Color Vision Ch.8 Flashcards
peak sensitivity for S cones
425 nm
peak sensitivity for M cones
530 nm
peak sensitivity for L cones
560 nm
ratio of L: M: S cones
10L : 5M : 1S
___ % of males have some form of CVD
about 8%
definition of anomalous trichromats
- 3 one photopigments
- 1 of the photopigments is “different” than normal
prevalence of anomalous trichromats
~6% males
<0.4% females
SWS anomalous trichromacy is called
tritanomaly
MWS anaomalous trichromacy is called
deuteranomaly
prevalence of deuteranomaly (DA)
5% of males
prevalence of protanomaly (PA)
1% of males
definition of dichromats
- 2 cone photopigments
- 1 of the photopigments is missing
prevalence of dichromats
2% of males
<0.2% of females
dichromat with SWS missing
tritanopia
dichromat with MWS missing
deutranopia
prevalence of deuteranopia
1% of males
dichromate with LWS missing
protanopia
prevalence of protanopia
1% of males
how does the action spectrum shift in anomalous trichromats?
affected photopigment’s action spectrum is shifted toward the other ‘normal’ photopigment
dichromats: SWS is coded for on what chromosome?
chromosome 7
what inheritance pattern is for blue-yellow deficiency (SWS)?
autosomal dominant (AD)
dichromats: MWS/LWS coded for on what chromosome?
on the X-chromosome
what inheritance pattern is for red-green deficiency (MWS/LWS)?
x-linked recessive (XLR)
prevalence of rod monochromats?
< 1 in 30,000
rod monochromats have what inheritance pattern and what chromosome involved?
chromosome 2, autosomal recessive (AR)
what type of CVDs have neutral points
only dichromate have confusion lines, copunctal points, and neutral points
confusion lines represent:
colors that cannot be discriminated by dichromate
what is the copunctal (convergence) point?
point where confusion lines converge
what is the neutral point?
point on spectral locus, on a confusion line going through white and the copunctal point
for dichromat type protanopia, what is the neutral point?
495
for dichromat type deuteranopia, what is the neutral point?
about 500
for dichromat type tritanopia, what is the neutral point?
570
protanopia mixes white with what color?
blue-green (cyan)
deuteranopia mixes white with what color?
green
tritanopia mixes white with what color?
yellow
color normal people have their best wavelength discrimination at:
490nm and 590nm
color normal people (at their best wavelength discrimination points) have __ wavelength discrimination
1 wavelength discrimination
protanopia and deuteranopia have their best wavelength discrimination at:
about 490 nm
what is important about the neutral point for D and P’s wavelength and saturation discrimination?
- best wavelength discrimination at NP
- worse saturation discrimination at NP
what is the Sloan achromatopsia test used for?
testing for total color blindness (rod monochromats)
isomers are:
two lights that look the same and are physically the same
metamers are:
two lights that look the same, but are physically different
what is the gold standard for testing ‘red-green deficiencies’
anomaloscope
“illum C” equivalent source must have a color temperature range of:
6000-7000 K (bluish-whiteish)
“illum C” equivalent source must have a color rendering index of:
> 90 (out of 100)
