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Zak, Physiology > Final Review: Pulmonary Ventilation > Flashcards

Final Review: Pulmonary Ventilation Flashcards

0
Q

Bronchi contain _______, while bronchioles do not.

A

Cartilaginous plates

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1
Q

What produces a strong cough reflex?

A

Carina (located at the bifurcation of the trachea into two primary bronchi)

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2
Q

What is vital lung capacity?

A

= Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

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3
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

The volume of air inspired or expired with each breath at rest (500ml)

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4
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

A

Volume of air inspired in addition to tidal volume, due to forceful inspiration (3000ml)

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5
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume?

A

Additional volume of air expired at end of tidal volume with forceful inspiration (1100ml)

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6
Q

What is residual volume?

A

Volume of air in lungs after forceful expiration (1200ml)

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7
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

Sum of all volumes expired or inhaled (4600ml)

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8
Q

What is total lung capacity?

A

Vital capacity + residual volume = sum of all volumes (5800ml)

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9
Q

What is alveolar ventilation?

A

Total volume of gases that enter spaces in gas exchange/minute

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10
Q

What does anatomic dead space include?

A

Space in trachea, bronchi, & bronchioles

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11
Q

What does physiological dead space include?

A

Anatomical dead space + ventilated alveoli with poor/absent perfusion

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12
Q

What is the normal total dead space in a person?

A

0.15 Liters

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13
Q

What is pleural pressure?

A

Pressure of fluid between parietal pleura & visceral pleura

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14
Q

What is alveolar pressure?

A

Pressure of air inside alveoli

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15
Q

What is transpulmonary pressure?

A

Difference between alveolar pressure & pleural pressure

16
Q

During inspiration what does pleural pressure =?

A

-5 to -7.5 cm H2O

17
Q

During expiration, what does pleural pressure =?

A

-7.5 to -5 cm H2O

18
Q

During inspiration, what does alveolar pressure =?

A

0 to -1 cm H2O

19
Q

During expiration, what does alveolar pressure =?

A

0 to +1 cm H2O

20
Q

What is minute ventilation equal to?

A

Tidal volume x Respiration rate

21
Q

What is the surface tension pressure in the average alveolus with surfactant?

A

4 cm

22
Q

What is the surface tension pressure in the average alveolus without surfactant?

A

18 cm

23
Q

What is compliance directly proportional to?

A

Distensibility & volume

24
Q

What is compliance indirectly proportional to?

A

Pressure

25
Q

What is compliance?

A

Volume by which the lungs & thorax increase for each unit pressure change in transpulmonary pressure

Zak, Physiology (20 decks)

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