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parasitology > final - new material > Flashcards

final - new material Flashcards

1
Q

connective tissue nematode of horses

A

onchocerca cervicalis

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2
Q

lung nematode of horses

A

dictyocaulus arnfieldi

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3
Q

onchocerca cervicalis location

A

adults - ligamentum nuchae
microfilaria - dermis

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4
Q

onchocerca cervicalis vector

A

flies - biting midges

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5
Q

onchocerca cervicalis time and distribution

A

summer; northern latitudes

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6
Q

onchocerca cervicalis pathogenesis

A

fistulous withers, dermatitis, uveitis, pruritic lesions

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7
Q

when is disease associated with onchocerca cervicalis seen

A

mid-late summer to fall

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8
Q

natural hosts of dictyocaulus arnfieldi

A

donkeys and horses < 3y

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9
Q

dictyocaulus arnfieldi transmission

A

pasture

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10
Q

dictyocaulus arnfieldi shed and infective stage

A

shed - L1
infective - L3

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11
Q

dictyocaulus arnfieldi site

A

lower respiratory tract

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12
Q

dictyocaulus arnfieldi pathogenesis

A

bronchitis, pneumonia, severe coughing

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13
Q

dx of lungworm

A

baermann method

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14
Q

coccidiosis in horses is caused by

A

eimeria leukarti

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15
Q

eimeria leukarti ddx (based on morphology)

A

pollen grain

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16
Q

what protozoa is immediately infective and can be acquired from cattle

A

cryptosporidium parvum

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17
Q

what stage of sarcocystis neurona infects horses

A

cystic stage

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18
Q

what role do horses play in the lifecycle of sarcocystis neurona

A

aberrant IH

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19
Q

DH of sarcocystis neurona

A

opossum

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20
Q

primary etiologic agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis

A

sarcocystis neurona

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21
Q

3 As of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis

A

asymmetry
ataxia
atrophy

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22
Q

dx of EPM

A

neurological c/s with serology on serum and CSF

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23
Q

control of sarcocystis neurona

A

prevent access of opossums to horse-feeding and watering areas

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24
Q

what other protozoa causes EPM

A

neospora hughesi

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25
Q

what role do horses play in the lifecycle of neospora hughesi

A

true IH - develop tissue cysts with bradyzoites

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26
Q

T or F: neospora hughesi can cause abortions in horses

A

T

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27
Q

reportable disease in horses caused by babesia caballi and theileria equi

A

equine piroplasmosis

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28
Q

babesia caballi site

A

RBC

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29
Q

thelaria equi site

A

WBC and RBC

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30
Q

where is babesia caballi and thelaria equi endemic

A

latin america

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31
Q

disease of concern for import/export

A

equine piroplasmosis

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32
Q

pathogenesis of equine piroplasmosis

A

acute hemolytic anemia
fever > 40
dark urine - hemoglobinuria

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33
Q

itchy leg mite that causes “mud fever” in horses

A

chorioptes equi

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34
Q

scab mite or equine body mite

A

psoroptes equi

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35
Q

common mange mite

A

sarcoptes scabei

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36
Q

follicle mite

A

demodex equi

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37
Q

what dz can be transmitted by ticks in horses

A

equine granulocytic anaplasmosis
lyme
tick paralysis

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38
Q

chewing louse of horses that affects the dorso-lateral trunk

A

damalinia equi

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39
Q

sucking louse of horses that affects the mane, tailhead and fetlocks

A

haematopinus asini

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40
Q

equine pediculosis is a winter problem, what are the risk factors

A

stressed
poor nutrition
long hair coats
high density of animals

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41
Q

equine pediculosis c/s

A

biting/rubbing at infected areas
restlessness
hair loss, skin loss
wounds can be infected

