Final Review Flashcards
This organelle contributes the most power to plant cells
Chloroplasts
How do hypotheses differ from theories
Theories are more comprehensive than hypotheses
Enzymes are almost always
Proteins
Determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins
mRNA
Which of the following is a product of the citric acid cycle
NADH
Which blood type is considered codominant
Type AB blood
Which of the following is not a chemical reaction
Ice melts to form liquid water
The smallest biological unit which evolves is a
Population
What does evolutionary fitness measure
Relative reproductive success
What are genes composed of
DNA
Which even occurs during prophase
The chromosomes condense
Natural selection
Results in evolutionary adaptation
What are the four most common elements found in living organisms
Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen
What polysaccharide is the primary component of plant cell walls
Cellulose
Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a
Mutation
Biological species consist of groups of
Populations
A DNA fragment with the sticky end sequence TGGCA will bind with another DNA fragment with the sticky end sequence
ACCGT
During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose
Is used to manufacture ATP molecules
Recorded observations are called
Data
Which of the following is the composition of nucleotides
A phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, a sugar
Which of the following would be considered an arthropod
Hermit crabs
The hydrogen and oxygen atoms of a water molecule are held together by __ bonds
Covalent
Which genotype is considered homozygous dominant
CC
Sympatric speciation specifically EXCLUDES
Geographic isolation
A __ is an autotroph
Pine tree
__ is a distinction in appearance between males and females not directly associated with reproduction or survival
Sexual dimorphism
Which is a feature of prokaryotic cells but NOT eukaryotic cells
Fimbriae
Sister chromatids are joined at the
Centromere
The tailbone of a human __ to the tail of a monkey
Is homologous to
After a restriction enzyme binds to its restriction site, it cuts the two strands of the DNA by
Breaking chemical bonds at specific points within the sequence
Which is a function of the plasma membrane
Regulate traffic of materials in and out of the cell
Chloroplasts absorb light mainly in the __ part of the light spectrum
Blue-violet
In eukaryotic cells, the transcription of genes is enhanced by
Enhancer sequences
The biological species concept cannot be applied to
Fossils
What is an independent variable
What is being manipulated by the researchers
What are the two broadest divisions of the cell cycle
Interphase and the mitotic phase
Where in the cell does glycolysis occur
In the cytoplasm
The presence of gills in both fish and human embryos is an example of
Homology
What must pyruvic acid be converted to before it can enter the citric acid cycle
Acetyl CoA
If the abnormal cells remain at the original site, the lump is called a
Benign tumor
DNA replication
Requires the cooperation of over a dozen enzymes and other proteins
Many proto-oncogenes regulate
Cell division
Restriction enzymes are obtained from
Bacteria
