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PD > final review > Flashcards

final review Flashcards

final exam

1
Q

Pes anserina Bursa

A

bursa behind the semitendenosus, gracilis and sartorius

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2
Q

Housemaids knee

A

pre-patellar bursitis

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3
Q

valgus stress

A

MCL

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4
Q

varus stress

A

LCL

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5
Q

Anterior drawer/ lachman

A

ACL

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6
Q

posterior drawer

A

PCL

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7
Q

McMurray

A

meniscus medial and lateral

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8
Q

patellar apprehension

A

patellar subluxation/dislocation

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9
Q

effusion

A

milking, patellar ballotment

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10
Q

action and muscles:

C5

A

shoulder abduction

deltoid/ supraspinatous

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11
Q

action and muscles:

C6

A

biceps

brachialis/ biceps C5, 6

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12
Q

action and muscles:

C7

A

triceps

triceps c7

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13
Q

action and muscles:

C8

A

finger flex

FDS/FDP/lumbricals C8

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14
Q

action and muscles:

T1

A

finger intrinsics

dorsal/palmar interossei T1

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15
Q

action and muscles:

L1

A

hip flexion

iliopsoas L1-3

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16
Q

action and muscles:

L2

A

hip adduction

adductor longus L2-4

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17
Q

action and muscles:

L3

A

lower leg extension

quad L2-4

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18
Q

action and muscles:

L4

A

foot dorsiflexion

anterior tibialis L4

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19
Q

action and muscles:

L5

A

big toe dorsiflexion

extensor hallucis longus L5

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20
Q

action and muscles:

S1

A

foot plantarflexion

soleus/gastroc S1-S2

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21
Q

Piriformis Syndrome

A

compression of the sciatic nerve at sciatic notch

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22
Q

Stensen’s duct is found on

A

opposite 2nd maxillary molar

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23
Q

cobblestoning

A

lymphatics

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24
Q

medial ligaments of ankle

A

deltoid

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25
Q

lateral ligaments of ankle

A

anterior talofibular ligament

posterior talofibular ligament

calcaneofibular ligament

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26
Q

inversion ankle injury

A

lateral malleolus
navicular
5th metatarsal base

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27
Q

glaucoma what ratio is increased

A

increased cup to disc ratio

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28
Q

possible reasons of why there is an absent red reflex

A
  • retinoblastoma

- congenital cataract

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29
Q

Horner’s syndrome symptoms

A
  • miosis
  • ptosis
  • anhydrosis
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30
Q

kernig test for

A

meningeal irritation

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31
Q

brudzinski test for

A

meningeal irritation

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32
Q

pterygium

A

conjunctival growth- benign

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33
Q

anisicoria

A

traumatic mydriasis

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34
Q

optic neuritis might result in

A

papilledema

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35
Q

special test of the hip

A

FABER/patrick

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36
Q

motion of supraspinatus

A

abduction

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37
Q

motion of infraspinatus

A

external rotation

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38
Q

motion of subscapularis

A

internal rotation

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39
Q

motion of teres minor

A

extension and external rotation

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40
Q

motion for medial nerve

A

wrist flexion

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41
Q

motion for radial nerve

A

wrist extensor

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42
Q

motion of ulnar nerve

A

finger adduction

43
Q

elbow integrated function

A

tinel

44
Q

elbow special test for elbow

A

medial/lateral epicondylitis

45
Q

hand special test

A

tinel
phalen
finkelstein

46
Q

A wave

A

right atrial contraction

47
Q

X-descent

A

right atrial relaxation, ventricular contraction

48
Q

V-wave

A

right atrial filling

49
Q

Y descent

A

opening of tricuspid valve and passive right ventricular filling

50
Q

Aortic stenosis

A
  • upper sternal border
  • radiate to carotid
  • crescendo/decrescendo
51
Q

aortic regurgitation

A
  • left parasternal border

- decrescendo

52
Q

mitral stenosis

A
  • radiate to axilla
  • opening snap
  • decrescendo
53
Q

mitral regurgitation

A
  • left axilla

- holosystolic

54
Q

tricuspid stenosis

A
  • left sternal border

- split S1

55
Q

tricuspid regurgitation

A
  • right sternal border
  • radiates up
  • holosystolic
56
Q

pulmonic stenosis

A

2nd intercostal space, left sternal border

  • radiates to back
  • crescendo/decrescendo
57
Q

pulmonic regurgitation

A
  • left lower sternal border

- decresendo

58
Q

what transmits sound better

air or fluid?

A

fluid transmits sound better than air as long as they are in contact with the airspace

59
Q

tactile fremitus

increased?

decreased?

A

increased in conditions that enhance sound flow like alveolar pneumonia

decreased in conditions that block sound flow like masses or pleural effusions

60
Q

percussion is increased in

A

COPD and markedly so in pheumothorax

61
Q

is C wave visible on a normal patient exam?

