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CPH LEC > FINALS > Flashcards

FINALS Flashcards

1
Q

Protects us and our environment from harm they are the one also responsible for monitoring air water and noise pollution

A

environmental health protection

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2
Q

It focused on the natural and built environments for the benefit of human

A

environmental health

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3
Q

it is concerned with protecting the natural environment for the benefit of human health and the ecosystem

A

environmental protection

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4
Q

Can cause health problems like respiratory disease heart disease and some types of cancer

A

environmental pollutant

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5
Q

It’s collection treatment and the reuse of waste water

A

community water and waste management

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6
Q

kinds of wastes

A

solid wastes
liquid wastes

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7
Q

It is composed of domestic commercial and industrial waste especially common as the co-disposal of waste
composed of plastics Styrofoam containers battle cans papers scrap irons and alike

A

solid wastes

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8
Q

Wastes in liquid form and is composed of oils chemicals domestic washings water from ponds and manufacturing industries and other sources

A

liquid wastes

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9
Q

classification of wastes

A

biodegradable
non-biodegradable
hazardous
non-hazardous wastes

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10
Q

Objects that can decompose

A

biodegradable

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11
Q

Objects that cannot decompose

A

non-biodegradable

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12
Q

Waste that has substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment

A

hazardous

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13
Q

Any waste that causes no harm to humans or environmental health

A

non-hazardous wastes

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14
Q

sources of water or waste pollution

A

household
industry
agriculture
docks and ports

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15
Q

water waste treatment

A

primary sewage treatment r
secondary sewage treatment
advanced or tertiary sewage treatment

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16
Q

Involves mostly physical processes that remove larger particles by filtering water through large screens and then allowing smaller particles to settle in ponds or lagoons

A

primary sewage treatment

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17
Q

Involves more filtering further settling and aeration to accelerate bacterial breakdown of the sewage

A

secondary sewage treatment

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18
Q

Precipitation based on coagulation and settling to remove phosphorus and suspended solids 

A

advanced or tertiary sewage treatment

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19
Q

A study of how and why infectious disease says emergency spread among different populations and what strategies can prevent or contain the spread of the seas of the population level

A

epidemiology of infectious and toxic agents in water

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20
Q

The most commonly reported gastrointestinal infectious disease says that could be attributed to water

A

campylobacteriosis
giardiasis
hepatitis a
shigellosis

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21
Q

water testing Is carried out to meet the regulatory requirements and adhere to the safety procedures that are needed for pollutant free water

A

sources and testing of water

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22
Q

Properties detectable by the senses

A

physical test

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23
Q

Determines the amounts of mineral and organic substances that affect water quality

A

chemical test

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24
Q

shows the Presence of bacteria characteristics of faecal pollution

A

bacteriological tests

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25
Q

The distribution and determinants of health and disease in human populations Is the principal science of public health

A

epidemiology by harkness, 1995

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26
Q

disease occurrence among a population that is more than what is expected in a given time and place usually a sudden increase

A

epidemic or outbreak

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27
Q

an epidemic that spreads across regions

A

pandemic

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28
Q

A disease or condition present among a population at all times

A

endemic

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29
Q

Organized epidemiologists investigations of the disease pattern in the community this study of the amount and distribution of disease constitutes a descriptive epidemiology

A

person-place-time model

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30
Q

epidemiological triangle

A

agent host environment

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31
Q

Is a model of investigation where the epidemiologist examines the interrelationships between host and environmental characteristics and uses an organized method of inquiry to drive then exclamation of disease

A

epidemiological triangle

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32
Q

occupational hazards

A

physical
chemical
biological
ergonomic
psycho-social

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33
Q

prevention of occupational diseases

A

medical measures
engineering measures
legislative measures

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34
Q

pre placement examination.
periodical examination
medical and healthcare services
health education and counseling

A

medical measures

35
Q

Dust enclosure and isolation
local exhaust ventilation
protection device
environmental monitoring
statistical monitoring and research

A

engineering measures

36
Q

the factory act 1948
the employees state insurance act of 1948

A

legislative measures

37
Q

It is an essential public health measure that aims to reduce the incidence of foodborne illnesses in the population

A

epidemiology of food borne diseases

38
Q

a result of ingestion of food stuffs infected with microorganisms or chemicals

A

foodborne diseases

39
Q

what are the 7 major foodborne illnesses

A

norovirus
salmonella
clostridium perfringens
campylobacter
listeria
e. coli 0157:H7 toxoplasma

40
Q

Includes bacteria viruses and parasites And it is the biggest threat to food safety they can be inherent in the product or due to a mishandling

A

biological hazard

41
Q

Are responsible for most food borne illnesses

A

bacteria and viruses

42
Q

Includes natural toxins and chemical contaminants

A

chemical hazards

43
Q

It is a chemical hazard

A

food allergen

44
Q

Are either foreign materials unintentionally introduced to food products or naturally occurring objects that are hazardous to the consumer. It contaminates a food product at any stage of production

