Final review Flashcards
Gingivoplasty is performed only when hyperplastic gingiva is present. True or False?
True
The most common indication for root canal therapy is a cavity. True or False?
False
A wry bite is the abnormal occlusion caused by the lower jaw being narrower than the upper jaw. True or False?
False - wry bite is different length of the two jaws and is genetically transmitted.
Compared to extractions, standard root canal thereapy is less traumatic for the patient. True or False?
True
Client home care education should begin before the procedure is done. True or False?
True
Malocculsions are rare in ferrets. True or False?
True
Food and water should be restricted for 8 hours before anesthesia in rodents and lagomorphs. True or False?
False - not recommended at all.
The periodontal flaps are created to expose What and associated What?
root and bone
Vital pulpotomy is indicated within how many hours of the fracture of a mature tooth?
48 hours
What are made for orthodontic evaluation & treatment and the manufacture of restorative crowns?
Dental models
Lagomorphs have what type of teeth.
Hypsodont
Rodents may have what type of teeth?
Hypsodont and brachydont.
Most common oral problem in ferrets is tooth what? Because what tooth appears longer than normal?
Extrusion / canine
Tooth brushes, CET paste, good dient all aid in the control of what?
plaque
What are aradicular hypsodont teeth?
Teeth that grow continuously
What are the two categories of malocclusion in pocket pets?
traumatic and atraumatic
Which organiation was formed to test home-care products and rate their efficancy?
Veterinary Oral Health Coalition (VOHC)
List three advantages to root canal therapy
More asthetically pleasing to clients
Less trauma to the patient
Return to routine quicker
Barbed broaches, gutta-percha, and pluggers are materials used during what procedure?
Root canals
What is an oronasal fistula?
An abnormal hole between the nasal cavity and oral cavity.
Describe the three stages of orthodontic correction.
1st - impression and dental model are made, and the appliance is created.
2nd stage - appliance is placed in patient’s mouth.
3rd stage - Revomal of appliance
Antibiotics should not be used on dental patients because it would ruin the natural bacteria in the mouth. True or False?
False
The ultrasonic scaler is designed to remove large chucks of tarter. True or False?
False
Calculus removal forceps are a quick and easy way of removing subgingaval calculus. True or False?
False - it is only supragingival
Root planing is the removal of calculus and cementum from the root surface. True or False?
True
You should not use the ultrasonic scaler for root planing. True or False?
False
Which technique is best used for a tooth extraction?
rotational
To protect the tooth during ultrasonic scaling one should use?
Constant irrigation
In a radiograph which part of the tooth can we potentially exclude
Crown
To split a multirooted tooth we cut the tooth from the crown to the ?
Furcation
Periodontal ? is the treatment of gingival and periodontal inflammation
Debridement
What is performed on patients with stage 1 or 2 periodontal disese. While ? is performed on patients with stages 3 or 4 periodontal disease.
Prophylaxis and Periodontal therapy
Ultrasonic instruments can damange teeth by mechanical what or thermal what
Mecannical etching / thermal heating
What is used to prevent over heating and pulp damage?
Water
Know the 13 steps of a dental prophy.
- Exam
- Oral exam/rinse
- before photos
- charting
- Radiographs
- plan
- Periodontal therapy / exodontics
- Clean teeth
- Post radiographs
- Polish
- Irrrigate
- After photos
- Sealant/fluoride
What is the purpose of polishing teeth after a dental cleaning , and why do we use paste?
To create a smooth surface. The paste helps create the smooth surface and helps prevent too much heat.
What is the maximum amount of time the ultrasonic scaler should be on a tooth?
15 seconds, but 5 seconds is better.
Dental radiographs are part of a patients legal medical record. True or False?
True
Once the patinet’s ET has been removed monitoring is no longer needed. True or False?
False
The parallel technique is used to take radiographs of the posterior maxillary teeth. True or False?
False
Eye position can helpyou determine the patients plane of anesthesia. True or False?
True
A cuffed ET should always be used during a dental procedure. True or False?
True
Teh infraorbital foramen is the only area used in dentistry for local nerve blocks. True or False?
False - Infraorbital foramen, mandibular nerve block, and mental foramina
Most patients are placed in dorsal recumbancy for a dental procedure. True or False?
False - lateral recumbancy
When using hand-held instruments you should hold the instrument like you a scalpel blade handle. True or False?
False - modified pen grip is used.
The bisecting angle technique states that the x-ray beam should be 90 degrees to what?
The bisecting angle
during dental procedures which aspect of anesthesia is especially crucial
Patient monitoring
What can you use to maintain a patient’s temperature during a dental procedure
Towels, heating units, warm IV fluids, Bain’s tubing
What are used to help seperate the periodontal ligament and raise the tooth’s root from the socket.
