FINALS

Question 1

are commands that enable a program to “take decisions”, following one path or another.​

Answer 1

Control Structures

Question 2

Control Structures are commands that enable a program to ____________ , following one path or another.​

Answer 2

“take decisions

Question 3

These are the blocks that analyze variables and choose directions in which to go based on given parameters.

Answer 3

Control Structures

Question 4

3 types of Control Structures​

Answer 4

Conditional Structures (or Selection)​

Iteration Structures (or Looping)​

Selective Structures (switch)

Question 5

Conditional operator

Answer 5

(? :)

Question 6

are used to execute one or more statements if a condition is met.​

Answer 6

Conditionals (or Selection)

Question 7

4 types of Conditional Structures

Answer 7

if statements​

if else statements​

if else if statements​

Nested if statements​

Question 8

execute one or more statements when a condition is met. If the testing of that condition is TRUE, the statement gets executed. But if it’s FALSE (the condition is not met), then nothing happens.​

Answer 8

If statements

Question 9

This Control Structure allows a program to follow alternative paths of execution, whether a condition is met or not.​

Answer 9

If else statements​

Question 10

can have multiple alternative statements. ​

Answer 10

If-else if statements

Question 11

is an if statement that is the target of another if statement.​

Answer 11

nested if

Question 12

Use the s____________ to select one of many code blocks to be executed.​

Answer 12

Switch statement

Question 13

Multiple – Selection Structure

Answer 13

Switch

Question 14

The switch expression is evaluated how many times?

Answer 14

once

Question 15

The ______ and ________ keywords are optional.

Answer 15

break and default

Question 16

When C++ reaches a _________ keyword, it breaks out of the switch block.​

Answer 16

break

Question 17

This will stop the execution of more code and case testing inside the block.

Answer 17

break

Question 18

This is a keyword that specifies some code to run if there is no case match.​

Answer 18

default

Question 19

refers to Switch statements inside of another Switch Statements.​

Answer 19

Nested-Switch statements

Question 20

Other word for Looping stuctures?

Answer 20

Iterative or Repetition

Question 21

There may be a situation when you need to execute a block of code several number of times.

Answer 21

Looping Structures (Iterative, Repetition)​

Question 22

In general, statements are executed sequentially: The first statement in a function is executed first, followed by the second, and so on.​

Answer 22

Looping Structures (Iterative, Repetition)​

Question 23

allows us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple times and following is the general form of a loop statement in most of the programming languages.​

Answer 23

A loop statement

Question 24

Types of Looping Statements​

Answer 24

while Loop (Pretest loop)
do while Loop (Post-test loop)
for Loop (Counter-controlled loop)

Question 25

Repeats a statement or group of statements while a given condition is true. It tests the condition before executing the loop body.​

Answer 25

while Loop (pretest loop)​

Question 26

Like a while statement, except that it tests the condition at the end of the loop body.​

Answer 26

do while Loop (Post-test loop)

Question 27

Execute a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable.​

Answer 27

for Loop (Counter-controlled loop)

Question 28

is a piece of code that lacks a functional exit so that it repeats indefinitely.

Answer 28

Infinite loop or endless loop

Question 29

Flow of control in for Loop​

Answer 29

initialization step
condition / boolean expression
step expression / update statement
condition / boolean expression (until the condition has been met)

Question 30

is executed first, and only once. This step allows you to declare and initialize any loop control variables and this step ends with a semi colon (;).​

Answer 30

initialization step

Question 31

If it is true, the body of the loop is executed. If it is false, the body of the loop will not be executed and control jumps to the next statement past the for loop.​

Answer 31

condition / boolean expression

Question 32

This statement allows you to update any loop control variables. ​

Answer 32

step expression / update statement (increment)

Question 33

The ________________ is now evaluated again. If it is true, the loop executes and the process repeats. After the Boolean expression is false, the for loop terminates.​

Answer 33

condition / boolean expression

Question 34

A loop within another loop

Answer 34

nested loop.​

Question 35

is collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations. The idea is to store multiple items of same type together.

Answer 35

array

Question 36

is a container object that holds a fixed number of values of a single type. The length of an array is established when the array is created. After creation, its length is fixed.

Answer 36

array

Question 37

Each item in an array is called an __________?

Answer 37

element

Question 38

and each element is accessed by its _________________?

Answer 38

numerical index.​

Question 39

The index of an array always starts with ?

Answer 39

0

Question 40

Array Initialization​

Initializing values to an array can be done in two ways:​

Answer 40

During initialization of the array;​

int arrayInt[] = {1,2,3,4,5};​

double arrayDouble[] = {2.5,3.2,7.0};

Assigning values by its numerical index;​

arrayInt[0] = 2;​

arrayInt[1] = 4;​

arrayInt[2] = 7;

Question 41

is an array containing one or more arrays.​

Answer 41

multidimensional array

Question 42

To create a two-dimensional array, add each array within its own set of curly braces:

Answer 42

int myNumbers[columns][rows] = { {1, 2, 3, 4}, {5, 6, 7, 8} };​