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M15A Wildlife Education > Final Prep > Flashcards

Final Prep Flashcards

1
Q

When doing animal presentations we must be responsible for

A

animal well being and safety
people safety
accountability for messages received by the audience

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2
Q

The use of animals in up close and personal settings is positive and powerful as long as

A

use and setting is appropriate
animal is used in a safe, respectful manner
conservation message is an integral component
suitable species/ individual animals are used

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3
Q

Benefits of audience engagement with a live animal

A

visitors view animals three to four times longer and retain more information

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4
Q

How do ambassador animals enhance environmental attitudes?

A

they increase emotional connections
they influence attitudes about conservation and stewardship
they develop positive feelings about the care and well being of zoo animals

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5
Q

People safety in order of priority

A

Public
Classmates and staff
Personal
The animal

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6
Q

Animal handling guidelines

A

to be handled by students and staff only
must have a backup at all times
animal’s behavior determines if they are used
ill animals will not be used
touchable moments are limited and only offered during structured volunteer segments
it is okay to pause the program if dealing with an uncontrolled moment

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7
Q

Guidelines for being on stage with an animal

A

the animal is the center of attention
follow the animal’s lead
show the animal to everyone
be aware of unaware people
be in control of the animal at all times

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8
Q

Rules for reptiles

A

keep snake head away from anyone on stage and the audience
2 finger touch in the direction of scales
No touching for lizards
big snakes do not cross the stream
do not place snake around neck or waist
after public interaction, instruct them to wash hands or offer hand sanitizer

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9
Q

Piaget’s theory

A

schema
assimilation
accommodation
equilibrium
cognitive development

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10
Q

Aspects of the theory of cognitive development

A

age ranges are guidelines
abilities progress in a predictable way
you can’t push a child to move through stages
does not work in reverse

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11
Q

Stage 1

A

0-2 year olds
sensorimotor stage
learning is based on senses (touch/hand to mouth)
learning about physical world
learning about their own bodies

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12
Q

Stage 2

A

2-7 year olds
pre-operational stage
symbolic thinking
egocentrism
theory of mind and empathy
pretend play and imagination

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13
Q

Stage 3

A

7-11 years old
concrete operational stage
learning how to think logically
children can comprehend decentration
abstract thought (can understand things like relationships)
likes to know why

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14
Q

How should you set up a show for children at stage 2?

A

use directed questions
play with words
use real, familiar images
use repetition
avoid sarcasm
silly stuff
likes to know why

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15
Q

How should you set up a show for children at stage 3?

A

ask group questions
share a little more detail
use bigger words
have them predict/guess answers

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16
Q

Stage 4

A

12 and up
formal operational stage
reasoning expands
moral reasoning
questions everything (rules/ possibilities)
ask more challenging questions

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17
Q

What are three examples of a captive audience?

A

involuntary
school groups
professionals in a seminar

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18
Q

What are three examples of a non-captive audience?

A

voluntary
visitors to museums or zoos
people that watch tv and/or read

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19
Q

How do you speak to a special needs audience?

A

don’t talk down
make eye contact
face the audience
adjust your pace

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20
Q

What is the emcee’s purpose?

A

interpret
control
entertain
help the trainer/handler

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21
Q

7 ways to be successful

A

professionalism
organization
likability
enthusiasm
confidence
delivery
voice

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22
Q

Non-verbal communication includes

A

sounds
appearance
facial expressions

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23
Q

How should you effectively use body language to effectively communicate our message?

A

stand strong
gesture effectively
engage your audience

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24
Q

How NOT to stand

A

hands in pockets or on hips

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25
Q

What is stage fright?

A

fear of public speaking or performance

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26
Q

Symptoms of stage fright?

A

shortness of breath
sweaty
dizziness
need to use restroom
blushing

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27
Q

Things that help with stage fright

A

know your stuff
change your perception
pay attention to your audience
reduce physical symptoms
get excited
breathe
stretch
smile
laugh
power pose

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28
Q

Define catastrophizing

A

vague, overblown feelings of gloom and potential disaster

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29
Q

Define cognitive restructuring

A

the acknowledging of negative thoughts and replacing them with realistic and positive ones

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30
Q

What is a theme?