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42
Q

gasterophilus spp common name

A

bot flies

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43
Q

gasterophilus intestinalis location

A

eggs - foreliimbs, shoulders
larva - cardiac region of stomach

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44
Q

gasterophilus nasalis location

A

eggs - intermandibular region
larva - pylorus and prox. duodenum

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45
Q

gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis location

A

eggs - hair of mouth and lips
larva - rectum

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46
Q

where on the hair will you find bot eggs

A

tips of hair

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47
Q

stomoxys calcitrans common name

A

stable fly

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48
Q

IH for habronema and draschia

A

stable fly

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49
Q

culicoides spp common name

A

midge

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50
Q

pathogenesis of culicoides

A

hypersensitivity - queensland or sweet itch

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51
Q

tabanids common name

A

horse fly, deer fly, clegs

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52
Q

what diseases are tabanids transport hosts for

A

equine infectious anemia
anthrax

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53
Q

culex, aedes, anopheles common name

A

mosquitos

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54
Q

mosquitos can be vectors for

A

setaria, west nile virus, equine encephalitis

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55
Q

major parasite of concern in adult horses

A

cyathostomins and tapeworms

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56
Q

most important parasite infecting foals and weanlings

A

parascaris

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57
Q

hyostrongylus rubidus common name

A

red stomach worm of pigs

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58
Q

red stomach worm affects outdoor pigs, what is the infective stage

A

L3 on pasture

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59
Q

hyostrongylus pathogenesis

A

catarrhal gastritis, damage to parietal cells

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60
Q

ascaris suum commn name

A

swine roundworm

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61
Q

what kind of pigs does ascaris suum mostly affect

A

grower pigs

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62
Q

T or F: ascaris suum does well indoors

A

T

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63
Q

migration of ascaris suum

A

hepato-tracheal

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64
Q

ascaris suum pathogenesis

A

milk spot liver - migrating larvae cause hemorrhage, fibrosis and accumulation of lymphocytes in the liver

65
Q

strongyloides ransomi / s. suis distrubtion

A

worldwide, warmer climates - southern US

66
Q

parasite of nursing piglets

A

strongyloides ransomi/suis

67
Q

T or F: strongyloides ransomi/suis is zoonotic

68
Q

routes of infection for s. ransomi and s. suis

A

prenatal and transmammary

69
Q

where does the L3 of s. ransomi/s. suis undergo hypobiosis

A

somatic tissues

70
Q

s. ransomi pathogenesis

A

catarrhal enteritis
mostly in 2 week old piglets

71
Q

oesophagostomum spp common name

A

nodular worm of large intestine

72
Q

oesophagostomum transmission

A

pasture
L3 infective

73
Q

where are oesophagostomum L4 located

A

nodules in large intestine

74
Q

oesophagostomum migration

75
Q

oesophagostomum pathogenesis

A

diarrhea, weight loss, reduced weight gain, reduced litter size

76
Q

trichuris suis common name

77
Q

parasite of pigs in the grower barn

A

trichuris suis

78
Q

trichuris suis pathogenesis

A

large bowel diarrhea with mucus +/- blood

79
Q

metastrongylus spp common name

A

swine lungworm

80
Q

metastrongylus location

A

adults in bronchi and bronchioli

81
Q

metastrongylus IH

82
Q

metastrongylus shed stage

A

eggs with larvae

83
Q

high prevalence in wild boars

A

metastrongylus

84
Q

metastrongylus pathogenesis

A

verminous bronchopneumonia in young pigs housed outdoors

85
Q

metastrongylus dx

86
Q

stephanurus dentatus common name

A

swine kidney worm

87
Q

stephanurus dentatus distribution

A

southeastern and south central US

88
Q

how are stephanurus eggs passed

A

in the urine
- hatch shortly and becomes infective in 1 week

89
Q

stephanurus transmission

A

skin penetration
ingestion - environment or earthworm (PH)

