FINAL - III - Culture and Language:

Question 1

morphemes:

Answer 1

smallest units that convey meaning in a word.

Question 2

syntax:

Answer 2

ordering and arrangement that’s used to produce coherent thought.

Question 3

phonemes:

Answer 3

smallest sound units that are the logically ordered and patterned sound preferences used by language speakers.

Question 4

speech community:

Answer 4

group of people who share a set of norms and rules for the use of language.

(essentially, this is scaling down the larger descriptor of “language speakers” to smaller social groups).

Question 5

parole (speech):

Answer 5

how people actually speak.

Question 6

sociolinguists:

Answer 6

specialization within anthropological linguistics focused on language use, and the impact of sociocultural context and norms in shaping languages.

Question 7

dialects:

Answer 7

regional or social variants of languages.

Question 8

dialects are influenced by:

Answer 8

• ancestral language(s)
• geological bounders, especially if they are isolated
• social preferences and attitudes

Question 9

dialects may include variations in:

Answer 9

• pronunciation
• body language
• vocabulary
• timing
• gender/age rules
• socio-economic status

Question 10

Kinesics:

Answer 10

studies the role of bodily motions in communication. (how we touch –haptics– to convey messages as part of the speech act experience)

Ex: facial expressions

Question 11

Proxemics:

Answer 11

studies meanings conveyed by space and distance

cross-culturally, space preferences vary greatly

Question 12

convergence:

Answer 12

merging of languages. borrowing/adopting of words, phrases, sound