Final - Sampling

Question 1

Availability Sampling

Answer 1

Sampling Method in Which elements are selected on the basis of convenience.

Question 2

Cluster

Answer 2

A naturally occurring, mixed aggregate of elements of the population.

Question 3

Cluster Sampling

Answer 3

Sampling Method in which elements are selected in two or more stages, with the first stage being the random selection of naturally occurring clusters and the last stage being the random selection of elements within clusters.

Question 4

Confidence Level

Answer 4

The Range of values within which the true population value will fall. Often a 85% confidence interval is used; this means that the researcher is 95% certain that the true population value falls within the range.

Question 5

Confidence Limits

Answer 5

The Upper and lower limits of the confidence interval

Question 6

Disproporionate Stratifed Sampling

Answer 6

Sampling in which elements are selected from strata in different proportions from those that appear in the population.

Question 7

Elements

Answer 7

The individual members of the population whose charecteristics are to be measured.

Question 8

Enumeration Units

Answer 8

Units that contain one or more elements and that are listed in a sampling frame.

Question 9

Nonprobablity Sampling Methods

Answer 9

Sampling Methods in Which the probability of selection of population elements is unknown.

Question 10

Population

Answer 10

Entire set of individuals or other entities to which study findings are to be generalized.

Question 11

Probability of Selection

Answer 11

The likelihood that an element will be selected from the population for inclusion in the sample.

Question 12

Probablity Sampling Methods

Answer 12

Sampling methods that rely on a random or chance selection method so that the probability of selection of population elements is known.

Question 13

Proportionate Stratified sampling

Answer 13

Sampling method in which elements are selected from strata in exact proportion to their representation in the population.

Question 14

Purposive Sampling

Answer 14

A nonprobability sampling method in which elements are selected for a purpose, usually because of their unique position.

Question 15

Quota Sampling

Answer 15

A nonprobability sampling method in which elemnts are selected to ensure that the sample represents certain chracteristics in proportion to their prevalence in the population.

Question 16

Random Digit Dialing

Answer 16

Random dialing by a machine of numbers within designated phone prefixes, which creates a random sample for phone surveys.

Question 17

Random Numbers Table

Answer 17

table with lists of numbers ordered solely on the basis of chance; it is used for drawing a random sample.

Question 18

Representative Sample

Answer 18

A sample that “looks like” the population from which it was selected in all respects potetially relevant to the study. The distribution of characteristics among the elements of a representative sample is the same as the distribution of those characteristics among the total population. In an unrepresentative sample, some characteristics are overrepresented or underresentd.

Question 19

Sample

Answer 19

A subset of a population that is used to study the population as a whole.

Question 20

Sample Statistic

Answer 20

Value of a statistic, such as a mean, computed from sample data.

Question 21

Sampling Distribution

Answer 21

Hypothetical distribution of a statistic across all the random samples that could be drawn from a population.

Question 22

Sampling Error

Answer 22

Any difference between the characteristics of a sample and the characteristics of a population. The larger the sample error, the less representative the sample.

Question 23

Sampling Frame

Answer 23

A list of all elements or other units containing the elements in a population

Question 24

Sampling Interval

Answer 24

The number of cases from one sampled case to another in a systematic random sample.

Question 25

Sampling units

Answer 25

Units listed at each stage of a multistage sampling design.

Question 26

Simple random Sampling

Answer 26

Method of sampling in which every sample element is selected only on the basis of chance through a random process.

Question 27

Snowball Sampling

Answer 27

Method of Sampling in which sample elements are selected as they are identified by successive informants or interviewees.

Question 28

Statistical Power Analysis

Answer 28

Method to determine sample size necessary to test the effect of the independent variable.

Question 29

Systematic Bias

Answer 29

Overrepresentation or underrepresentation of some population characteristics due to the method used to select the sample.

Question 30

Systemactic Random Sampling

Answer 30

Method of sampling in which sample elements are selected from a list or from sequential files, with every nth element being selected after the first element is selected randomly within the first interval.

Question 31

Target Population

Answer 31

set of elements larger than or different from the population sampled and to which the researcher would like to generalize study findings.

Question 32

True Value

Answer 32

The real score on some measure, not the observed value obtained through the measurement process.