Final: Practice Exam Flashcards
T/F
Renal excretion rate for solute can never exceed filtered load
False
What hormone produced by kidney in response to SNS +
Renin
What would increase GFR but decrease renal blood flow
Constriction of efferent arterioles
What can kidney produce fro alanine, glycerol, lactate
Glucose
What hormone produced by kidneys stimulates production of RBC
EPO
What percentage of resting CO does kidneys receive
25%
At rest glomerular filtration rate averages what quantity of plasma filtrate
125 ml/min
Average urine production in day is equal to which of following
1500 ml/day
Why does capillary hydrostatic P stay constant along length of glomerular capillary
Due to high resistance efferent arterioles
In kidney, where does reabsorption take place
Peritubular capillaries
Majority of nephrons are capable of concentrating urine
T/f
False
Process of micturition, what sphincter is under voluntary control allowing us to decide when to urinate
External urethral sphincter
What causes contraction of detrusor muscle and relaxation of internal sphincter, giving urge to urinate
+ of PSNS
On average what percent of body weight is total body water
60%
On average what % of body weight is ECF
20%
If you dehydrate and lose 2 L fluid, what kind of fluid shift would you expect
Some fluid would shift from ICF to ECF
Which marker best suited to measure total body water
Isotropic water
What fluid loss would cause only loss in ECF volume, no change in osmolarity and no shift in volume between ICF and ECF
Diarrhea
Clearance of what injected substance equal to glomerular filtration rate
Inulin
What substance has high clearance rate
PAH
At normal blood levels, how can renal handling of glucose be described
Freely filtered, all reabsorbed
Physiologic significance of substance x with clearance ratio = 1
Clearance of X equal to GFR
Most important function of kidney
Reabsorption of Na
What % of Na is reabsorbed in proximal tubule
66%
When would some filtered glucose first spill into urine
Plasma concentration of glucose first exceeds 200 mg/dL
Physiologic Function of urea in kidneys
Helps create osmotic gradient important in concentration of urine
What located on basolateral side of tubular cell that drives reabsorption of most solutes in PT
Na K ATPase
Thick AL has what effect on tubular fluid
Dilutes it
What tubular cell in late DT responsible for K secretion
Principal cell
What effect does insulin have in intracellular K concentration
Increase
What receptors mediate ADH effect to insert aquaporin 2 (makes CD permeable to water which allows reabsorption of water)
V2
Normal arterial pH
7.4
Hyperventilation cause of
Respiratory alkalosis
Normal compensation to metabolic acidosis
Increased ventilation
If renal perfusion pressure increases by 50 mmHg what is true
Both GFR and renal blood flow would stay constant
Most autoregulation of renal blood flow and GFR involves constriction or dilation of what vessels
Afferent arterioles
Clearance of PAH equal to
Renal plasma flow
What condition does renal excretion of acid increase 10 fold
Diabetic ketoacidosis
