Final: Identifications Flashcards
1
Q
Total War
A
- When: 1940
- Who: German Luftwaffe and the British people
- Where: Battle of Britain
- What: Complete destructive warfare where no life is held under concern during battle; no distinction between citizens and soldiers; total war is complete war where anything is under duress of destruction
- Why: First time we see mass civilian casualties; never used again due to destruction, every war after was limited war
2
Q
Blitzkrieg
A
- When: September 1, 1939
- Who: German military
- Where: Poland
- What: A “lightning war” used to cause quick capitulations of enemy nations by both ground and air; it bombed the ground by air as the militia invaded by ground
- Why: It caused a quick, decisive victory and surrender over Poland and others; surprised others with its quick ferocity; no longer any trench warfare
3
Q
Alphabet Soup
A
- When: 1933
- Who: Franklin D. Roosevelt
- Where: United States
- What: Federal agencies created as part of the New Deal
- Why: Used to combat the Great Depression and unemployment; by involving the government more, it would combat the communistic tendencies
4
Q
The Battle of the Bulge
A
- When: December 16, 1944 - January 25, 1945
- Who: Germany and Allied Forces
- Where: Belgium
- What: A surprise attack by Germany during the winter on the Allies to try and divide and weaken the Allied troops in Belgium
- Why: This was Hitler’s last major offensive stand
5
Q
League of Nations
A
- When: June 28, 1919
- Who: President Wilson
- Where: Versailles, France
- What: Wilson’s 14 Points led to the formation of the League of Nations following World War I
- Why: First intergovernmental alliance, foreshadowing the formation of the United Nations; tried to prevent war from happening again
6
Q
Fascism
A
- When: 1925
- Who: Mussolini
- Where: Italy
- What: A totalitarian state where all aspects of life are controlled by a single leader; did not persecute specific peoples or completely destroy old power structures
- Why: Italy’s totalitarian state partnered with Germany in WWII, creating a spread of communist principles across the continent
7
Q
Nazism
A
- When: January 1933
- Who: Adolf Hitler
- Where: Germany
- What: A totalitarian state where all aspects of life are controlled by a single leader; the middle class survived, but many persecuted (blacks, Jews, etc.)
- Why: Overtook much of the European continent with the belief in a dominant Aryan race, challenging capitalist countries with a “superior” belief; Hitler is known as one of history’s greatest villains
8
Q
Communism
A
- When: 1928
- Who: Joseph Stalin
- Where: Soviet Union
- What: A totalitarian state where all aspects of life are controlled by a single leader; the middle class was destroyed and no one was safe from the dictator’s authoritative rule
- Why: The Soviet Union backed the Allies against the Nazis, but turned on them overnight following WWII because of a difference of opinion on how to handle the distraught German people
9
Q
Five-Year Plan
A
- When: 1928-1932
- Who: Joseph Stalin
- Where: Soviet Union
- What: Goal was to transform the Soviet Union into an industrial country overnight
- Why: Stalin hoped to catch up to the more advanced Western capitalist nations, and industrial production quadrupled between 1928 and 1937
10
Q
Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
A
- When: 1923
- Who: Adolf Hitler
- Where: German prison
- What: A book filled with Hitler’s political ideologies; written while in jail
- Why: Foretold the world of his anti-Semitism, extreme Nationalism, and desire to become Fuhrer; no one stops his crazy discussion
11
Q
Kamikaze
A
- When: Summer 1945
- Who: U.S. Navy, Japanese air forces
- Where: In the Pacific
- What: Suicide attacks by Japanese military aviators against the Allied navy
- Why: Last ditch effort by the Japanese to win the war
12
Q
Stalingrad
A
- When: August 23, 1942 - February 2, 1943
- Who: Soviet and German armies
- Where: Stalingrad, Soviet Union, a city on the Volga River
- What: A massive battle in the Soviet Union involving a slow moving attack by the Germans and a large counterattack by the Allied forces
- Why: The beginning of the end for the Nazis and the Reich
13
Q
Hiroshima
A
- When: August 6, 1945
- Who: U.S. in Japan
- Where: Hiroshima, Japan
- What: An atomic bomb, called Little Boy, was dropped in Japan with hopes to force an end on World War II
- Why: Prompted another atomic bomb because the Japanese refused to surrender after 120,000 people died (2nd bomb dropped in Nakajima, which eventually ended World War II, initiated the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union)
14
Q
The Truman Doctrine
A
- When: March 1947
- Who: United States, Communist leaders
- Where: Eastern Europe
- What: The United States would provide money to countries that claimed they were threatened by Communist expansion
- Why: The United States was trying to stop communism from spreading out of the East
15
Q
The Marshall Plan
A
- When: June 1947
- Who: Harry Truman
- Where: Western Europe
- What: $13 billion in economic aid to rebuild Europe post-World War II
- Why: The United States was trying to stop communism from spreading out of the Far East
