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Intro To Forensic Science > Final Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

What does forensic mean?

A

“Public”

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2
Q

(Find) What are forensic scientist responsibilities?

A
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3
Q

(Find) How do you become a forensic scientist?

A
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4
Q

Public forensic lab

A

Only for the use of state prosecutors, police, and detectives (government use only). Can provide different types of services.

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5
Q

Private forensic lab

A

Independently own and operated, use available to the public, generally only provides one type of service.

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6
Q

(Find) What happens at a crime scene?

A
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7
Q

(Find) What is the chain of custody?

A
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8
Q

What are ethical issues that forensic scientists deal with?

A

Both science and laboratory ethical issues; laboratory analytical procedures, professional credentials, reporting and interpretation, reactive vs. proactive, crime scene participation limited, seen as law enforcement tool, managed by police personnel

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9
Q

What is quality assurance control?

A

Set of processes that can evaluate a laboratory and its personnel to determine if they are achieving or maintaining a given level of quality.

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10
Q

ASCLD

A

American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors; nonprofit society of directors aimed at improving and maintaining quality and standards of forensic science labs.

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11
Q

ABC

A

American Board of Criminalists; Accredits forensic scientists

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12
Q

OSAC

A

Organization of Scientific Area Committees; Support development of forensic science through specific committees aimed at various areas and issues.

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13
Q

AAFS

A

American Academy of Forensic Science; Developed forensic science code of ethics.

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14
Q

FEPAC

A

Forensic Science Education Programs Accreditation Commission; provided accreditation to forensic schools and programs.

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15
Q

ASTM

A

American Society for Testing Materials; Developes and provides standard testing materials and products.

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16
Q

ANAB

A

American national standards institute national accreditation board; Accredits forensic science labs.

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17
Q

What is demonstrative evidence?

A
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18
Q

What is Locard’s principle?

A
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19
Q

What are false positives and negatives?

A
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20
Q

What are negative and positive controls?

A
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21
Q

How can evidence be individualized?

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22
Q

What is real vs. demonstrative evidence?

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23
Q

Who makes the decision of evidence validity?

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24
Q

Who decides if an expert testimony is needed?

A
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25
Q

What is admissibility of evidence?

A
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26
Q

Federal Rule of Evidence 401

A
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27
Q

Federal Rule of Evidence 402

A
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28
Q

Federal Rule of Evidence 403

A
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29
Q

Federal Rule of Evidence 702

A
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30
Q

Explain the Frye case.

A
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31
Q

Explain the Daubert case.

A
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32
Q

When is an autopsy done?

A
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33
Q

What is done during an autopsy?

A
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34
Q

How does the subpubic bone determine sex?

A
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35
Q

What parts of an anthropological can and can not be determined?

A
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36
Q

Taphonomy

A
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37
Q

Anthropology

A
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38
Q

How are skeletal remains excavated and recovered?

A
39
Q

How do human and animal bones differ?

A
40
Q

What is used to determine between human and animal bones?

A
41
Q

Rigor mortis

A
42
Q

Pallor mortis

A
43
Q

Liver mortis

A
44
Q

Petechiae

A
45
Q

Algor mortis

A
46
Q

Stages of death

A
47
Q

Manner of death

A
48
Q

Cause of death

A
49
Q

Modes of death

A
50
Q

Factors of estimated pmi

A
51
Q

What is the most influential factor of estimating PMI?

A

Temperature?

52
Q

What does a forensic entomologist do?

A
53
Q

Stages of decay

A
54
Q

What animal model is used to represent human decomposition?

A

Pig

55
Q

How are bones used to calculate victim’s height?

A
56
Q

What is an instar?

A
57
Q

What are the stages of instar?

A
58
Q

How can you calculate PMI with maggots sizes?

A
59
Q

What are the most common insects found on dead bodies?

A
60
Q

What order do insects arrive and a dead body and why?

A
61
Q

Odontology

A
62
Q

What are common sources of impression evidence?

A
63
Q

What is a 2D and 3D impression and how are they handled at crime scenes?

A
64
Q

How are serial numbers restored in different types of materials?

A
65
Q

What type of casting is used for different types of impression media?

A
66
Q

Positive impression

A
67
Q

Negative impression

A
68
Q

What is rifling?

A
69
Q

What are striations?

A
70
Q

How is firearm/toolmark evidence analyzed and what is determined?

A
71
Q

What do firearm/toolmark examiners do?

A
72
Q

Latent prints

A
73
Q

Patent prints

A
74
Q

Plastic prints

A
75
Q

How are fingerprints individualized?

A
76
Q

How are fingerprints left behind?

A
77
Q

How is handwriting diguised?

A
78
Q

Difference between request and non request exemplar?

A
79
Q

What causes eraseres in documents and how is it detected/restored?

A
80
Q

What causes obliteration in documents and how is it detected/restored?

A
81
Q

What causes charring in documents and how is it detected/restored?

A
82
Q

What causes indent writing in documents and how is it detected/restored?

A
83
Q

Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA)

A
84
Q

Alternating Light Source (UV/IR)

A
85
Q

Types of computers involved in crime casework

A
86
Q

What is the first step in analyzing a crime scene?

A
87
Q

What are the different types of computer crimes?

A
88
Q

Hardware

A
89
Q

Software

A
90
Q

What are the proper procedures when handing computer evidence?

A
91
Q

Examples of “mobile” devices

A
92
Q

How are mobile devices used in forensic analysis?

A
93
Q

What types of evidence can be identified on a mobile device?

A

Intro To Forensic Science (6 decks)

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