Finals Flashcards
________ is the hormone that tells the body to release stored glucose.
glucagon
Digested food is absorbed through the finger like ____ of the intestinal lining
Villi
Which of the following elements make up approximately 97% of your cells?
Nitrogen, oxygen, Carbon, and hydrogen
The pancreas produces _______ to aid chemical digestion
enzymes
_________ fiber helps move undigested food waste through the intestines.
insoluble
The primary funtion of the large intestine is ___
water absorption
For which of the following reasons is water important to the body?
makes up 60% of human body weight
digestion and absorption of nutrients
transporting nutrients to cells
removing wastes from cells
lubricating joints
What are the organs of the digestive system?
pancrea liver gall bladder
A disaccharide is made of ___ simple sugar(s).
two
___ is the carbohydrate animals and humans use to store excess glucose.
glycogen
Why are lipids important to your body?
make up cell membranes,
store energy, carry fat soluble vitamins, and make up hormones
____ is stored in the gallbladder until needed.
Bile
What contributes to chemical digestion?
mouth
stomach
small intestine
Components of the alimentary canal in order
mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, anus
It takes food ___ hours to travel the length of your digestive system.
24-72
_______ is the hormone that tells the body to store blood sugar.
Insulin
___ is indigestible carbohydrate found in plant cell walls.
cellulose
Organic molecules needed in small amounts to maintain health are called ________.
vitamins
The main organ of nutrient absorption is the ___.
Small intestine
Which of the following increase surface area for absorption in the small intestine?
Length, villi, and microvilli
A monosaccharide is made of ___ simple sugar(s).
one
ATP is produced during ___
cellular respiration
Which organelle carries out cellular respiration?
mitochondria
___ is the carbohydrate plants use to store excess glucose.
starch
Inorganic molecules required in small amounts to maintain health are called ________.
Minerals
_______ fiber slows digestion allowing more time to absorb nutrients.
Soluble
A polysaccharide is made of ___ simple sugar(s).
Many
Food usually stays in the stomach ___ hours
2-4 hours
What are the functions of the digestive system?
Breaking food into smaller pieces, Absorption of nutrients, Breaking complex molecules into their building blocks, water absorption, elimination of undigested wastes
The rhythmic muscular contractions of the alimentary canal is called ___.
peristalsis
Which of the following contribute to mechanical digestion?
mouth
stomach
During digestion lipids are broken down into
fatty acids
During digestion carbohydrates are broken down into
simple sugars
The liver produces ____ for fat digestion.
bile
The ___ is the primary organ of chemical digestion.
Small intestine
Bile from the gallbladder and enzymes from the pancreas are added to the ___ of the small intestine to aid chemical digestion.
duodenum
During digestion proteins are broken down into
amino acids
