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ARCH 350 > Final Vocab > Flashcards

Final Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

frigidarium

A

cold pool in roman bath

EXAMPLE: Baths of Diocletian

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2
Q

Ambulatory

A

A processional passageway around a shrine or flanking the apse of a Christian church
EXAMPLE: Santa Constanza

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3
Q

Finial

A

an ornament that tops a pinnacle, spire, or roof

EXAMPLE: shrine at Ise

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4
Q

mosque

A

religious islamic building compound

EXAMPLE: great mosque damascus

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5
Q

pagoda

A

multistoried chinese or Japanese prayer tower

EXAMPLE: The Fogong Si Pagoda

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6
Q

nave

A

taller central space in Roman basilica or christian church lit by clerestories and flanked by aisles
EXAMPLE: old st. peters

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7
Q

peristyle

A

roofed, columned porch or colonnade surrounding a building or courtyard
EXAMPLE: house of pansa

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8
Q

tablinium

A

owners office in Roman domus or house

EXAMPLE: house of pansa

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9
Q

quincunx

A

church plan with 9 bays and 4 domes placed symmetrically around a central dome; makes 5 domes
EXAMPLE: La Cattolica

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10
Q

Cardo

A

principal north-south street in a roman city

EXAMPLE: pompeii

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11
Q

villa

A

roman country house

EXAMPLE: house of pansa

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12
Q

Annular Vault

A

Curving vault set in a ring shape pattern

EXAMPLE: Santa Constanza

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13
Q

monastery

A

enclosure for a religious order living apart from society

EXAMPLE: caves at Karli

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14
Q

Chigi

A

forked roof finials on a japanese building

EXAMPLE: Shrine at Ise

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15
Q

Atrium

A

Main inner court of a Roman house with open roof and central basin (the impluvium) to catch water, or, the colonnaded forecourt of a Christian church
EXAMPLE: House of Pansa/St. Peter’s

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16
Q

Aqueduct

A

Artificial channel for water, sometimes underground but often elevated on arches
EXAMPLE: Pont du Gard

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17
Q

insula

A

roman city block or apartment building

EXAMPLE: pompeii

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18
Q

vihara

A

indian buddhist monastery

EXAMPLE: Buddhist cave temple at Karli

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19
Q

Amphitheater

A

Round, semicircular, or oval outdoor arena surrounded by rising tiers of seats
EXAMPLE: Colosseum

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20
Q

torana

A

decorated entrance gate to Buddhist shrine

EXAMPLE: The Great Stupa

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21
Q

Dou

A

impost block part of of the framing system used in chinese wood frame buildings
EXAMPLE: chinese pagoda

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22
Q

Bay

A

Regularly spaced spatial unit of a building or wall, defined by vaults, windows, orders, or other prominent vertical features
EXAMPLE:

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23
Q

shikhara

A

“sacred mountain” in tower form built over the most sacred precinct in a Hindu temple
EXAMPLE: rock cut hindu temple

