divide to
replace themselves and provide a population of
committed spermatogonia (Mitosis)

A

Spermatogonial

162
Q

____________________ phase- Primary spermatocytes
undergo meiosis to reduce both the chromosome
and amount of DNA (Meiosis)

A

Spermatocyte

163
Q

One primary spermatocyte gives rise to __ daughter
cells

A

four/4

164
Q

Long, comma shaped, highly coiled duct lies in the
scrotum along the superior and posterior sides of each
testis

A
165
Q

Long, comma shaped, highly coiled duct lies in the
scrotum along the superior and posterior sides of each
testis

A

epididymis

166
Q

Long, straight tube with a thick muscular wall and
relatively small lumen, leaves the scrotum and continues
toward the prostatic urethra

A

vas deferens

167
Q

Produce secretions, which become mixed with sperm
during ejaculation to produce SEMEN and are essential
for reproduction

A

accessory organs

168
Q

secretes and stores a yellow, viscous alkaline fluid which is rich in fructose (exocrine
gland).

A

seminal vesivcle

169
Q

major energy source for sperm

A

fructose

170
Q

which stimulate activity in the female reproductive tract

A

prostaglandins

171
Q

allows semen to coagulate after ejaculation

A

fibrinogen

172
Q

Produce a fluid responsible for the milky appearance of
the seminal fluid;

main source of acid phosphatase, citric acid, and
amylase of semen.

A

prostate gland

173
Q

containing deposited glycoproteins and keratan sulfate, may become more numerous with age
but no physiologic or clinical significance

A

corpora amylacea

174
Q

Release a clear mucus like secretion which coats and
lubricates the urethra

A

bulburethral gland

175
Q
  • displays occurring commonly in the periurethral glands
    where it often leads to compression of the urethra and
    problems in urination
A

BEINIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

176
Q

occurring mainly in the glands of the peripheral zone
* Elevated levels of PSA indicate abnormal glandular mucosa

A

prostatic carcinoma

177
Q
  • ____________________ promotes relaxation in the smooth muscle
    cells of helicine arteries and erectile tissue and enhances the neural effect to produce or maintain an erection
A

Drug Sildenafil

178
Q

inflammation of the testis, frequently involves the ducts
connecting the testis to the epididymis

A

orchitis

179
Q
  • accumulation of serous fluid in the scrotal sac
  • scrotal swelling
A

hydrocele

180
Q

-failure of one or both testis to descend from the
abdomen;
- causes infertility

A

cryptorchidism

181
Q

Occur secondary to urinary tract infection or sexually
transmitted such as Chlamydia or Neisseria gonorrhea
infections
* Scrotal pain and tenderness

A

epididymitis

182
Q

_______________________________ PITUITARY
* The part that develops from the neural ectoderm
* Consists of the pars nervosa and infundibulum

A

NEUROHYPOPHYSIS OR POSTERIOR

183
Q

o don’t have an affinity to a certain dye
o undifferentiated
o stain weakly with few or no secretory granules
o represent a heterogeneous group

A

chromophobe cells

184
Q

Chromophil cells
o have an affinity to a certain dye
- acidophilic
- basophilic

A

chromophil cells

185
Q

secrete growth hormone and prolactin

A

Acidophilic chromophil-

186
Q
  • Funnel shaped region surrounding the infundibulum.
A

Pars tuberalis

187
Q

Pars intermedia synthesizes ?????????

A

melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

188
Q

characteristic feature of pars intermedia

A

rathke’s cysts (colloid)

189
Q

what gland Secretes certain hormones which regulates the sleep wake cycle

A

pineal gland

190
Q

o Supporting cells
o Elongated nuclei
o Stain more heavily than parenchymal cells
o Between cords of pinealocytes and perivascular
areas

A

Interstitial cells

191
Q
  • These glands are located in the cervical region, in front of
    the larynx and consist of 2 lobes united by an isthmus.
  • Composed of follicles
A

thyroid gland

192
Q

They synthesize and secrete thyroid hormone such as tetraiodothyroxine (T4) and triiodothyroxine (T3), which
stimulate metabolic rate.

A

follicular cells

193
Q

Synthesis and secretion of calcitonin
* Reduction in the concentration of calcium in the blood by
inhibiting bone resorption

A

parafollicular cells

194
Q

Parathyroid hormone increases ??

A

calcium

195
Q

Secrete parathyroid hormone which increases calcium.

A

chief or principal cells

196
Q

secretes the hormone glucagon which helps blood glucose
levels rise (increase)

A

alpha cells

197
Q
  • most numerous and tend to be concentrated in the center
  • secrete insulin (decreases glucose level)
A

beta cells

198
Q
  • least numerous and are small that do not stain heavily.
  • secrete somatostatin.
A

delta cells

199
Q

paired organs that lie near the superior poles of the kidney.
* They are flattened structures with a half-moon shape

A

adrenal gland

200
Q
  • secrete mineralocorticoids primarily aldosterone, which is
    responsible for electrolyte and water balance.
A

zona glomerulosa (adrenal cortex)

201
Q
  • Major secretion: Glucocorticoids
  • Minor secretion: 17 ketosteroids
A

ZONA FASCICULATA & RETICULARIS

202
Q
  • made up of cells dispersed in irregular cords forming an
    anastomosing network.
  • Cells are small and cytoplasm is acidophilic
A

Zona reticularis

203
Q

It secretes neurotransmitters like catecholamines,
epinephrine and nor-epinephrine which are released as
part of fight or flight response

A

ADRENAL MEDULLA

204
Q

The ____________is also a major endocrine gland delivering
directly in the maternal blood, hormones that are
essential for the continuance of pregnancy

A

placenta

205
Q

Human Chorionic Gonatotrophic (HCG) is secreted by
____________________ of the chorionic villi

A

syncitiotrophoblast

206
Q

These cells are found at the base of the intestinal crypts and are distinguished by their prominent eosinophilic apical granules:

A

paneth cells

207
Q

What is the secretion of the largest salivary gland in the body?

A

purelyy serous

208
Q

Which layer regularly sloughs off during monthly menstrual periods?

A

stratum functionalis

209
Q

site of maturation of sperm cell occurs in what segment of the male reproductive tract?

A

epididymis

HISTOLOGY (3 decks)

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