Final Review Flashcards
What is the action of Zofran? What are side effects of Zofran?
Zofran blocks serotonin in the CTZ
Side effects: HA and constipation
When administering blood, what is the ration in which you want to see the H&H rise?
1 point to 3% ratio
The overuse of Tums (Ca Carbonate)may cause….
Hypercalcemia
What are the side effects of Diltiazem?
Bradycardia and peripheral edema
What are side effects of hydroxyl ing (Visteril)?
Dry mouth and drowsiness
Anticholinergic effects
How can you prevent crystalluria with sulfonamides?
Increase fluids
When titrating mannitol, what does the urine output minimum need to be?
Minimum output of 30mL/hr
HHNK (HHS) and DKA develop because of what cause:
Insulin deficiency
What do you need to assess first with zithromycin?
Assess for allergies first,
then obtain blood cultures before ABX use
A patient experiences pain during admin of a chemo medication, what action is first?
STOP the infusion
What is the antidote for benzodiazapines?
Flumazenil
What is drug distribution?
Drug distribution occurs when a drug is administered and carried to the desired site for action.
What is the half life of Bactrium?
12 hours, give medication at 8am and 8pm
What can result from increased levels of vasopressin?
Water intoxication (S/Sx: crackles, edema, HTN, tachycardia, altered LOC)
After an ABX is ordered, what is the next action?
Obtain cultures before the initial dose is given.
A patient has Diabetes Incipidus and is concerned about taking desmopressin, what do you do?
Ask: Tell me your concerns
Ask open-ended questions
What are the adverse effects of propofol?
Respiratory depression, hypotension, and bacterial growth
Should NOT have anxiety
What is a therapeutic effect of vasopressin?
Decreased urine output
What is patient education regarding topical nitro?
Remove old patch before a new patch is applied
Why do you increase fluids with Cyclophophamide?
Chemo med
To prevent hemorrhagic cystitis
What are S/Sx of hypoglycemia?
Weakness, altered LOC, hungar, HA
When is a drug level considered effective?
When the drug is maintained above the minimum therapeutic effective level
With AIDS medications, what is the goal of antiretrovirals?
Slow decline of CD4 cells
Decrease viral load
Decrease resistance of infection
Decrease ability of oppertunistic infections
What are adverse effects of administering COLD blood?
Dysrhythmias
Have patient on a cardiac monitor
During blood transfusions, the nurse is responsible for:
Stay with the patient for 15-20 minutes, administer blood slowly
What is the timeframe to administer blood?
2-4 hours
Which insulin lasts 24 hours and a flat peak?
Lactus (glargine)
What IVF do you give Piggyback with blood transfusions?
Normal Saline
What are indications for administering Fresh Frozen Plasma?
Deficiency in clotting factor, put is bleeding
What IVF do you hang when TPN runs out before the next feeding?
10% dextrose
Thrombolitic therapy for CVA is given within:
3 hours of symptom onset
Which heart medication has a persistent cough?
ACE inhibitors
What is the reversal agent for conscious sedation agents?
Narcan
How quickly can you decrease a blood sugar by?
50-75 per hour
If insulin drip is lowering a sugar faster than that, SLOW the drip
You are administering PRBCs and the patient has a reaction, stop the infusion and then do what?
Send blood and urine for samples
Check blood sugar when taking which med?
Corticosteroids
Multiple units of PRBC are given, which electrolyte needs replaced?
Calcium
You will have hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia
When PCA is initiated, you want to see:
Minimal pain and reasonably comfortable
Class 1B antidysrhythmia also used for seizures?
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
A patient has HTN and is newly diagnosed with DM, which medication will you give?
Lisinopril (ACE inhibitor with less side effects)
White patches present in mouth, what do you do?
Notify PCP for prescription of nystatin
Medication to prevent premature ovulation, to control ovarian stimulation?
HCG
CLomide is used to stimulate egg production
What do you want to teach pt taking doxorubicin
Report SOB, palpitations and edema
What timeframe do you give salvaged RBCs
6 hours from removal
Heartburn that doesn’t go away with tums, what do you respond?
Does it radiate to the arm or jaw
Give blood within 2-4 hours to prevent:
R/F infections (Pathogen growth)
When monitoring for reaction during blood admin, the nurse
Stays with the pt for the first 15-20 minutes
Antiretrovirals in combo for HIV/AIDS because:
Prevents resistance to antiretrovirals
Zithromycin given how many times per day?
1 time per day
What is the action of estrogen therapy?
Suppress tumor growth
Albumin helps with hypovolemia by
Pulling the fluid from the extravascular space into the INTRAVASCULAR
Which insulin can be given SubQ or IV?
Regular insulin
Which insulin do you NOT mix?
Lantus
R/F oversedation with PCA, assess
How easily the patient can be aroused
