final lab Bio 1

Question 1

which sugars did yeast fermented to in cellular respiration?

Answer 1

glucose, sucrose, glucose mg, and glucose citrate

Question 2

which is a cofactor for enolase and kinase

Answer 2

Mg(magnesium)

Question 3

what are the inhibitors for glycolysis? how do they inhibit?

Answer 3

azide and fluoride

Question 4

what was the wavelength to test for spinach

Answer 4

between 400-700

Question 5

what color is the wavelength 400-430?

Answer 5

violet

Question 6

what color is the wavelength 435-500?

Answer 6

blue

Question 7

what color is the wavelength 500-520?

Answer 7

cyan (blueish)

Question 8

what color is the wavelength 520-565

Answer 8

green

Question 9

what color is the wavelength 565-590?

Answer 9

yellow

Question 10

what color is the wavelength 600-625?

Answer 10

orange

Question 11

what color is the wavelength 625-740?

Answer 11

red

Question 12

what is the acronym for the cell cycle and what are the names

Answer 12

Interphase-cell growth
Prophase-chromosome condense
Pro-metaphase- spindle fibers form and slowly move toward the metal plate
Metaphase aligns in the metaphase plate
Anaphase- gets pulled apart by the spindle fibers
Telophase- new nuclear envelopes forms

Question 13

when does crossover take place in meiosis?

Answer 13

prophase I

Question 14

when does synapsis take place in meiosis?

Answer 14

Prophase I

Question 15

when does the alignment of homologs take place in meiosis?

Answer 15

metaphase I

Question 16

when does reduction division take place in meiosis?

Answer 16

anaphase I

Question 17

when does the separation of sister chromatids take place in meiosis?

Answer 17

anaphase II

Question 18

frame shift mutation

Answer 18

mutation caused by insertion or deletion

Question 19

point mutation

Answer 19

single nucleotide base is change in the DNA sequence

Question 20

nonsense mutation

Answer 20

a stop codon is placed instead of a different amino acid

Question 21

missense mutation

Answer 21

alter the function of a protein with the same code

Question 22

common forms of aneuploidy

Answer 22

trisomy 21( Down syndrome)
trisomy 13( Edwards syndrome)
trisomy 18 ( Patau syndrome)

Question 23

excision repair and mismatch repair mechanism

Answer 23

base excision- correct small DNA lesion (removes damaged base and repairs)
mismatch repair- a highly conserved pathway that maintains stability (insertion or deletion mutation)

Question 24

what is codominance?

Answer 24

two alleles expressed to an equal degree with an organism

Question 25

what is partial-dominance?

Answer 25

both alleles are partially present in the phenotype