Final MGMT 1035: Week 7 Flashcards
Alcohol Industry
What was an early example of the impact of trade politics and unintended consequences in alcohol policy?
Gin
When was the Gin Craze?
late 16th century England to 17th to early 18th
What was alchool mixed with in the early years?
juniper berries and other herbs, , both for flavouring and medicinal purposes
What’s “genever”?
16th century Dutch, British shortened to gin (its the Dutch gin)
Who placed a large tariff on French brandy and wine, he also gave tax breaks to British distillers of gin?
William III, King of England in the late 1600s
Who introduced gin to the British?
the Dutch king William III – better known as William of Orange
Who stops the French from making gin?
William III, King of England
What year was the GIN ACT?
1751
What happened when the British obtained a license to produce gin?
lead to drunkenness in all of England, became inexpensive, led to backlash that included temperance movements and new government licensing to control production
What was the Gin Act of 1751?
It introduced stricter licensing requirements and taxes on gin, making it more expensive and less accessible, leading many to drink beer instead.
When did gin recover as a popular drink and why?
1800s, Gin became popular again when mixed with quinine water as an anti-malaria potion for British Troops, creating the classic “gin and tonic.”
What led the British to drink beer?
Gin Act 1751
what is rum distilled from, and when did it rise to popularity?
Rum is distilled from molasses, a byproduct of sugar manufacturing, and rose to popularity in the late 1600s and 1700s.
How did sugar plantations contribute to rum production?
Large sugar plantations in the Caribbean required cheap labor, leading to an increase in African slave imports to support rum production.
What was the British Royal Navy’s tradition regarding rum?
British sailors received a daily ration of a pint of Jamaican rum starting in 1731. The tradition lasted until the 1970s and also applied to the Canadian Navy.
“morale booster”
“demon rum”
How was rum political in history?
The British restricted rum production in colonies, discouraging American producers, who turned to whiskey or bourbon
instead (Navigations Act 1651: restricted colonies from trading)
Who founded Bacardi, and what was its early significance?
Bacardi was founded by Don Facundo Bacardi and became a supplier of rum to Spanish royalty in the 1880s from its Cuban facilities.
What is the historical significance of “Cuba Libre”?
The drink, made with rum and Coke, symbolized freedom but took on a new meaning after the Cuban Revolution. Translates to “Free Cuba”
What happened to Bacardi after the Cuban Revolution, 1959?
Fidel Castro seized Bacardi’s distilleries, prompting the Bacardi family to flee and establish new facilities in Puerto Rico and other locations, growing into a global rum producer.
Why does Bacardi’s history remain politically significant?
The Bacardi family continues to seek compensation for seized properties, influencing U.S.-Cuba politics, including the embargo upheld by Cuban-American communities.
Prohibition?
the act or practise of forbidding by law the manufacture, storage, transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcoholic beverages
especially in the US between 1920 and 1933
Protestant movement in Quebec?
Strong Protestant influence promoting moral reform in Quebec during the 1800s.
Advocated against alcohol consumption, tying it to broader societal and moral issues.
Key Canadian Organizations in the 1800s and late 19th century
- Dominion Alliance for the Total Suppression of the Liquor Traffic:
Focused on eliminating alcohol use and its associated harms. (established in 1877 in Canada that lobbied for prohibition of alcohol) - Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU):
Advocated for temperance (restrain from alcohol) and women’s societal rights. (saw alcohol as the cause of societal problems like crime, violence, poverty, domestic assault, and divorce, 1874)
Temperance Movement and Women
The temperance movement was connected to the fight for women’s voting rights, arguing that:
Alcohol abuse had severe negative effects on women and families.
Giving women the right to vote would empower them to advocate against liquor and influence social reform.
a women-led movement; freedom from alcohol and abusive men were themes
Temperance Movement impact on Prohibition?
The temperance movement directly influenced policies around prohibition and women’s suffrage.
Key legislation in Politics of Prohibition
Temperance Act, introduced in 1878, passe din 1917, repealed 1984
The Act gave local governments the power to ban the sale of alcohol. By 1917 all provinces except for Quebec had prohibited the sale of alcohol.
What Prime minister was known for his association with drinking?
Sir John A. Macdonald
Which government held the 1898 non- binding referendum on prohibition?
The Wilfrid Laurier Government, elected in 1896, held the non-binding referendum.
Why did the Laurier government decide to hold a referendum on prohibition?
They had a lot of support for prohibition but also strong opposition from Quebec.
What were the results of the 1898 referendum?
278,380 people voted for prohibition.
264,693 people voted against it.
Which province overwhelmingly voted against prohibition?
Quebec, with 80% voting no.
What action did Laurier take after the 1898 referendum?
Laurier did nothing about prohibition.
Why was prohibition a complex issue for Canada’s economy?
The alcohol industry employed a lot of people.
Who removed the rum ration and with what?
Tim Cook, tea
have a negative response
Admiral Peter Hill-Norton
Robert Borden tried to get rid of the ration but it was nor received well at all