A

the message or main idea that we want to communicate. It encourages the audience to think more deeply about and understand the subject

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31
Q

What is a good theme?

A

complete sentence/idea
answers the so what question
connects tangibles to intangibles
specific and interesting

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32
Q

What does a structured, well organized presentation look like?

A

intro
body
conclusion

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33
Q

Steps to an introduction

A

introduce yourself
give a time frame
grab attention
stage your theme

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34
Q

Steps to a body

A

supporting ideas that guide the audience through your presentation
4 or less subthemes
keep it simple

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35
Q

What is a conclusion?

A

the last thing you say
can excite and inspire your audience if strong and be confusing if weak

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36
Q

Steps to a conclusion

A

restate theme
summarize subthemes
call to action
opportunity to seek further information
say thank you with a smile

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37
Q

What are tangibles?

A

artifacts, people, animals, things

38
Q

What are intangibles?

A

ideas, concepts, hidden meanings, the big picture

39
Q

What are universal concepts?

A

intangible ideas likely to appeal to everyone
family, death, love, friendship, joy, change, care, teamwork, etc.

40
Q

What is descriptive language?

A

vivid, specific descriptions
active verbs/words that provoke emotion and hold attention

41
Q

How to use a dramatic question?

A

pose questions to engage
observe reactions
play off their energy

42
Q

Why should you use an expressive voice?

A

it sets the story’s tone and mood
use a conversational, friendly, expressive, natural tone
avoid expressing negative emotions

43
Q

What is wildlife education?

A

the act of educating others and increasing their awareness and knowledge of wildlife conservation and their role in helping to make a positive difference

44
Q

What are some ways wildlife education can be achieved?

A

outreach
presentations
any opportunity to interact with visitors

45
Q

As wildlife educators, how are we also interpreters?

A

we make an animal relevant, meaningful, and special to our audience through effective storytelling

46
Q

What is our goal as interpreters?

A

to go beyond the facts and connect each animal in some way to the hearts of the audience

47
Q

What are three ways knowledge can fuel passion?

A

the more you know, the easier it is to inspire
know the history of the organization you work for
know about the animals you care for

48
Q

What effects does a fear of public speaking have on people?

A

fight or flight body response
reduces confidence
embarrassment

49
Q

What are some benefits to power posing?

A

builds confidence and reduces stress

50
Q

What is the purpose of interpretation?

A

increase knowledge and awareness
make the animals relevant and memorable to the audience

51
Q

What should you control as an emcee?

A

the flow of the presentation
the speed and energy
audience involvment

52
Q

What is the purpose of entertainment?

A

to create an entertaining environment because the audience is voluntary and expects to have a good experience

53
Q

Ways to be a successful emcee

A

professionalism
organization
likeability
enthusiasm

54
Q

How to be professional

A

neat, clean appearance and dress

55
Q

Benefit of being organized

A

a well organized, prepared presentation builds confidence and credibility

56
Q

How to be likeable?

A

exhibit good humor and a positive attitude
practice genuine friendliness
obvious concern for their well being and interests

57
Q

What does a lack of enthusiasm cause?

A

repels the audience
steal their joy
instills a negative lasting attitude about the message

58
Q

How to have confidence?

A

act the part
believe in yourself
speak conversationally

59
Q

What does voice include?

A

pitch
volume
rate
quality
variety

60
Q

How is pitch applied?

A

a lower pitch reaches further, and too high can be distracting

61
Q

How is volume applied?

A

speak to the back row
can control audience with your volume

62
Q

How is rate applied?

A

use a rate of speed that the audience is able to follow

63
Q

How is quality applied?

A

avoid slurring
speak each word clearly
different types of accents (nasally, harsh, raspy, melodic)

64
Q

How is variety applied?

A

Avoid being monotone

65
Q

Why are presentations with ambassador animals a powerful catalyst for learning?

