final review Flashcards
study of motion or human movement
Kinesiology
study of human musculoskeletal system & musculotendinous system
Anatomic kinesiology -
application of mechanical physics to human motion
Biomechanics -
most widely used & accurate for all aspects of the body –standing in an upright posture, facing straight ahead, feet parallel and close, & palms facing forward
Anatomical position
is essentially same as anatomical position except arms are at the sides & palms facing the body
Fundamental position
To further assist in understanding the location of one body part in relation to another
Reference Lines
A line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the apex of the axilla (armpit)
Mid-axillary line
A line that is parallel to the mid- axillary line and passes through the anterior axillary skinfold
Anterior axillary line
A line that is parallel to the mid- axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold
Posterior axillary line
A line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle
Mid-clavicular line
A point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis
Mid-inguinal point
Anterior –in front or in the front part •Anteroinferior –in front & below •Anterosuperior –in front & above
Anatomical directional terminology
New bone is formed by specialized cells known as
osteoblasts
Hallucis refers to the:
great toe
Which of the following muscles are involved during sagittal plane movement of the ankle?
A) soleus
B) peroneus brevis
C) flexor hallucis longus
The action(s) common to the triceps surae muscles are:
plantar flexion
The peroneus longus is innervated by the ____ nerve.
superficial peroneal
The greatest amount of dorsiflexion occurs when the knee is:
flexed during full weight bearing
The ____ amount of combined lateral plane motion in the transverse tarsal/subtalar joint occurs when the talocrural joint is in the ____ position.
greatest, almost fully plantarflexed
Eccentric activity in the hip sled occurs in the ____ during the ____ phase.
quadriceps, lowering
For best development of the gastrocnemius, the ____ exercise is preferred.
squat
The principle that states the body systems will attempt to gradually adapt to the stresses that are placed on it during a period of time is known as the ____ Principle.
SAID
Eccentric activity in the hip sled occurs in the ____ during the ____ phase.
hip extensors, lowering
An example of dorsiflexion against resistance occurs in:
leg lifter
An example of knee flexion against resistance occurs in:
leg lifter
To enhance one’s vertical jumping ability, which exercise would be preferred?
squat
In the squat eccentric activity in the ____ occurs during the ____ phase.
dorsiflexors, lowering
Which of the following joints or joint types do not have motion in the sagittal plane?
trochoid
A knuckle joint is technically known as a __________ joint.
condyloid
Which of the following joint types do not have motion in the frontal plane?
ginglymus
The _____ plane divides the body into a front and back half.
lateral
Which of the following joint types do not have motion in the transverse plane?
condyloid
All freely movable joints are classified as:
diarthrodial
Slightly movable joints are classified as:
amphiarthrodial
The tibia is ______ to the fibula.
medial
An instrument used to measure the range of motion in a joint is known as a (an):
goniometer
The growth plate at each of a long bone is known as the ______ plate.
epiphyseal
The fibrous membrane covering the inside surface of the cortex is the:
endosteum
An imaginary two-dimensional surface through which a limb or body segment is moved is known as a:
Plane of motion
The epiphysis is formed from:
A) cancellous bone
B) spongy bone
C) trabecular bone
New bone is formed by specialized cells known as:
osteoblasts
