Final Review Flashcards
Cold War
The period of intense political and military rivalry between the United States and Russia that existed between 1945-1991.
Yalta Conference
Meeting of The Allies to determine the future of post war Europe following the defeat of Germany.
The President at the time of the Cold War
Truman
Satellite Nation
A nation whose policies and governments were controlled by Russia. (These included Poland, Czechoslovakia, Albania, Hungary, and East Germany.)
Iron Curtain
The Russians cutting the nations of Eastern Europe off from all contact/information with the West.
The Marshall Plan
USA’s aid of over $13 billion in 4 years to help rebuild Europe’s economies and restore faith in capitalism.
Containment
The policy that the US would aid any country threatened by communist takeover.
NATO
A military alliance of the Western powers to resist the spread of communism.
Berlin Airlift
US flying vital fuel and food into West Berlin over a communist blockade.
Arms Race
Competition between the United States and Soviet Union to create more powerful armed forces and weapons, especially nuclear bombs.
Israel
The Jewish state.
Zionism
Desire for a Jewish homeland.
Balfour Declaration
A private letter (written by an English Foreign Secretary) that supported the establishment of a Jewish state, so long as the rights of non-Jewish residents were protected.
UN Partition Plan
A proposal of boundaries for Jewish and Palestinians states.
Jerusalem
A holy city to Jews, Christians and Moslems
Define nationalism (there are two definitions)
Feeling of loyalty and pride in country as a whole; desire for an independent state
Who was the leader of the unification of Germany?
Bismark
What was Bismark’s policy for unification?
“Blood and iron”
What was the most important war Bismarck fought?
The Franco-Prussian war
What was included in the Treaty of Frankfort?
Alsace and Lorraine go back to France, and Germany must pay an indemnity.
What three countries were part of the Triple Entente?
France, Russia (causing a two front war) and England
What three countries were part of the Triple Alliance?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
Define militarism
The development of a country around a military, and the desire to use it.
What was the Von Schlieffen Plan?
A way of dealing with a two-front war, it required that France be defeated in 6 weeks, and then Germany can fight Russia.
Who was the Austrian Archduke who was assassinated?
Franz Ferdinand
Define ultimatum
A set of demands that cannot be negotiated and must be agreed to within a certain time.
Define mobilization
The movement/ equipment of troops
What were the five weapons first used in WWI?
Tanks, planes, submarines, machine guns, and poison gases.
Pogrom
Condoned attack by mobs on the Jews
First communist leader of Russia
Lenin
Who were three significant leaders of china?
Chaing Kai-Shek, Mao Zedong, and Deng Xiaping
Who was Chaing Kai-Shek?
Leader of nationalist china who loses civil war and flees to Taiwan
Who was Mao Zedong?
The man who turned China communism
Who was Deng Xiaping?
The man who takes elements of capitalism into communism, meaning private ownership
What country did Russia try to invade, but failed?
Afghanistan
Who was the leader of the party that fought the Russians in Afghanistan?
Osama bin Laden
Define embargo
An official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.
Define Middle Kingdom
The Chinese thought that they were the best of the civilizations, and they thought they were as developed as man could be
Define purge
A mass killing of members of one own’s party
Define conscription
A decree that Germany would no longer observe the restrictions placed on it by the Treaty of Versailles
Define appeasement
Giving into the demands of an aggressive power, in order to avoid war
Define Opium War
Two wars between China and Britain resulting from the Chinese refusal to allow the importation of opium.
Define domino theory
The belief that if one nation fell to communism, other neighboring countries would
Who was the leader of communist Cuba?
Fidel Castro
Who was Mikhail Gorbachev?
The last communist leader of Russia, and the man who surrendered to Afghanistan
