Exam 3 Flashcards
Which sinuses are palpable on exam?
Ch 17
- Maxillary sinus
- Frontal sinus
Describe the difference in the hard & soft palates
Ch 17
- Hard Palate: anterior, more white
- Soft Palate: more pink, posterior
List the salivary glands
Ch 17
- Parotid
- Submandibular
- Sublingual
Which salivary gland is the largest & where is it located?
Ch 17
Parotid: in the cheeks
What is important to keep in mind regarding aging adults when examening the nose, mouth, & throat?
Ch 17
Aging Adults have…
- Diminished smell
- Atrophic tissues (no bulk)
- Dental changes (dentures, teeth loss, etc.)
What are some symptoms of dehydration?
Ch 17
- fissures on the tongue
- dehydrated / dry mucosa
Health History Questions to ask regarding examining the nose
Ch 17
- Discharge: what color is it? what does it look like? how often?
- Frequent Colds: how often?
- Trauma: broken nose? septal deviation?
- Sinus Pain, epistaxis, Allergies, Altered Smell
What steps are done when examining the nose?
Ch 17
Inspect & Palpate
What parts of the nasal cavity should you examine?
Ch 17
- Nasal Septum
- Turbinates
What step(s) are done to examine the sinuses?
Ch 17
Palpate
Palpate the maxillary & frontal sinuses
What step(s) are performed to examine the mouth & what parts of the mouth should be examined?
Ch 17
Inspect
- lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, palate, uvula, teeth, & gums
What step(s) should be performed to examine the throat?
Ch 17
Inspect
Explain the Tonsil Grading Scale
Ch 17
- 1+ = visible
- 2+ = halfway between tonsillar pillars & uvula
- 3+ = touching the uvula
- 4+ = touching one another
What is Herpes Simplex & how long does it take to heal?
Ch 17
- contagious cold sore
- spreads via direct contact
- clear vesicle
- indurated, hard, erythematous at the base
- heals within 4 - 10 days
What is carcinoma & explain the healing process
Ch 17
- hard & indurated
- any lesion lasting MORE THAN 2 WEEKS should be evaluated
What is the major difference between Herpes Simplex & a Carcinoma?
Ch 17
Herpes Simplex usually heals within 4 - 10 days while a any lesion lasting more than 2 weeks should be evaluated as it may be a carcinoma
Explain Candidiasis (or monilial infection)
Ch 17
- White, cheesy patches on the buccal mucosa or tongue (can be scraped off & usually bleeds easily)
- also known as oral thrush / yeast infection
- Common in patients who are on chemotherapy or use antibiotics on a regular basis
What are the signs & symptoms of acute tonsillitis & pharyngitis?
Ch 17
- fever
- sore throat
- pain with swallowing
- enlarged tonsils
- tonsillar exudate
- cervical lymph node enlargement
- rheumatic fever
rheumatic fever is due to untreated strep infection
What is rheumatic fever caused by and what are some symptoms?
Ch 17
Rheumatic Fever: due to untreated strep infection
- causes many multi-system problems
Which of the following is likely to elicit the most information?
a.) How often do you brush your teeth?
b.) Has your sense of taste changed?
c.) Tell me about your daily dental care.
d.) Do you have any problems with your dentures?
Ch 17
c.) Tell me about your daily dental care
Which is an expected finding in darkly pigmented people?
a.) Circumolar pallor
b.) Dappled brown patches on the buccal mucosa
c.) Bluish lips
d.) A chalky white raised patch on the mucosa of the tongue
Ch 17 – KNOW THIS!!!
c.) Bluish lips
Where is the temporomandibular (TMJ) joint located?
Ch 23
anterior to the tragus
What questions should be asked when obtaining health history about joints?
Ch 23
- do you have any pain?
- do you have any stiffness?
- do you have any swelling, heat, or redness?
What questions should be asked when obtaining health history about bones?
Ch 23
- do you have any pain?
- do you have any history of deformity or trauma (fracture, sprain, dislocation) to any bones?
- do you have a history of surgery?