Final Info-Ch. 9 Development

Question 1

absolute light sensitivity reaches adult like levels:

Answer 1

6 months

Question 2

absolute light sensitivity graph reaches adult like shape:

Answer 2

at birth

Question 3

infants have more ____ summation

Answer 3

spatial

Question 4

explain why infants have larger critical areas

Answer 4

Ricco’s law- better at summation than resolution at that age

Question 5

increment thresholds obey Weber’s law: (slope of 1)

Answer 5

by 2-4 months

Question 6

increment thresholds obey what law early on?

Answer 6

more like Devries-Rose law

slope of 0.5

Question 7

grating acuity from 0 to 6 months change is:

Answer 7

develops rapidly

Question 8

rule of thumb for 0 to 6 months for grating acuity

Answer 8

age in months = S.F.

Question 9

grating acuity from 6 to 12 months change is:

Answer 9

nothing

Question 10

grating acuity from 12 months on change is

Answer 10

slow gain

Question 11

best case scenario for age when grating acuity reaches 20/20 with forced preferential looking is

Answer 11

36 months

Question 12

best case scenario for age when grating acuity reaches 20/20 with VEP testing is

Answer 12

6 months

Question 13

you can’t measure vernier acuity by FPL until ___ months of age

Answer 13

2

Question 14

vernier acuity has rapid improvements during what months?

Answer 14

2-8 months

Question 15

by ____ months, vernier acuity is better than grating acuity

Answer 15

4-8 months

Question 16

when is verier acuity at full adult level

Answer 16

about 5 years old

Question 17

contrast sensitivity has adult shape (band pass) at:

Answer 17

by 2-3 months

Question 18

contrast sensitivity is adult-like around:

Answer 18

7 years old, but usually later

Question 19

how is contrast sensitivity different in infants (CSF)?

Answer 19

• reduced sensitivity

- lacking high SFs

Question 20

CFF is nearly adult like (50 Hz) by:

Answer 20

2-3 months

Question 21

CFF shape (bandpass) is adult like at:

Answer 21

3 months

Question 22

color vision using VEPs shows functional MWS/LWS cones at:

Answer 22

2 weeks

Question 23

color vision using VEPs shows functional SWS cones at:

Answer 23

5 weeks

Question 24

color vision using VEPs shows “trichomacy” at:

Answer 24

by 5 weeks

Question 25

color vision using FPL shows red-green discrimination evident as early as

Answer 25

2 months

Question 26

color vision using FPL shows red-green discrimination is adult like by

Answer 26

1 year

Question 27

color vision using FPL shows blue-yellow discrimination develops ____ compared to R-G

Answer 27

slower/ slightly later

Question 28

color vision using FPL shows trichromatic by about ___ (theoretically)

Answer 28

3 months

Question 29

shapes of luminous efficiency graphs at birth vs. adult like

Answer 29

both have similar shape to adults at birth, but overall less sensitive

Question 30

using FPL methods, luminous efficiency in scotopic conditions develops at

Answer 30

6 months

Question 31

for photopic luminous efficiency graph using FPL methods, how is the wavelength sensitivity differ in newborns vs. adults

Answer 31

infants have higher sensitivity to short wavelengths b/c photopigments are not as dense, lens is clearer, and there is no macular pigment

Question 32

the infant lens is nearly transparent to ___ nm and above

Answer 32

300

Question 33

the adult lens is transparent above ____ nm

Answer 33

400

Question 34

motion perception for rapid motion is at adult levels:

Answer 34

at birth

Question 35

motion perception for slower motion is at adult levels:

Answer 35

improves gradually with age

Question 36

lid closure in response to bright light develops at:

Answer 36

30 weeks

Question 37

blink response to visual threat develops:

Answer 37

2-5 months