90
Q

stephanurus pathogenesis

A

hepatic damage, liver condemnation

91
Q

control of swine kidney worm

A

gilts only breeding program

92
Q

trichinella transmission

A

consumption of infected meat - foodborne zoonosis

93
Q

trichinella larva location

A

muscle fibers

94
Q

trichinella adult location

A

duodenal and jejunal mucosa

95
Q

T or F: there is no shed stage of trichinella

96
Q

sarcoptes scabei var. suis common name

A

hog mange mite

97
Q

when is hog mange mite transmitted

A

all year round in housed pigs

98
Q

haematopinus suis common name

99
Q

who should you treat when there is an infection of hog louse

A

all animals on premise

100
Q

coccidiosis in pigs is caused by

A

cystoispora suis

101
Q

c/s of coccidiosis in pigs

A

yellow-gray pasty diarrhea, no blood

102
Q

eimeria sporulated oocyst

A

2 sporozoites in each of 4 sporocysts

103
Q

isospora sporulated oocyst

A

4 sporozoites in each of two sporocysts

104
Q

important disease in nursing pigs raised inside

A

coccidiosis

105
Q

zoonotic disease balantidiasis is caused by

A

balantidium coli

106
Q

largest protozoa that infects humans

A

balantidium coli

107
Q

balantidium coli pathogenesis

A

moderate to severe diarrhea

108
Q

balantidium coli dx

A

floatation/direct smear

109
Q

what would be found in watery diarrhea caused by balantidium coli

A

trophozoites

110
Q

pigs are a common IH for ___ and a source of infection in humans

A

toxoplasma gondii

111
Q

ascaridia galli common name

A

large roundworm of poultry

112
Q

ascaridia galli location

A

develop in intestinal mucosa
return to lumen to develop into adults

113
Q

if you find a worm in a chicken egg, it could be

A

ascaridia galli

114
Q

capillaria spp common name

A

threadworm of poultry

115
Q

capillaria location

A

crop and esophagus

116
Q

capillaria pathogenesis

A

thickening and inflammation of mucus membrane
hemorrhage and erosion of intestinal lining
reduced growth, reduced egg production, reduced fertility

117
Q

capillaria has both direct and indirect lifecycles, what is the IH

118
Q

heterakis gallinarum common name

A

caecal worm of poultry

119
Q

heterakis gallinarum pathogenesis

A

histomoniasis

120
Q

how do turkeys get histomoniasis

A

eating infected chicken manure or earthworms

121
Q

when cecal worm larvae hatch, where is histomonas released

A

intestinal lumen

122
Q

syngamus trachea common name

123
Q

syngamus trachea pathogenesis

A

gapes - birds gasp due to tracheal obstruction and inflammation
feed on blood - anemia

124
Q

cestode of poultry

A

davainea proglottina

125
Q

davainea proglottina IH

A

gastropods

126
Q

davainea proglottina location and pathogenesis

A

small intestine
enteritis and poor production

127
Q

cnedmidocoptes mutans common name

128
Q

cnemidocoptes gallinae common name

A

de-pluming itch

129
Q

cnemidocoptes pilae common name

130
Q

dermanyssus gallinae common name

A

red mite, roost mite

131
Q

ornithonyssus sylvarum common name

A

northern fowl mite

132
Q

surface mites of poultry (are/are not) zootnotic

133
Q

surface mites of poultry feed on

134
Q

which poultry surface mite has a posterior anus and is found on birds at night, and in the environment during the day

A

dermanyssus

135
Q

which poultry surface mite has an anterior anus is found on birds at all times but is an obligate blood feeder

A

ornithonyssus

136
Q

most important ectoparasite of layers and breeding chickens in the US

A

ornithonyssus

137
Q

menacanthus stramineus common name

A

chicken body louse

138
Q

chicken body louse pathogenesis

A

itching, feather damage, skin lesions

139
Q

cimex lectularius common name

140
Q

bed bugs commonly infect

A

poultry breeder flocks

141
Q

bed bug pathogenesis

A

excessive feather loss and irritation
lesions on the breasts and legs

142
Q

mucosoflagellate of cecum that can spread to the liver

A

histomonas meleagridis

143
Q

histomonas transmission

A

direct - shed in feces
indirect - nematode PH

144
Q

what poultry bird is most affected by histomonas

145
Q

key c/s of histomoniasis

A

sulfure yellow droppings
cyanosis of comb and wattles (black head)

146
Q

postmortem dx of histomoniasis

A

bulls eye lesion on liver
caseous cores in cecum

147
Q

lifecycle of histomonas

A

trophozoites only

148
Q

what birds does trichomonas mostly infect

A

domestic pigeons and wild doves

149
Q

trichomonas (canker) pathogenesis

A

caseous necrosis of oral cavity, orbitals, brain

150
Q

trichomonas lifecycle

A

direct, only trophozoites

151
Q

transmission of trichomonas in poultry

A

parent bird feeding young and
infected saliva and poop

152
Q

first lesions of trichomoniasis

A

small yellowish areas on oral mucosa

153
Q

most important protozoal disease in poultry

A

eimeria - coccidia

154
Q

eimeria location

A

intestinal tract, some liver and kidney

155
Q

coccidiosis pathogenesis

A

damage to bird’s intestinal lining
runny off colored droppings - blood tinged

156
Q

cyrptosporidium pathogenesis

A

diarrhea, dehydration
coughing, gasping, airsacculitis, sometimes death

157
Q

where does cryptosporidium replicate

A

brush border on the surface of epithelial cells

158
Q

T or F: avian cryptospordium is infectious to people

parasitology (4 decks)

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