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CPH LEC > 1st Trinal > Flashcards

1st Trinal Flashcards

1
Q

is a medical specialty that focuses on the physical and mental well-being of the people in a specific geographic region

A

Community Health

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2
Q

is the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities

A

public health

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3
Q

he defined public health as “the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the sanitation of the environment

A

charles-edward a. winslow 1920

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4
Q

what are the early concepts of disease?

A

hunter gatherers
mythology, superstition, and religion
agricultural revolution
the hippocratic corpus
the bubonic plague (1347-1700)

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5
Q

primary problem of humans was finding enough food to eat

A

hunter-gatherers

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6
Q

primitive people believed in natural spirits that were sometimes mischievous or vengeful

A

mythology, superstition, and religion

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7
Q

provided a more secure supply of food and enabled expansion of the population

A

agricultural revolution

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8
Q

an early attempt to think about diseases, not as punishment from the gods, but as an imbalance of man with the environement

A

the hippocratic corpus

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9
Q

an acute Infectious disease caused by the bacterium yersinia pestis

A

the bubonic plague 1347-1700

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10
Q

what is the bacterium that caused infectious disease in the bubonic plague 1347-1700

A

yersinia pestis

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11
Q

early ideas of health

A

girolamo fracastoro (1546)
john graunt- the bills of moratlity (1662)
anton van leeuwenhoek (1670)
john pringle and jail fever (1740)
james lind and scurvy (1754)
francois broussais and pierre louis (1832)

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12
Q

1546

A

girolamo fracastoro

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13
Q

the bills of mortality 1662

A

john graunt

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14
Q

1670

A

anton van leeuwenhoek

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15
Q

1740

A

john pringle and jail fever

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16
Q

1754

A

james lind and scurvy

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17
Q

1832

A

francois broussais and pierre louis

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18
Q

the year of the industrial revolution

A

1750-1900

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19
Q

the industrial revolution

A

mechanization
the enlightenment
science
migration to cities
utilitarianism
low farm wages
demand for products

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20
Q

is the late stage of HIV infection that occurs when the body’s immune system is badly damaged of the virus

A

AIDS Epidemic

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21
Q

in the spring of 1993, there was a widespread outbreak of acute watery diarrhea among the residence of Milwaukee

A

cryptosporidium in milwaukee water

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22
Q

the country was constantly ravaged by outbreaks of infectious disease, especially epidemic typhus with over 1 million people infected from 1907 to 1917

A

public health in russia

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23
Q

september 2001 has focused on the “war on terrorism” and on ensuring the safety of the nation

A

public health and terrorism

24
Q

views the biological, environmental, demographic,and technical conditions of the life of any people as an interrated series of determinants of form and function in human cultures and social systems

A

human ecology

25
Q

is the scientific Study of human populations

A

demography

26
Q

use census data, surveys, and statistical models to analyze the size,movement and structure of populations

A

demographers

27
Q

It is the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in specified populations

A

epidemiology

28
Q

it is the foundation of public health

A

epidemiology

29
Q

epi means

A

upon

30
Q

demos means

A

people

31
Q

logos means

A

the study of

32
Q

also known as the great hunger And Irish potato famine

A

the great famine

33
Q

total death in the great famine

A

1 million

34
Q

causative agent in the great famine

A

phytophthora infestans

35
Q

constantly present in a population or region with relatively low speed

A

endemic diease

36
Q

examples of endemic disease

A

malaria
HIV
syphilis

37
Q

Sudden increase in cases spreading through a large population

A

epidemic disease

38
Q

examples of epidemic disease

A

yellow fever
smallpox
west nile

39
Q

sudden Increase in cases across several countries, continents or the world 

A

pandemic disease

40
Q

examples of pandemic disease

A

covid-19
black death
flu pandemic

41
Q

he is the father of epidemiology 

A

john snow

42
Q

Called the 3W’s

A

Shoeleather epidemiology

43
Q

what are the 3 W

A

who is getting the disease
when is the disease occurring
where is the disease occurring

44
Q

it produces the worlds food, fiber and materials for shelter; in many countries it is also an important source of livelihood among the poor

A

good health

45
Q

including malnutrition, malaria, foodborne illnesses, HIV/AIDS, livestock related diseases, chronic diseases, and occupational ill-health

A

poor health

46
Q

defined as maximum number of years that a human can live

A

lifespan

47
Q

Average total number of years that a human can achieve and it reflects the mortality conditions of the period when the calculation is made

A

life expectancy

48
Q

Life expectancy examples

A

age
sex
age-specific death rates

49
Q

is the most common figure used in comparing the health of various populations

A

life expectancy at birth

50
Q

YPLL

A

Years of Potential Life Lost

51
Q

calculated by subtracting a persons age at death from predefined standard age

A

YPLL

52
Q

DALYs

A

Disability-adjusted life years

53
Q

measure for the burden of disease that takes into account premature death and lots of healthy life resulting from disability

A

DALYs

54
Q

the number of years healthyLife is expected on average in a given population or region of the world

A

HALE

55
Q

HALE

A

Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy

56
Q

HALE is also known as

A

healthy life expectancy

CPH LEC (3 decks)

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