A

audience engagement
visitors retain more info
enhanced environmental attitudes

66
Q

Safety considerations

A

think about safety
an animal’s disposition can change in an instant

67
Q

What are two examples of sending a mixed message?

A

cuddle
encouraging animals as pets

68
Q

Who are the handler animals?

A

rabbits
chinchilla
opossum
hedgehogs
reptiles
amphibians
tarantulas
emu
cockroaches

69
Q

Who can cross the stream?

A

rabbits and lizards (if not squirmy)
opossum
roaches
small snake
hedgehogs
tortoise- TILLY ONLY
animals in carriers

70
Q

Who can’t cross the stream?

A

chinchilla
large snakes
emu

71
Q

What body part of an animal are the public not to touch?

A

head

72
Q

Animals that are okay to touch

A

rabbits, large and small snakes (tail only), tortoise, cockroaches (back only)

73
Q

What should you be prepared for when handling animals?

A

bites
running off stage
animal is not performing as planned
fire alarm
missed entrances
audience not following directions

74
Q

Define interpretation strategy

A

purposeful design and delivery of communication that stands a better chance of making a difference on purpose with the kinds of audience most encounter

75
Q

Who wrote the first, formal, published definition of interpretation?

A

Freeman Tilden

76
Q

Define interpretation

A

An educational activity which aims to reveal meanings and relationships through the use of original objects, by firsthand experience, and by illustrative material, rather than to simply communicate factual information

77
Q

Define the NAI

A

National Association for Interpretation
A mission-based communication process that forges emotional and intellectual connections between the interest of the audience and the meaning inherent with your audience

78
Q

Facts about John Muir (1838-1914)

A

made first known notes on interpretation in 1871
spokesman for 1800s conservation movement
helped start the sierra club and founded yosemite

79
Q

Facts about Enos Mills (1870-1922)

A

mentored by John Muir
Colorado guide
wrote Adventures of a Nature Guide 1920
Suggested a guide’s goal is to illuminate and reveal

80
Q

Facts about Freeman Tilden (1883-1980)

A

wrote the first published definition of interpretation
captured practices of professionals he observed in the field and incorporated them into 6 guiding principles

81
Q

Tilden’s 6 Principles

A
  1. Any interpretation that does not relate what is being displayed/described to the personality/experience of the visitor is sterile
  2. Information is not interpretation. Interpretation is revelation based upon information
  3. Interpretation is art
  4. The chief aim of interpretation is not instruction but provocation
  5. Interpretation should aim to present a complete theme and address a whole rather than a part and address itself to he whole person rather than a phase
  6. Interpretation addressed to children should not be a dilution of that for adults but should follow a fundamentally different approach
    5.
82
Q

Three purposes of interpretation

A
  1. enhance audience experience
  2. impact attitudes
  3. influence how the audience behaves
83
Q

What is the purpose of interpretive provocation?

A

Make people think and find personal meaning

84
Q

What is the purpose of interpretive teaching?

A

Make people learn and understand established facts

85
Q

What is the purpose of interpretation as entertainment?

A

entertain people and provide a good time

86
Q

Which type of interpretation provides the best outcome?

A

a purposeful, intentional combination of all three

87
Q

How do we organize a presentation?

A

thematic interpretation uses a central theme as a guide to develop the presentation. Develop the theme in such a way that it will be highly relevant to an audience

88
Q

What does TORE stand for?

A

Theme
Organization
Relevant
Enjoyable

89
Q

What is the two step process to help define a theme?

A

Select your topic, “generally my presentation is about…”
Express your theme “after hearing my presentation, I want my audience to understand that…”

90
Q

What makes information relevant?

A

information has quality when it connects to something we already care about

91
Q

As a storyteller, what is your most important communicative tool?

A

expressive voice

92
Q

How to display animated body language?

A

let your audience see your story on your face as well as hear it in your voice and words
practice
commit to your gestures
talk with your body and hands

M15A Wildlife Education (4 decks)

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