Final Terms Flashcards
aisle
a passageway to either side of the nave that is separated from the nave by colonnades or arcades.
apse
A semicircular or polygonal projection of a building, usually vaulted and used especially at the sanctuary or the east end of a church to define the space for the altar. Also called the exedra
atrium: 2. the forecourt of an early Christian church, flanked or surrounded by porticos.
baldechino
an ornamental canopy of stone or marble permanently placed over the high altar in a church baptistery: A part of a church or a separate building in which the rite of baptism is administered.
basilica
An early Christian church, characterized by a long rectangular plan, a high colonnaded nave lit by a clerestory and covered by a timbered gable roof, two or four side aisles, a semicircular apse at the end, and a narthex
baray
a large shallow water tank, or reservoir and irrigation system for the watering of crops in Southeast Asia.
brackets
The Chinese wood roof structure system designed as a structural support of the roof and to resist earthquake forces
campo
the public square, or piazza of a medieval Italian city
cenote
The Mayan word for deep water-filled sinkholes that the Itza associated with the underworld.
chacmool
Toltec sacrificial altar in the shape of a reclining man
chancel
the space about the altar of the church for the clergy and choir, often elevated above the nave and separated by a rail or screen
chevet
(Fench for “headpiece”) the apse area of a French Gothic Cathedral
clerestory
The uppermost section of a church nave characterized by a series of large windows above the adjacent rooftops to admit daylight into the interior.
cupola
a light structure on a dome or roof, usually crowned with a dome and serving as a belfry, lantern, or belvedere.
coatepantli
the “snake wall” with decorative image of partly skeletonized men being devoured by snakes found in Toltec pyramids
colonette
small slender column often in the pier of a gothic church that visually traces the forces in the vaults overhead
didactic
intended to convey instruction and information as well as pleasure and entertainment
dome
a vaulted structure having a circular or polygonal plan and usually the form of a portion of a sphere, so constructed as to exert an equal thrust in all directions.
fang
urban neighborhood block in Chinese cities. Each fang was its miniature city with transportation networks, walls and towers
gable roof
A roof sloping downward in two parts from a central ridge so as to form a gable at each end.
groin-vault
a compound vault formed by the perpendicular intersection of two vaults forming arched diagonal arises called groins.
iwan
A large vaulted hall serving as an entrance portal into a courtyard: prevalent in Parthian, Sassanian and later in Islamic architecture.
lingam
literally, “phallus”, but also “mark” or “sign”; the symbol for the god Shiva
mandala
a Buddhist or Hindu diagram of the cosmos, often used as a guide for Indian temple plans.
mandapa
a pillared hall in front of the Hindu temple and sometimes connected to it
martyrium
- a site that bore witness to important events in the life of Christ or one of his apostles. 2. A place where relics of a martyr are kept. 3. A church erected over the tomb of a martyr or in honor of a martyr.
mendicant
religious orders who rely on charitable donations, and is most widely used for religious followers or ascetics who rely exclusively on charity to survive
mihrab
niche in the qibla wall of a mosque
minaret
the tower in the mosque from which the faithful are called to prayer.
narthex
- the portico before the nave of an early Christian or Byzantine church. 2. An entrance hall or vestibule leading to a church
nave
the principle or central part of a church extending from the narthex to the choir or chancel and usually flanked by aisles
proportion
in architecture it is a correspondence among the measures of the members of an entire work, and of the whole to a certain part selected as standard.
qibla
the mosque wall facing Mecca
refectory
is a dining room, especially in monasteries, boarding schools, and academic institutions.
rose window
a large circular window, usually of stained glass and decorated with tracery, symmetrical about the center.
shikhara
the tower of a Hindu temple, usually tapered convexly and capped by a amalaka.
transept
- The major transverse part of a cruciform church, crossing the main axis at a right angle between the nave and the choir. 2. Either of the projecting arms of this part, on either side of the central aisle (nave) of the church.
triforium
the arcaded wall corresponding to the space between the vaulting and the roof of an aisle, usually opening to the nave.
typanum
the recessed triangular space enclosed by the raking cornices of a triangular pediment, often decorated with sculpture.
vihara
Buddhist monk dormitory
