. Flashcards
List and draw the four types of leaf arrangements..
Alternate Leaf Arrangement, Opposite Leaf Arrangement, Whorled Leaf Arrangement, and Rosette Leaf Arrangement:
List the 3 main categories of plant tissues AND give the function of each.
Structural Tissue Function: Structural tissue makes up much of the body, or structure of a plant.
Meristematic Tissue Function: growth and repair
vascular Tissue: Function: Vascular tissue is responsible for the transportation of water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant
List and draw the three types of venation patterns of leaves.
Parallel venation -
Pinnate venation -
Palmate venation.
List the 4 types of structural tissue AND give the function of each.
Meristematic Tissue: Function: Growth and cell division.
Dermal Tissue: Function: Protection, gas exchange, and water conservation.
Ground Tissue: Function: Photosynthesis, storage, and structural support
vascular Tissue: Function: Transportation of water, nutrients, and food.
What 3 basic parts do all cells share?
cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, and Genetic Material (DNA or RNA)
List the 2 types of vascular tissue AND give the function of each.``
Xylem: Function: Transports water and minerals. Phloem: Function: Transports sugars and nutrients.
List two organelles found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells.
Cell Wall, Chloroplasts:
Where is meristematic tissue found in a plant?
Meristematic tissue in a plant is primarily found in the apical meristems at the tips of roots and shoots, as well as cambien
Which type of meristematic tissue is responsible for longitudinal growth (growth in length)?
Apical Meristems
What is the function of a chloroplast?
They contain the green pigment chlorophyll which captures the sun’s energy.
What is the outermost boundary of a plant cell?
the outermost boundary of a plant cell is the cell wall, also known as the plasma membrane.
Why don’t plant cells burst when the central vacuole swells with water? Use prior knowledge and logic to answer this.
Plant cells don’t burst when the central vacuole swells with water because the rigid cell wall surrounding the cell membrane provides structural support and prevents excessive expansion, maintaining the cell’s integrity.
What is the function of plant cell walls? What compound in cell walls enables them to perform this function?
Plant cell walls serve to provide structural support and protection to plant cells, and they are enabled to perform this function by the compound cellulose, which forms a strong and rigid network.
How are compound leaves different from simple leaves?
Compound leaves are different from simple leaves because they are divided into multiple leaflets along a common leaf stalk, while simple leaves consist of a single leaf blade attached to the stem.
What is the function of leaf veins?
Leaf veins primarily function to transport water, nutrients, and sugars within the leaf, enabling vital processes like photosynthesis and providing structural support to the leaf.
What is the function of a plant cell vacuole?
The function of a plant cell vacuole is to store water, nutrients, waste products, and various substances, helping maintain cell rigidity and storing essential molecules.
Explain why leaves turn different colors in the fall.
Leaves turn different colors in the fall due to the breakdown of chlorophyll, revealing other pigments such as carotenoids (orange and yellow) and anthocyanins (red and purple) that were previously masked by chloroplast
How do guard cells help plants conserve water on a hot day?
Guard cells help plants conserve water on a hot day by controlling the opening and closing of stomata to reduce water loss
What is the relationship of systems, tissues and organs in multicellular organisms?
Form tissues, tissues make organs, organs make organ systems which is needed in the plants.
Describe the systems and organs of a plant.
Shoot system, and root system
How does the sap in xylem and phloem differ?
The sap in xylem mainly carries water and minerals, facilitating their transport from the roots, whereas the sap in phloem contains water, sugars, and other organic compounds, responsible for distributing the products of photosynthesis to various plant tissues
What is the function of the stomata?
The function of the stomata is to regulate the exchange of gases, primarily carbon
What is transpiration?
Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor through tiny openings called stomata on the surface of their leaves, helping with cooling and maintaining water and nutrient uptake.
What type of tissue is found in the center of a leaf?
Mesophyll
Explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Autotrophs can make their own food through processes like photosynthesis, while heterotrophs must obtain their energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic compounds.
Explain what photosynthesis is
When plants take energy from the sun, to produce food such as glucose for plant to eat 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is the metabolic process in which cells extract energy from glucose and other organic molecules, releasing carbon dioxide, water, and ATP as a form of chemical energy.
What is the function of the abscission layer?
The detach leaves, flowers or plants that are no longer needed
What is turgor pressure?
Turgor pressure is the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall.
What causes plants to wilt?
Plants wilt when there is a loss of turgor pressure in their cells,
If you damage the meristematic tissue of a plant, what effect might that have on the plant?
Damaging the meristematic tissue of a plant can impact its growth and development, potentially leading to stunted growth and reduced overall health.
Photosynthesis is an energy conversion that takes place inside the
chloroplast
Select all that are true:Structural tissue…
provides support, makes and stores food, and covers and protects
When a plant loses water through transpiration faster than it can take it in through the roots, it will
Wilt
The starting materials of photosynthesis
CO2, H2O, Sunlight
Aerobic cellular respiration
breaks down glucose to release ATP, takes place in the mitochondria, and
requires oxygen
Vascular tissue that transports sap from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
phloem
Conducts materials throughout the plant
vascular tissue
