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פידס > Final part 1 > Flashcards

Final part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The five red flags for language delay?

A
  1. no babbling by 12 months
  2. no back and forth gestures (pointing, showing, reaching, waving) by 12 months
  3. no words by 16 months
  4. no 2-word meaningful phrases by 24 months (imitation and repetition don’t count)
  5. ANY loss of speech, babbling, or social skills at ANY age

Autism is a big thing in peds, need to know these language delays – a lot of us forgot that any child who losing a language = RED FLAG

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2
Q

How many minutes do they need to be in prone?

A

81

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3
Q

Listing the features of hypotonia?

A 
●	decreased strength
●	delayed motor skill development
●	poor attention/motivation
●	decreased activity tolerance
●	hypermobile joints: increased flexibility
●	lean on supports: rounded shoulders
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4
Q

. Stair climbing (What the age range of alternating up with the rail, alternating up without the rail – know up and down)

A

● alternating up with rail: 24-28 months

● alternating up without rail: 36 months

● alternating down with rail: 35 months

● alternating down without rail: 48 months

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5
Q

alternating up with rail:

A

24-28 months

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6
Q

alternating up without rail:

A

36 months

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7
Q

alternating down with rail:

A

36 months

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8
Q

alternating down without rail:

A

48 months

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9
Q

When you have a child that has a hard time lifting head in supine, not be cause of lack of tummy time but lack of their flexors

A

When you have a child that has a hard time lifting head in supine, not be cause of lack of tummy time but lack of their flexors
Tummy times is prone skills = extension
Sea saw – bottom goes down, head comes up

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10
Q

Hemophelia

what joints are affected

A

a. Elbow
b. Knee
c. Ankle

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11
Q

Hemophelia: muscles most affected

A

a. Illiopsoas
b. Gastrocnemius
c. Forearm flexor compartment

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12
Q

Hemophelia: nerves compressed

A

femoral, sciatic, peroneal

?, ulnar nerve, median

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13
Q

Hemophelia: appropriate recreational activities for these kids

A

swimming, golf, walk, bike+helmet pads

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14
Q

OI: skeletal deformities

A

a. bowing of femur and tibia, anterolaterally; humerus
b. coxa vara, acetabular protrusion
c. apparent knee flexion contracture due to angulation of femur and tibia

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15
Q

OI: deformities

A

a. Ligamentous laxity
b. Fragile bone
c. Spinal deformities
d. Patella femoral dislocation

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16
Q

OI: deformities

A
  1. Skeletal Deformities
    - –bowing of femur and tibia, anterolaterally; humerus
    - –coxa vara, acetabular protrusion
    - –apparent knee flexion contracture due to angulation of femur and tibia
  2. ligamentous laxity
  3. fragile bones: can develop osteoporosis from fracture immobilization
  4. spinal deformities
    - –scoliosis
    - –kyphosis
  5. patello-femoral deformities: joint dislocation
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17
Q

OI:

Contra-indications to PROM

A

—AROM and functional ROM only: hands to mouth, midline, top of head

—defer goniometry if fractures

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18
Q

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

Definition:

A

congenital, non-progressive neuromuscular syndrome

there are contractures in at least 2 body areas

19
Q

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

Body Parts Affected Type 1

A 
Flexed hips
extended knees
clubfeet
IR shoulders
flexed elbows
flexed/ulnar deviated wrists
20
Q

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

Body Parts affected type 2

A 
Abducted and ER hips
Flexed knees
clubfeet
IR shoulders
extended elbows
flexed/ ulnar deviated wrists
21
Q

Downs Syndrome

Ortho considerations in downs

A
  1. Hypotonia
  2. Joint ligament laxity
  3. Cervical Spine Instability: AO joint instability*
  4. Scoliosis
5. Hip instability (Sankar, Millis, & Kim,
2011)
---Osteoarthritis
---Dislocation
---Fracture
  1. Patellar instability
  2. Pes Planus/Metatarsus varus
22
Q

Notes on Downs Syndrome

A
  1. orthopedic considerations in DS
  2. leukemia common
  3. kids with downs are very stubborn
23
Q

Is leukemia common in Downs?

