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Intro To Forensic Science > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Forensic Science

A

The application of science to matters involving the criminal and civic justice systems and court.

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2
Q

What does the root of forensic mean?

A

“public”

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3
Q

Private Forensic Science Labratories

A

Specialize in 1-2 types of evidence, serve the public, independently owned. (Universities)

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4
Q

Public Forensic Science Labratories

A

Test many types of evidence, not open for public use only that of the government. (FBI forensics lab)

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5
Q

Forensic Scientists Duty

A
  1. Preform scientific analysis of evidence and give expert testimony in legal proceedings
  2. Understand methods and requirements of good science
  3. Knowledge of specific techniques used in particular disciplines
  4. Know rules of evidence and court procedures
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6
Q

ANAB

A

ANSI National Accreditation Board

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7
Q

ASCLD

A

American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors

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8
Q

ASTM

A

American Society for Testing Materials

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9
Q

ISO

A

International Organization for Standardization

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10
Q

ABC

A

American Board of Criminalists

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11
Q

AAFS

A

American Academy of Forensic Science

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12
Q

FEPAC

A

Forensic Science Education Programs Accreditation Commission

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13
Q

OSAC

A

Organization of Scientific Area Committees

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14
Q

Bias

A

Preference for or against a person, thing, group, idea, or behavior.

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15
Q

Do humans have the ability to turn off their own bias?

A

No

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16
Q

What are the 3 types of bias?

A

Cognitive, contextual, and confirmation

17
Q

Why are there ethical issues in forensic laboratory analytical procedures?

A

While there are set standards, forensic scientists are not required to use them?

18
Q

Forensic Criminalistics

A

Physical evidence obtained from crime scenes.

19
Q

Forensic Pathology/Biology

A

Physicians who determine cause and manner of death.

20
Q

Forensic Odontology

A

Use dental records in identification.

21
Q

Forensic Anthroplogy

A

Analysis of skeletal remains.

22
Q

Forensic Jurisprudence

A

Application of forensic science to law.

23
Q

Forensic Questioned Documents

A

Authentication of written documents, money, identification cards, etc.

24
Q

Forensic Nursing Science

A

Application of scientific expertise, technical assistance, medicolegal education, and research pertaining the the consequences of human violence and social justice.

25
Q

Forensic Engineering Sciences

A

Investigate structural failures and reconstruct accidents.

26
Q

Forensic Toxicology

A

Identify drugs and poisons in the body, aid forensic pathologists.

27
Q

Forensic Psychiatry and Behavioral Science

A

Preform polygraph, psychological crime scene investigation, and psychological profiling.

28
Q

Forensic Digital and Multimedia Sciences

A

Study digital and multimedia evidence.

29
Q

General Forensic Science Branches

A

Crime scene investigators, forensic vets, educators, forensic entomologists, etc.

30
Q

FRE 104a

A

Court does preliminary questioning concerning qualification of witnesses, existence of privilege, and admissibility of evidence.

31
Q

FRE 401

A

Defines relevance, or the tendency to make the existence of any fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence.

32
Q

FRE 402

A

If evidence is NOT relevant it is NOT admissible

33
Q

FRE 403

A

Non-probative evidence can be excluded (if the evidence was not collected under the correct means).

34
Q

FRE 701

A

A non-expert witness testimony is limited to only being opinions and perceptions, NOT FACTS

35
Q

FRE 702

A

If evidence is presented by an expert witness it is based on facts and reliable methods.

36
Q

FRE 703

A

Expert witnesses can give opinions.

37
Q

4th Amendment

A

Unreasonable searches and seizures are not allowed and can not be used as evidence in court (evidence found without a search warrant).

38
Q

5th Amendment

A

You can not tried for the same thing twice, or be forced to act as a witness against himself.

39
Q

6th Amendment

A

Right to speedy and public trial, an impartial jury, in the state the crime was committed.

Intro To Forensic Science (6 decks)

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