A

Nope

62
Q

S1 comes after

A

a wave

63
Q

S2 comes before the

A

v wave

64
Q

broncophony, whispered pectoriloquy, egophony when positive shows that there is a

A

increased transmission of sound through fluid in consolidated air spaces

65
Q

locations of normal breath sounds

A
  • tracheal
  • bronchial
  • bronchovesicular
  • vesicular
66
Q

abnormal pulmonary sounds

A
  • stridor- airway obstruction
  • wheezing - respiratory airway
  • rales - alveolar
  • ronchi - large ariways
67
Q

shifting dullness

A

ascites

68
Q

mood

A

described by patient

69
Q

affect

A

observation by the physician

70
Q

4 affect terms

A
  • range
  • intensity
  • appropriateness
  • relatedness
71
Q

5 parameters of speech

A
  • amount
  • speed
  • volume
  • clarity
  • fluency
72
Q

3 parameters of language

A
  • complexity
  • comprehension
  • coherence
73
Q

thought process

A
  • relevance and logical connections between thoughts

- tengenital, lossening of associations

74
Q

thought content

A
  • what patient thinks about

- delusions and obsessions

75
Q

weber

A

lateralization

76
Q

Rinne

A

air conduction>bone conduction

77
Q 
Reflexes are graded on a 0-4 scale:
0 – 
1 – 
2 –
3 – 
4 –
A 
0 – No response
1 – Diminished
2 – Normal
3 – Increased
4 – Hyperactive
78
Q

XI. Spinal

Accessory

A

● Head, neck, and
shoulder movement
● phonation
Ask patient to elevate shoulders against resistance

79
Q

XII. Hypoglossal

A

Tongue movement Ask patient to stick out tongue, looking for deviation to
one side

80
Q

X. Vagus

A 
● Taste; sensation of pharynx,
larynx, and ear
● swallowing
● parasympathetic to
heart and abdominal
viscera
● phonation
Test by listening to the patient speak.
81
Q

Gag reflex

A

afferent: 9
efferent: 10

82
Q

IX. Glossopharyngeal

A 
● Taste posterior 1/3
tongue
● sensation of pharynx
and ear
● parotid gland secretion
● elevate palate
● Test the gag reflex;  Ask patient to say “Ahhhh” and watch palate
elevation.
83
Q

VIII.

Vestibulocochlear

A

● Hearing
● equilibrium
● Complete auditory and bone and air conduction tests
for hearing (Weber and Rinne)
● Test balance by asking patient to stand on one foot
and close eyes.

84
Q

VII. Facial

A 
● Facial expression
● taste anterior 2/3
tongue
● lacrimal,
submandibular, and
sublingual gland secretion
● sensation of palate and
external ear
● Motor function: the patient is asked to bare teeth,
puff out checks, and close eyes against resistance while
examining for asymmetry.
● Sensation: have patient taste salty, sweet, sour and
bitter substances on the anterior tongue
85
Q

VI. Abducens*

A

Eye movement – lateral rectus

est lateral deviation of eye.

86
Q

V. Trigeminal

A

● Chewing
● general sensation of
face, scalp, and teeth
● Motor function: have patient clench her teeth and
look and feel temporal and masseter muscles.
● Sensation testing: using a cotton swab or finger on
the forehead, cheeks, and jaw, test the ophthalmic,
maxillary, and mandibular divisions.
● Corneal reflex tests V and VII.

87
Q

IV. Trochlear*

A

Eye movement – superior

oblique Have patient look downward and inward

88
Q

III. Oculomotor

A 
● Eye movement –
medial, superior, inferior
rectus, inferior oblique
● pupillary constriction
● accommodation
● upper eyelid
movement
● Have patient open eye and look up.
● Test for pupillary light reflex
89
Q

II. Optic

A

Vision Test visual acuity.

90
Q

I. Olfactory

A

Smell Have patient smell something such as cinnamon or

vanilla.

91
Q

rales

A

alveoli

92
Q

wheezes

A

bronchi

93
Q

stridor

A

upper airways

94
Q

pleural rubes

A

pleura

95
Q

global reduction in amount of thought

A

poverty of thought

thought process: the amount of thinking that the patient is engaged in

96
Q

thought restricted to a limited set of ideas

A

thought preservation

thought process: the amount of thinking that the patient is engaged in

97
Q

continuous flow of speech/thought that jumps from topic to topic; a series of loose associations or tangenital thought

A

flight of ideas

thought process: tempo

98
Q

thought proceeds slowly with limited associations

A

retarded thinking

thought process: tempo

99
Q

follows a logical, progressive course

A

linear thought

thought process: form/coherence

100
Q

a symptom of disordered thought marked by tedious, unnecessary detail but where the speaker eventually reaches the point

A

circumstantial

thought process: form/coherence

101
Q

subsequent thoughts are linked but proceed in a new or different direction

A

tangential

thought process: form/coherence

102
Q

jumping from subject to subject w/out apparent logical pr sequential connections to the listener

A

loosening of associations

thought process: form/coherence

103
Q

words/phrases connected due to characteristics of the words themselves (rhyming/pruning) rather than meaning they convey

A

clang associations

thought process: form/coherence

PD (9 decks)

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