A

YES

24
Q

A personality trait common in children with downs?

A

Stubborn

25
Q

CF: most important PT intervention

A

a. chest PT: percussion, vibration, postural drainage, counter rotation, forced expiration technique/active cycle of breathing, autogenic drainage
b. breathing exercises: singing songs, prolonged phonation, blowing bubbles, blowing out candles, balloons,
c. chest mobility: ball skills (throwing, catching, dribbling), hitting ball with bat, rolling on a physioball, crawling, prone activities, reaching, yoga

26
Q

Juvenile Idiopathic RA:

What assessment tool is only used in this condition

A

JAFAS: juvenile arthritis functional assessment
scale: Measure the child’s performance

Only tool that measures the child with JIA’s
actual performance

27
Q

Juvenile Idiopathic RA:

appropriate activities

A

a. low impact activities (swimming, pilates, cycling)
Doubles tennis, swimming, horseshoes, sailing, cycling,
bowling, golf

high impact activties are contraindicated

28
Q

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

  1. pattern of weakness:
A

a. PROXIMAL MORE THAN DISTAL: quad weakness
b. absent DTRs, hyporeflexia
c. respiratory weakness

29
Q

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

orthopedic impairment

A

a. contractures: knee flexion, plantar flexion, elbow flexion, wrist
b. kyphoscoliosis: spinal fusion
c. fractures
d. hip dislocation

30
Q

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

mortality

A

aspiration pneumonia

31
Q

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Common orthopedic impairment

A

Scoliosis

32
Q

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Motor Scale

A

Modified Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale –SMA specific

33
Q

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Musculoskeletal vulnerabilities

A
  • Proximal weakness especially in quadriceps
  • Contracture formation - knee flexion, plantar flexion, elbow flexion
    and wrist most common ( need night splints)
  • Kyphoscoliosis - spinal fusions - custom molded seating support
  • Fractures, hip dislocations
34
Q

Walks Upstairs with ONE HAND HELD

A

17-19 Months

a yr and 5 months to a yr and 7 months

35
Q

Walks UPSTAIRS holding RAIL both feet on each step

A

18 months

36
Q

Walks DOWNSTAIRS holding RAIL

A

18 months

37
Q

Clinical signs or red flags exist to help identify children at risk for language delays and or ASD

A
  1. no babbling by 12 MONTHS
  2. no back/forth gestures as pointing/showing/reaching/waving by 12 MONTHS
  3. no WORDS by 16 MONTHS
  4. no TWO-WORD meaningful phrases (doesnt include imitation/repetition) by 24MONTHS
  5. ANY loss `of speech, babbling, or social skills at ANY age
38
Q

Part C

EI

A

0-3 years

EI = early intervention

Document: IFSP (review every 6 months)
not classified

12 months delay or 33% delay or a score at least 2SD from mean in one area of development (2.14 percentile)

or 25% delay in two areas

or at least 1.5 SD below the mean in 2 areas (7 percentile)

39
Q

Part B

CPSE

A

3-5 years
(need to set up meeting 6 months before 3rd bday)
section 4410 of Education Law
write an IEP

Classified: “Preschooler with a Disability”

40
Q

Part B

CSE

A

5-21 years

Classified: federal classification system:
autism, deaf/blindness, hearing impaired, speech or language impaired, visually impaired, intellectual disability, other health impairments, multiple disabilities, TBI, emotional disturbance, learning disability, orthopedic impairment

41
Q

How often is the IFSP and IEP reviewed?

When does IEP testing need to be done

A

IFSP: every 6 months

IEP: quarterly check goals, every year review, retest every 3 years for eligibility

42
Q

what need to show to get ESY

A

regression

take longer than 6 weeks to get the skill back (recoupment)

  • -degree of preogress
  • -emerging skill, breakthrough opportunity
  • -interfering behaviors
  • -special circumstances
43
Q

Who gets 504

A

students not eligible under IDEA because do not need special education but still need some assistance to participate fully in regular school (not federal fun)

פידס (13 decks)

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