Final Lab Exam Flashcards
What are the steps in the introduction for the physical assessment?
1.) Introduce yourself
2.) Check patient’s ID
3.) Provide privacy, comfort, & confidentiality
4.) Prepare equipment
5.) Wash hands (can verbalize)
6.) **Assess patient’s orientation **
7.) Inform patient of your actions & what you’ll do
8.) Ask about allergies
How many steps are there in the introduction to physical assessment section?
You can combine some of these (I’m just saying all of them as checklist)
8 steps
1.) Introduce yourself
2.) Check patient’s ID
3.) Provide privacy, comfort, & confidentiality
4.) Prepare equipment
5.) Wash hands (can verbalize)
6.) **Assess patient’s orientation **
7.) Inform patient of your actions & what you’ll do
8.) Ask about allergies
What are the steps of the head & neck exam?
1.) Inspect the face, head for shape (normocephalic), symmetry
2.) Inspect external nose (no septal deviation, nose is midline) and lips (pink, moist, symmetrical)
3.) Check nasal patency (Use penlight)
4.) Inspect & palpate the scalp (no scaling, lesions, masses, or infestation; hair is envenly dispersed, state color, texture, etc.)
5.) Palpate the maxillary (under the brow bone) and frontal (cheeks) sinuses
6.) Palpate the temporal artery (comment it is 2+ bilaterally)
7.) Inspect the neck & trachea (midline)
8.) Inspect the lymph nodes (name all 10 lymph nodes)
How many steps are there in the Head & Neck exam?
8 steps
1.) Inspect the face, head for shape (normocephalic), symmetry
2.) Inspect external nose (no septal deviation, nose is midline) and lips (pink, moist, symmetrical)
3.) Check nasal patency (Use penlight)
4.) Inspect & palpate the scalp (no scaling, lesions, masses, or infestation; hair is envenly dispersed, state color, texture, etc.)
5.) Palpate the maxillary (under the brow bone) and frontal (cheeks) sinuses
6.) Palpate the temporal artery (comment it is 2+ bilaterally)
7.) Inspect the neck & trachea (midline)
8.) Inspect the lymph nodes (name all 10 lymph nodes)
What are the steps in the Ear exam?
1.) Palpate external ears & ask if there is tenderness
NAME the Pinna, tragus, & mastoid process b/l
How many steps are in the ear exam?
1 step
1.) Palpate external ears (name tragus, pinna, & mastoid process b/l) and ask about tenderness
What are the steps in the eye exam?
1.) Test pupillary reflexes (direct & consensual) State CN II & III are INTACT
How many steps are in the eye exam?
1 step
1.) Test pupillary reflexes (direct & consensual) State CN II & III are INTACT
What steps are in the upper extremities physical assessment?
1.) Inspect skin & palpate for temperature (even skin tone, state skintone, what is the temperature?)
2.) Assess nails (round, pink, brisk capillary refill check all 10 fingers, no clubbing)
3.) Check radial pulses bilaterally (symmetrical, 2+)
How many steps are in the upper extremities assessment?
3 steps
1.) Inspect skin & palpate for temperature (even skin tone, state skintone, what is the temperature?)
2.) Assess nails (round, pink, brisk capillary refill check all 10 fingers, no clubbing)
3.) Check radial pulses bilaterally (symmetrical, 2+)
What steps are in the thorax exam?
1.) Perform exam on RIGHT side of patient
2.) Inspect for JVD (bed at 30 degrees)
3.) palpate carotid arteries (one at a time; 2+)
4.) Auscultate carotid arteries for bruits (instruct patient to hold on exhalation; use BELL)
5.) Listen to trachea (identify bronchial sounds)
6.) Inspect anterior thorax, skin, precordium (no heaves or lifts)
7.) Assess for turgor (under the clavicle; no tenting)
8.) Auscultate anterior chest (identify bronchiovesicular (medial chest) and vesicular (lateral) chest) (no accessory muscle use or adventitous sounds)
9.) Auscultate posterior thorax (identify bronchiovesicular and vesicular sounds)
10.) Ausculatate with DIAPHRAGM over 5 areas of the precordium (comment on the landmarks & valve location)
11.) Leave diaphragm on mitral valve & state you would listen to the apical pulse for a full minute (indicate the apical pulse is around 70 bpm & regular rhythm)
12.) Auscultate with BELL over 5 areas of precordium
13.) State that S1 & S2 were heard in all areas
14.) Have the patient roll to the left & listen for S3 & S4 (Verbalize that no S3 or S4 sounds were heard)
How many steps are in the thorax assessment?
Some can be combined
14 Steps
1.) Perform exam on RIGHT side of patient
2.) Inspect for JVD (bed at 30 degrees)
3.) palpate carotid arteries (one at a time; 2+)
4.) Auscultate carotid arteries for bruits (instruct patient to hold on exhalation; use BELL)
5.) Listen to trachea (identify bronchial sounds)
6.) Inspect anterior thorax, skin, precordium (no heaves or lifts)
7.) Assess for turgor (under the clavicle; no tenting)
8.) Auscultate anterior chest (identify bronchiovesicular (medial chest) and vesicular (lateral) chest) (no accessory muscle use or adventitous sounds)
9.) Auscultate posterior thorax (identify bronchiovesicular and vesicular sounds)
10.) Ausculatate with DIAPHRAGM over 5 areas of the precordium (comment on the landmarks & valve location)
11.) Leave diaphragm on mitral valve & state you would listen to the apical pulse for a full minute (indicate the apical pulse is around 70 bpm & regular rhythm)
12.) Auscultate with BELL over 5 areas of precordium
13.) State that S1 & S2 were heard in all areas
14.) Have the patient roll to the left & listen for S3 & S4 (Verbalize that no S3 or S4 sounds were heard)
What steps are in the abdominal assessment?
1.) Inspect contour & symmetry, skin lesions, pulsations, peristalsis
2.) Auscultate bowel sounds using DIAPHRAGM in proper order (RLQ, RUQ, LUQ, LLQ & comment on presence of bowel sounds, active bowel sounds in all four quadrants)
3.) Auscultate for vascular sounds with BELL (comment on the name & location of each artery (aortic, renal, & iliac)
4.) Percuss abdomen using zigzag & comment on sound (tympany heard)
5.) Lighlty palpate abdomen using zigzag pattern & comment on findings (no tenderness – ask patient during exam)
How many steps are in the abdominal assessment?
5 Steps
1.) Inspect contour & symmetry, skin lesions, pulsations, peristalsis
2.) Auscultate bowel sounds using DIAPHRAGM in proper order (RLQ, RUQ, LUQ, LLQ & comment on presence of bowel sounds, active bowel sounds in all four quadrants)
3.) Auscultate for vascular sounds with BELL (comment on the name & location of each artery (aortic, renal, & iliac)
4.) Percuss abdomen using zigzag & comment on sound (tympany heard)
5.) Lighlty palpate abdomen using zigzag pattern & comment on findings (no tenderness – ask patient during exam)
What steps are in the lower extremities assessment?
1.) Inspect skin & palpate for temperature (comment on symmetry as well)
2.) Palpate FEMORAL pulse bilaterally (2+)
3.) Palpate POPLITEAL pulse bilaterally (2+)
4.) Palpate POSTERIOR TIBIAL pulse bilaterally (2+)
5.) Palpate DORSALIS PEDIS pulse bilaterally (2+)
6.) Palpate lower extremities for edema
7.) Perform passive ROM of hip (state / comment on flexion, extension, abduction, & adduction)
8.) Perform passive ROM of ankles (state / comment on plantar flexion & dorsiflexion)