A

physical hazards

45
Q

types of food borne diseases

A

food borne infection
foodborne intoxication
food borne toxin mediated infection

46
Q

Are contaminated water raw or unpasteurized milk and raw or undercooked meat poultry or shellfish Can cause diarrhea cramping abdominal pain and fever that appear 2 to 5 days after eating and my last seven days may spread the bloodstream and cause a life threatening infection

A

campylobacter jejuni

47
Q

It’s associated foods are improperly canned foods garlic in oil vacuum packed and tightly wrapped the food. This bacteria produce a neurotoxin that causes illness affecting the nervous system

A

clostridium botulinum

48
Q

It’s associated foods are meets meat products and gravy called the cafeteria germ it can cause intense abdominal cramps nausea and diarrhea may appear 6 to 24 hours after eating usually last about one day but for immune compromised individuals symptoms may last 1 to 2 weeks complications and or death can occur only very rarely

A

clostridium perfringens

49
Q

It’s associated foods are the soil food water contaminated surfaces can cause dehydration weight loss stomach cramps or pain fever nausea and vomiting respiratory symptoms may also be present symptoms begin 2 to 10 days after becoming infected

A

cryptosporidium

50
Q

prevention of food borne disease

A

clean
separate
cook
chill

51
Q

Are the highest frequency and or concentration of a bacterial hazards in food to achieve a public health came like the appropriate level of health protection ALOP

A

food protection objectives

52
Q

SMART

A

specific
measurable
achievable
realistic
timely

53
Q

One uses their data and target the areas of improvement within their scope of operation

A

specific

54
Q

One must determine compliance through some sort of solid metric system this means that one must associate actual targets to the objective

A

measurable

55
Q

They ensure that everything is in place and that if the person does not reach the goals

A

achievable

56
Q

They are closely aligned to making your food safety objective’s achievable

A

realistic

57
Q

This aspect motivates us to achieve the outcome all objectives should have time limit otherwise nothing ever gets done

A

timely

58
Q

This concepts describes an approach to setting microbial FSO’s and specifying the elements and parameters of the hazard analysis critical control point system or the HACCP which establishes control of the food processing operation

A

Food safety objectives

59
Q

It has many facets and the resultant health risks include diseases in almost all organ systems

A

environmental pollution

60
Q

Is a contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere

A

air pollution

61
Q

types of air pollutants

A

primary and secondary pollutants

62
Q

Enters the air directly most are released by human activities

A

primary pollutants

63
Q

Form from primary pollutants

A

secondary pollutants

64
Q

Caused by radioactive materials and can be human or natural

A

radiation pollution

65
Q

Composed of nuclear power stations and radium thorium and uranium

A

radioactive materials

66
Q

It is a threat to environmental and human beings

A

radiation pollution

67
Q

HRSA

A

health resources and services administration

68
Q

CDC

A

Centers for disease control and prevention

69
Q

They have articulated a vision of how their work can impact the broader determinants of health

A

HRSA and CDC

70
Q

It helps to protect and improve the health of communities through education and promotion of healthy lifestyles and re-search for disease and injury prevention

A

health resources and service administration

71
Q

A large number of international health agencies or organizations of various sizes provide international health assistance to improve long-term medical care in developing countries

A

national and international health services

72
Q

It is the leading and coordinating international health within the United Nations system

A

WHO world health organization

73
Q

It was established on 16 November 1945 it has 193 members countries and 7 associate members

A

UNESCO
united nationals educational scientific and cultural organization

74
Q

It is an international development agency that helps in the promotion of the right of women men and children by health and equal opportunity

A

UNFPA
united nations population fund activities

75
Q

To help build nations that can cope with crisis and sustain the kind of development that set everyone’s quality of life

A

UNDP
united nation development programme

76
Q

It is usually spent on procurement of supplies like xray units microscopes and antituberculosis drugs

A

SIDA
swedish international development agency

77
Q

It was established in 1945 and it leads international efforts to defeat hunger

A

FAO
food and agriculture organization

78
Q

Created in 1946 by the General assembly of the united nations to deal with the rehabilitation of children in war-torn countries

A

UNICEF
United national international childrens emergency fund

79
Q

the government of denmark has been supporting the development of services under national blindness control program since 1978

A

DANIDA
danish international development agency

80
Q

First commission began in 1951 as the nine member high authority under President

A

EUROPEAN COMMISSION
EC

81
Q

Eight bad in 1961 and it operates in New Delhi

A

USAID
united states agency for international development

82
Q

Promotes interest and support for economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific

A

colombo plan

83
Q

to Improve the working and living conditions of the working population all over the world

A

ILO
international labour organization

CPH LEC (3 decks)

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