FINAL - II - Cultural Identities - Race, Ethnicity, and Gender: Flashcards
T/F: Race is a social construct, NOT a biological fact.
True!
genotype:
genetic potential
phenotype:
expressed genes
genealogical amnesia:
social process where people recall family members they maintain regular relationships with.
ethnic group:
social group based on perception of shared ancestry, cultural tradition, and common history that culturally distinguish that group from other groups.
TWO main attributes that help define and identify an ethic group?
- An origin myth and/or history
* Ethnic boundary markers (clothes, language, foods)
Ethnogenesis:
emergence of new ethnicities.
Fluidity of Ethnic groups?
Ethic groups can vanish as people move between ethnic groups and new ethnic groups can emerge
TWO ways ethnogenesis occurs?
- Splitting - portion of group splits away and forms new ethnic group.
- Merging - members of two/more groups fuse; forming a new ethnic group.
ethnocide:
purposeful destruction of ethnic groups
usually through absorbing into population of a larger group
T/F: Gender is a cultural creation.
True! Like race and ethnicity.
biological sex:
not binary (male, female, and intersexed). frequently refers to reproductive forms and functions of the body.
Q: Are gender and biological sex the same thing?
NO. But they can inform each other.
Gender:
encompasses the roles, relationships, values, and positions in society that are permitted to members of each gender category.
gender marker boundaries:
- voice
- physique
- hairstyle
- dress
- behavior
- body movements
- spatial and touch preferences
- language use
- occupations
- hobbies
T/F: gender marker boundaries are dynamic and changing, though they may feel rigidly applied at times.
True!
sexuality/sexual orientation:
typically used to describe which biological sex(es) or genders that individuals are attracted to
third genders:
category found in societies that acknowledge three or more gender categories.
hijras (India):
males who are sexually impotent, either because they were born intersex or because they went castration.
-“man minus man” or “male plus female” because they dress and talk like women, act like women.
members of a third gender who have special social status by virtue of their devotion to Bahuchara Mata, one of many versions of the Mother Goddess worshipped throughout Inda.
What do the Hua believe?
that gender changes over time. instead of M/F, genders are comprised as:
Figapa: bodies contain hight quantities of substances symbolically considered feminine (NU)
Kakora: bodies are depleted of NU.