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24
Q

narthex

A

vestibule of early christian church

EXAMPLE: old st. peters

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25
exedra
semi-circular or rectangular recess, sometimes with seating, for assembly, often roofed EXAMPLE: forum of Trajan
26
Shoden
most sacred part of a Japanese Shinto shrine | EXAMPLE: The Imperial Shinto Great Shrine
27
katsuogi
log weights placed perpendicular to roof ridge line on Japanese buildings EXAMPLE: Shrine at Ise
28
oculus
round opening or window usually at the apex of a dome | EXAMPLE: pantheon
29
talud
in meso-american architecture, sloping part of talus-tablero wall EXAMPLE: Pyramid of the Moon
30
Arcade
series of arches on columns or piers, either freestanding or attached to a wall EXAMPLE: St. Peter's
31
Forum
public civic and commercial open space in roman city, usually surrounded by colonnades and including a basilica and a temple EXAMPLE: pompeii
32
impluvium
courtyard surrounded by sloping roofs that drain into center small pool EXAMPLE: house of pansa
33
central plan
building plan that is symmetrical in all directions | EXAMPLE: Dome of the Rock
34
triclinium
roman dining room lined on 3 sides with dining couches | EXAMPLE: baths of diocletian
35
Caldarium
The hot water room in a roman bath | EXAMPLE: Baths of Diocletion
36
hipped roof
pitched roof with sloping gable ends | EXAMPLE: fogong si pagoda
37
eave
overhang of a sloping roof projecting beyond a wall | EXAMPLE: shrine at Ise
38
Aisle
A lateral division of a Christian church or an ancient Roman basilica running parallel to the central nave and separated from it by colonnades EXAMPLE: St. Peters
39
Drum
circular or polygonal enclosure supporting dome | EXAMPLE:
40
Bracket
Projection from a vertical surface providing support under beams, cornices, balconies, and window frames EXAMPLE: chinese pagoda
41
garbha griha
``` inner sanctum (womb) of a hindu temple in india, part of the shikhara (sacred mountain) EXAMPLE: Hindu rock-cut temples ```
42
minaret
tall, slender tower at mosque, from which the faithful are called to prayer EXAMPLE: Great Mosque at damascus
43
semidome
half dome, often used to cover an apsidal area | EXAMPLE: hagia sofia
44
Apse
Vaulted, semi-circular, or semi-polygonal space usually found at the sanctuary end of a Christian church EXAMPLE: St. Peter's
45
maksura
screened area near the mihrab niche in an islamic mosque for the elite EXAMPLE: Great Mosque at Damascus
46
kufic script
rectangular, intertwined lettering (calligraphy) used to decorate islamic religious buildings EXAMPLE: dome of the rock
47
Haram
large hypostyyle prayer hall in an islamic mosque | EXAMPLE: Great Mosque of Damascus
48
Squinch
a small arch or lintel forming part of a faceted circle that creates the transition from a square or octagonal plan to a dome EXAMPLE: Hagia Sofia
49
Barrel Vault
Long, rounded vault | EXAMPLE: Colosseum
50
Transept
transverse arms of a cross-shaped church near apse end | EXAMPLE: old st. peters
51
Torii
gateway to the Japanese Shinto shrine | EXAMPLE: The Imperial Shinto Great Shrine
52
triumphal arch
decorated roman gateway, usually freestanding, with one to 3 arches, marking the entry to a Roman town or the achievements of a Roman emperor EXAMPLE: arch of constantine
53
hypocaust
roman central heating system using hot air ducts in the floors of a building EXAMPLE: baths of diocletian
54
chaitya
indian buddhist cave temple or shrine carved out of a hillside with a nave, side aisles, and a stupa in the apse EXAMPLE: Buddhist cave temples at Karli
55
sahn
open courtyard of an islamic building | EXAMPLE: Great Mosque of damascus
56
necropolis
large, ancient, burial ground; city of the dead | EXAMPLE: Emperor Shi Huangdi's
57
tepidarium
room with lukewarm water in Roman baths | EXAMPLE: Baths of Diocletian
58
tablero
in Meso-American architecture, rectangular framed panel cantilevered over a sloping wall EXAMPLE: Pyramid of the Moon
59
mausoleum
a monumental tomb or building containing a tomb | EXAMPLE: santa constanza
60
Ablaq
Arabic term for alternating bands of colored stones in Islamic masonry derived from Byzantine opus mixtum EXAMPLE: Dome of the Rock
61
mosaic
surface decoration of small cubes of glass or stone set in mortar EXAMPLE: hagia sofia
62
domus
roman house for wealthy, usually served by an atrium, or impluvium court, and an enclosed garden EXAMPLE: house of panda
63
mihrab
niche in the qibla wall of a muslim religious building indicating direction towards Mecca EXAMPLE: Great Mosque at damascus
64
Spoila
building or decorative materials taken from other sites to be repurposed EXAMPLE: old st. peters
65
Basilica
Roman meeting hall, oblong in plan, with high central space lit by clerestories. Form of an early Christian church EXAMPLE: Basilica of Constantine
66
talud-tablero
slope and panel system of construction in Meso-America | EXAMPLE: Pyramid of the Moon
67
stupa
buddhist memorial mound that enshrines relics or marks a sacred site EXAMPLE: The Great Stupa
68
qibla/qibla wall
alignment axis towards mecca/wall set perpendicular to this axis EXAMPLE: great mosque of damascus
69
pendentive
triangular area that serves as transition between 4 columns and a dome EXAMPLE: hagia sofia
70
gong
bracket part of the framing system used in chinese wood-frame architecture EXAMPLE: chinese pagoda
71
Dougong
chinese cantilevered bracket or bracket system used to support a roof EXAMPLE: chinese pagoda

ARCH 350 (5 decks)

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