Elevator
If your radiograpyhic image displays elongation you should do what?
Aim more at the bisecting angle
Which drug is commonly used for local nerve blocks?
Bupivacaine
What material can be placed int he back of the oral cavity to help protect the airway?
4x4 gauze
Scalers have how many sharp sides and a sharp tip.
3
Which curette can be used throughout the mouth?
Universal
Vocalizing and pawing at their mouth is an indication that the patient is what?
In pain
In a radiograph which part of the tooth can we potentially exclude?
Crown
The doppler is used to monitor what?
Blood pressure
What portion of the tooth should the x-ray beam primarily be aiming?
Root
What is the function of the Shepherds Hook explorer & Periodontal probe?
Shepherds hook explorer - to feel for slight imperfections, cavities, etc.
Periodontal probe - to find & measure pocket depth.
What are some of the challenges that a technician may face in regards to monitoring the patient during a dental?
Pulse Ox - because one of the main locations to place the probe is the tongue.
Temperature - wet procedure = cold patient
Anesthesia planes can change quickly.
What is the function of Calculus Removal Forceps?
To remove large sections of calculus from tooth.
What are three advantages to using sensors instead of film in dental radiology?
kVp and MA stay the same, only time is changed.
No need for chemicals
Less chance of developing errors.
List three ways a technician can reduce tracheal trauma in patients during dental procedures.
Proper ET size
Do not over inflate cuff
Deflate cuff prior to removal
Describe the two methods for determining the sharpness of fine hand-held instruments.
- If light does not reflect then the edge is sharp.
2. Using a syringe case, pull edge of instrument along case. If it catches then it is sharp.
Periodontal Disease is determined by how much calculus is on the teeth. True or False?
False
Healthy gingiva has a defined edge and is pink in color. True or False?
True
An anterior crossbite is a malocclusion where the premolars are malaligned. True or False?
False - Mandibular incisors are misaligned
Itis important to do oral exams on puppies and kittens because itis better to perform surgery before they finish growning. True or False?
False
Puppies and kittens have no primary molars. True or False?
True
Teh space between the free gingiva and attached gingiva is known as the infiltrative gingiva. True or False?
False
Teh mouth is seperated into quadrants for both the Anatomical and Tridan numbering sytems. True or False?
False - only tridan
Employers need to only provide gloves and masks for employees performing dental procedures. True or False?
False
About 35% of the domestic cat population has
find answer
A scissor bite is considered a normal bite. True or False?
True
The disease most commonly described with a cobblestone appearance is what?
Stomatitis
Permanent premolars in the dog and cat erupt around
4-6 months
Severe inflamation, swelling, pus, and spontaneous bleeding is what gingival index?
III
Problem or trauma caused by treatment or advice is termed what?
Iatrogenic
Parrot mouth is also known as what?
Brachygathism
The most common fracture of the 4th premolar is what?
A slab fracture
The condition known as maxillary brachygnathism is cause by what?
A short maxilla
The term mesial refers to what direction?
toward the midline
The term distal refers to what?
away from the midline
The term G II refers to what?
Bleeding when probed (Gingival index)
The term coronal refers to what?
Toward the crown
The term primary teeth refers to what?
Deciduous
The term labial refers to what?
towards the lips
The term lingual refers to what?
facing the tongue
The term TR refers to what?
determined by radiographs (tooth reabsorption)
The term buccal refers to what?
facing the cheek
The term M2 refers to what?
moderate mobility
The term AT refers to what?
Tooth on tooth wear (attrition)
The term C I refers to what?
Covering 1/3 or less of tooth (Calculus Index)
Dental formula for adult feline
2 (I 3/3, C1/1, P 3/2, M 1/1) = 30
Dental formula for adult canine
2 (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3) = 42
How does plaque form and why is this important.
Protein of saliva attaches to the tooths surface. This binds to bacteria and forms plaque.
As plaque stays on teeth it absorbs calcium and become hard calculus in about 8 hours.
What is the difference between a crown fracture and a complicated crown fracture?
Complicated crown fracture - has pulp exposed a crown fracture does not.
What is table wear?
Wear from chewing tennis balls.
Describe or define the three general types of malocclusions.
MAL 1: class I One or more teeth out of alignment MAL 2: Class II - mandible shorter than normal MAL 3: Class II- mandible longer than normal
What is TR/FORL? What are other names it has been known by? How is it diagnosed
Tooth Reabsorption/Feline ondoclastic resorptive lesion. Clinican usually diagnoses, usually no clinical signs.
What is the approximate percentage of cats and dogs 6yrs or older, that have periodontal disease?
85%
What mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth?
Cementum
When performing a dental prophylaxsis, minimal safety equipment includes.
Glasses, mask and gloves
Apical means “toward the ____”
root tip
