FINAL - II - Cultural Identities - Race, Ethnicity, and Gender:

Question 1

T/F: Race is a social construct, NOT a biological fact.

Answer 1

True!

Question 2

genotype:

Answer 2

genetic potential

Question 3

phenotype:

Answer 3

expressed genes

Question 4

genealogical amnesia:

Answer 4

social process where people recall family members they maintain regular relationships with.

Question 5

ethnic group:

Answer 5

social group based on perception of shared ancestry, cultural tradition, and common history that culturally distinguish that group from other groups.

Question 6

TWO main attributes that help define and identify an ethic group?

Answer 6

• An origin myth and/or history

* Ethnic boundary markers (clothes, language, foods)

Question 7

Ethnogenesis:

Answer 7

emergence of new ethnicities.

Question 8

Fluidity of Ethnic groups?

Answer 8

Ethic groups can vanish as people move between ethnic groups and new ethnic groups can emerge

Question 9

TWO ways ethnogenesis occurs?

Answer 9

1. Splitting - portion of group splits away and forms new ethnic group.
2. Merging - members of two/more groups fuse; forming a new ethnic group.

Question 10

ethnocide:

Answer 10

purposeful destruction of ethnic groups

usually through absorbing into population of a larger group

Question 11

T/F: Gender is a cultural creation.

Answer 11

True! Like race and ethnicity.

Question 12

biological sex:

Answer 12

not binary (male, female, and intersexed). frequently refers to reproductive forms and functions of the body.

Question 13

Q: Are gender and biological sex the same thing?

Answer 13

NO. But they can inform each other.

Question 14

Gender:

Answer 14

encompasses the roles, relationships, values, and positions in society that are permitted to members of each gender category.

Question 15

gender marker boundaries:

Answer 15

• voice
• physique
• hairstyle
• dress
• behavior
• body movements
• spatial and touch preferences
• language use
• occupations
• hobbies

Question 16

T/F: gender marker boundaries are dynamic and changing, though they may feel rigidly applied at times.

Answer 16

True!

Question 17

sexuality/sexual orientation:

Answer 17

typically used to describe which biological sex(es) or genders that individuals are attracted to

Question 18

third genders:

Answer 18

category found in societies that acknowledge three or more gender categories.

Question 19

hijras (India):

Answer 19

males who are sexually impotent, either because they were born intersex or because they went castration.

-“man minus man” or “male plus female” because they dress and talk like women, act like women.

members of a third gender who have special social status by virtue of their devotion to Bahuchara Mata, one of many versions of the Mother Goddess worshipped throughout Inda.

Question 20

What do the Hua believe?

Answer 20

that gender changes over time. instead of M/F, genders are comprised as:

Figapa: bodies contain hight quantities of substances symbolically considered feminine (NU)

Kakora: bodies are depleted of NU.