Color Vision Ch.8

Question 1

peak sensitivity for S cones

Answer 1

425 nm

Question 2

peak sensitivity for M cones

Answer 2

530 nm

Question 3

peak sensitivity for L cones

Answer 3

560 nm

Question 4

ratio of L: M: S cones

Answer 4

10L : 5M : 1S

Question 5

___ % of males have some form of CVD

Answer 5

about 8%

Question 6

definition of anomalous trichromats

Answer 6

• 3 one photopigments

- 1 of the photopigments is “different” than normal

Question 7

prevalence of anomalous trichromats

Answer 7

~6% males

<0.4% females

Question 8

SWS anomalous trichromacy is called

Answer 8

tritanomaly

Question 9

MWS anaomalous trichromacy is called

Answer 9

deuteranomaly

Question 10

prevalence of deuteranomaly (DA)

Answer 10

5% of males

Question 11

prevalence of protanomaly (PA)

Answer 11

1% of males

Question 12

definition of dichromats

Answer 12

• 2 cone photopigments

- 1 of the photopigments is missing

Question 13

prevalence of dichromats

Answer 13

2% of males

<0.2% of females

Question 14

dichromat with SWS missing

Answer 14

tritanopia

Question 15

dichromat with MWS missing

Answer 15

deutranopia

Question 16

prevalence of deuteranopia

Answer 16

1% of males

Question 17

dichromate with LWS missing

Answer 17

protanopia

Question 18

prevalence of protanopia

Answer 18

1% of males

Question 19

how does the action spectrum shift in anomalous trichromats?

Answer 19

affected photopigment’s action spectrum is shifted toward the other ‘normal’ photopigment

Question 20

dichromats: SWS is coded for on what chromosome?

Answer 20

chromosome 7

Question 21

what inheritance pattern is for blue-yellow deficiency (SWS)?

Answer 21

autosomal dominant (AD)

Question 22

dichromats: MWS/LWS coded for on what chromosome?

Answer 22

on the X-chromosome

Question 23

what inheritance pattern is for red-green deficiency (MWS/LWS)?

Answer 23

x-linked recessive (XLR)

Question 24

prevalence of rod monochromats?

Answer 24

< 1 in 30,000

Question 25

rod monochromats have what inheritance pattern and what chromosome involved?

Answer 25

chromosome 2, autosomal recessive (AR)

Question 26

what type of CVDs have neutral points

Answer 26

only dichromate have confusion lines, copunctal points, and neutral points

Question 27

confusion lines represent:

Answer 27

colors that cannot be discriminated by dichromate

Question 28

what is the copunctal (convergence) point?

Answer 28

point where confusion lines converge

Question 29

what is the neutral point?

Answer 29

point on spectral locus, on a confusion line going through white and the copunctal point

Question 30

for dichromat type protanopia, what is the neutral point?

Answer 30

495

Question 31

for dichromat type deuteranopia, what is the neutral point?

Answer 31

about 500

Question 32

for dichromat type tritanopia, what is the neutral point?

Answer 32

570

Question 33

protanopia mixes white with what color?

Answer 33

blue-green (cyan)

Question 34

deuteranopia mixes white with what color?

Answer 34

green

Question 35

tritanopia mixes white with what color?

Answer 35

yellow

Question 36

color normal people have their best wavelength discrimination at:

Answer 36

490nm and 590nm

Question 37

color normal people (at their best wavelength discrimination points) have __ wavelength discrimination

Answer 37

1 wavelength discrimination

Question 38

protanopia and deuteranopia have their best wavelength discrimination at:

Answer 38

about 490 nm

Question 39

what is important about the neutral point for D and P’s wavelength and saturation discrimination?

Answer 39

• best wavelength discrimination at NP

- worse saturation discrimination at NP

Question 40

what is the Sloan achromatopsia test used for?

Answer 40

testing for total color blindness (rod monochromats)

Question 41

isomers are:

Answer 41

two lights that look the same and are physically the same

Question 42

metamers are:

Answer 42

two lights that look the same, but are physically different

Question 43

what is the gold standard for testing ‘red-green deficiencies’

Answer 43

anomaloscope

Question 44

“illum C” equivalent source must have a color temperature range of:

Answer 44

6000-7000 K (bluish-whiteish)

Question 45

“illum C” equivalent source must have a color rendering index of:

Answer 45

> 90 (out of 100)