Final - Top Hat Q's

Question 1

The yeast two-hybrid test allows us to:

Answer 1

Examine a physical interaction of two proteins in the cell

Question 2

Through a ChIP assay, we can discover:

Answer 2

Many new genes potentially regulated by a given activator

Question 3

RNA-seq allows us the examine expression of:

Answer 3

All the genes of a given organism at once

Question 4

Base substitutions can occur anywhere in the genome. Let’s assume one base substitution occurred in a eukaryotic gene with two exons and one huge intron. What is most unlikely to cause a mutation?

Answer 4

One in the middle of the intron

Question 5

True or false: Any nonconservative missense mutation affects gene function equally.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

One of the most efficient ways to test a chemical compound for mutagenicity is to measure how many mutations you get by treating:

Answer 6

E. coli auxotroph

Question 7

UV irradiation often creates ____ to induce mutations.

Answer 7

Thymine dimers

Question 8

You are in an agriculture business. You have come up with an idea to make a hybrid fruit of plum and apricot. After cross-pollinating plum and apricot, you’d better treat germ-line cells with a chemical to duplicate the genome of these hybrid plants. What type of chemical is ideal to use?

Answer 8

Chemicals that prevent spindle formation

Question 9

Aneuploidy occurs due to:

Answer 9

Chromosomal nondisjunction

Question 10

What correctly describes outcomes of chromosomal rearrangements?

Answer 10

They may cause mutations depending on where breakpoints are

Question 11

A student in Dr. T’s genetics class brought in a male calico cat to class, claiming a grade of A in the class because Dr. T lied to the class. Note: Dr. T said that all calico cats are female loud and clear.

Answer 11

No, Dr. T did not lie. This “male” cat is a Klinefelter cat (XXY)

Question 12

Ethidium Bromide is a fluorescent dye to detect DNA molecule on a gel after electrophoresis. It inserts itself between the stacked nitrogenous bases. You must avoid direct contact with it because:

Answer 12

It potentially induces mutations

Question 13

Chemical reagents tested negative for mutagenic activity using E. coli can cause mutations in mammals such as mice and humans because:

Answer 13

Some of them are metabolized in the liver to produce metabolites, some of which are mutagenic

Question 14

True or False: All types of mutations can be reverted to WT by mutagens that induce base substitutions

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What would be an effective way to cancel the effect of the Ras^(G12V) oncogene?

Answer 15

Suppress one of kinases that relay the signal from Ras

Question 16

Oncogenes

Answer 16

• Their WT counterparts are essential for cell cycle progression
• They are dominant
• Ras^(G12V) is found in many cancer types

Question 17

Chromosome rearrangements can be observed under microscope if you prepare chromosomes from:

Answer 17

Cells during meiosis

Question 18

Chromosome rearrangements can cause

Answer 18

• Recessive mutations
• Dominant mutations

Question 19

XO (human) individuals are best described as:

Answer 19

Monosomic, having only one sex chromosome (and missing an X or Y chromosome)

Question 20

A likely explanation for an abnormal human phenotype associate with a trisomy is:

Answer 20

Altered gene dosage

Question 21

Trisomy is an example of:

Answer 21

Aneuploidy