Finals Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the hidden curriculum?

A

A set of lessons, values and norms inadvertently taught at schools

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2
Q

What is an example of a hidden curriculum?

A

Boys are better at math and science, while girls are better at humanities

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3
Q

What was a concern now that women were allowed to go to school?

A

A concern that women have become more masculine while men are becoming feminine

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4
Q

Who was the first woman to be granted a degree?

A

A Canadian woman

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5
Q

How did children’s books change today?

A

They placed less emphasis on pro-male bias

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6
Q

What did Ryerson believe about girls and schooling?

A

They should be allowed to go to school to uphold and image but shouldn’t be paid

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7
Q

Where does gender intensification occur for both genders?

A

During adolescence

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8
Q

What do Kimmel and Holler attribute to the decline in girls self-esteem?

A

They learned that their appearance was valued more than their skills

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9
Q

What occurred during adolescence for girls?

A

During junior high, girls self-esteem dropped significantly

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10
Q

What occurred during adolescence in boys?

A

They were four times more likely to go to a child psychologist, and were more likely to be placed in special education classes

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11
Q

Why do boys struggle with ‘feminine’ subjects like english?

A

They were pressured to conform to typical masculine subjects

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12
Q

What is the difference between bullying and sexual harassment?

A

Sexual harassment is about gender

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13
Q

By the 1980s, who made up the majority of university undergraduate students?

A

Women

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14
Q

Which group was the self-esteem drop not visible in?

A

Black girls aged 9-14

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15
Q

Who often were the victims of bullying?

A

Boys

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16
Q

When it comes to education workplaces where are most men and women found?

A

Women are found more in elementary education, while men are found in high school and university settings

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17
Q

What two spheres separate the division of labour?

A

The private and public spheres

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18
Q

What percentage of the global workforce do women make up?

A

40 percent

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19
Q

Why did women lose their jobs less than men did?

A

Women chose lower paying, safer jobs compared to men who chose to do more dangerous but higher paying jobs

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20
Q

How much money must a man make to uphold the breadwinner/housewife model?

A

At least 230,000$

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21
Q

How does Hymonwitz explain the wage gap?

A

Men earn more than woman as they dedicate more work to the public sphere

22
Q

How do Kimmel and Holler debate Hymonwitz’s claims?

A

That his explanation isn’t valid to why women earn an 8 percent difference

23
Q

What is vertical segregation?

A

Segregation associated with differences in education and skill

24
Q

What is horizontal segregation?

A

Segregation within occupations with similar education levels and skills but in different fields

25
Q

What is the purpose of the glass ceiling and sticky floor?

A

To keep women in lower paying jobs

26
Q

If sexual harassment is less about attraction, what is the purpose?

A

It is more about repulsion and using power against a person

27
Q

What does Farrell argue?

A

That men are the real victims of the workplace -> The glass cellar

28
Q

What does the ideal body look like?

A

An able bodied male

29
Q

What kind of sport is most different amongst men and women?

A

Throwing

30
Q

What is gender ideology?

A

The idea that there are only two genders, and everything else is seen as deviant

31
Q

Who coined the term ‘male gaze’?

A

Mulvey

32
Q

What was the ‘ideal’ womanly body according to Kimmel and Holler?

A

They were maternal

33
Q

What was the ‘ideal’ manly body according to Kimmel and Holler?

A

Active, powerful and capable

34
Q

Who is more likely to develop eating disorders?

A

Middle-class white girls

35
Q

What is muscular dysphoria?

A

Where people feel insufficiently muscular

36
Q

What did Quaig coin the term for male eating disorders?

A

Manorexia

37
Q

What did Kimmel and Holler argue about bodily beautification?

A

That most of us spend a lot of time on it

38
Q

What has become a growing industry?

A

Plastic surgery

39
Q

Who is Hirscheld?

A

A german academic who was interested in same-sex relationships

40
Q

What is the difference between transgender and transexuals?

A

Transexuals buy into the medical model of sex and gender

41
Q

What is the gatekeeper model?

A

A patient must be medically diagnosed with gender dysphoria before they can be transitioned

42
Q

What do Kimmel and Holler suggest about sexuality?

A

Patriarchy has always played a role in appropriate sexual expression

43
Q

What did Christianity demand?

A

Abstinence

44
Q

Was same-sex attraction considered a sin?

A

No, but it was considered abnormal

45
Q

When did a double standard for men and women emerge?

A

The Victorian Era

46
Q

What is compulsory heterosexuality?

A

Interactions and expectations that people are heterosexual

47
Q

What is sexology?

A

Constituted how people express sexuality

48
Q

Who coined the term compulsory heterosexuality?

A

Rich

49
Q

What did Kimmel and Holler argue the most successful drug is?

A

Viagra

50
Q

Is there a connection between negative attitudes towards women and porn?

A

No conclusive studies

51
Q
A