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Comm, Tech, & Society > Final for CT&S > Flashcards

Final for CT&S Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The problematic

A

Rich media will make poor democracy?

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2
Q

How media giants can control the global market

A

Deregulation of media ownership, privatization in European & Aisan markets & new communication technologies

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3
Q

*Horizontal integration

A

Control a significant slice of specific media sectors

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4
Q

*Neoliberalism

A

“Free market”; deregulation; see more privatization in media

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5
Q

Cultural Imperialism vs Cultural Protectionism

A

Cultural Imperialism - to do w/ empire; to a certain degree; the colonizers
Cultural Protectionism - Quotas; Gov’t uses polocies to protect culture; ex) Tawain only allow 20 movies to import bc they worry.

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6
Q

The global commercial media system is radical in the following aspects

A

Respect no tradition or custom, since it is profit-oriented.
However, politically it is quite conservative: preserve is a status quo, dont challenge the capitalist economic structure (unequal social relations)

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7
Q

The press as the Fourth Estate

A

Constantly accused of dominating markets, dumbing down the news to plump up the bottom line & forcing U.S. content on world audiences.

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8
Q

More regulation of media is NOT in the public interest

A

Free-market ideology, only free competitionwill create freer marketplace of ideas

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9
Q
  • Telecommunication Acts of 1996

- Clear Channel’s domincation of radio

A
  • Represented a major change in American telecommunication law since internet as included in broadcasting and spectrum allotmen.
  • Clear Channel maintains a similar chokehold on live music in almost every city in America; Controls so much, but why if media is public?
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10
Q

History/story of Clearn Channel reaches 200 million ppl, more than 70% of the Amer. ppl

A

They own 1,225 stations within the U.S., around 11% overall.
Broadcast from at least 200 more stations abroad, and they own or control more live-music venues than any other company.

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11
Q

Clear Channel build its empire not from

A

new franchises, but by local operations

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12
Q

Music business is ‘symbiosis’ between radio stations & music talents

A

Clear Channel wants you to identify with the brand so fully that you don’t recognize it as a brand at all but rather as yourself

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13
Q

The debate over radio

A

The airwave is a provate property or public resources

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14
Q

Google changed the concept of time

A

make our past “present and permanent; radical notion for a medium usually defined by its ability to constantly update itself

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15
Q

Archives & privacy

A

Kahle & Gilliat began the process of archiving web into a big permanent album.
Privacy & security will trample by the obscure internet archive & mainstream google

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16
Q

*Weblog

A

self-published e-mail journals; transform passive audience to participatory public

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17
Q

*Mass communication

A

Public communication carefully information by the media giants -> individual expression of a worldwide scale

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18
Q

R.Blood quotes

A

“Weblogs are no panacea for the crippling effects of a media-saturated culture but they are one antidote”

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19
Q

R. Williams

A

TV is not just pictures, but “flow”(flood of images); TV & drama in built into our daily life

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20
Q

Constant TV households

A

Homes which tv is on most of the time

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21
Q

Who watches more?

A

Japs watch more tv than Amer & Amer more than Western Europeans

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22
Q

Marshal McLuhan says technology

A

is an extension of man/humankind; ambivalent = mixed

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23
Q

Unlimmited media, economic expansion, individual desire

A

Modern society helps us cultivate our desires

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24
Q

Culture of unlimmited

A

keep helping us with our imagination of our images

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25
Q

Table 9-1 Distinguishing features of new media/formats

A

1) Multimedia: Web
2) Audience Participation: Web, & Townhalls
3) Caller Feedback: Web, Townhalls, Call-in TV, & Radio
4) Visuals: Web, Townhalls, Call-in TV, & TV
5) Audio: Web, Townhalls, Call-in TV, Talk Radio, &TV

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26
Q

Civic relevance of new media/formats

A

1) Political entertainment TV
2) Political talk radio
3) Political call-in-TV
4) Electronic townhall forum
5) Internet

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27
Q

The consequence of a fragmented speech market

A

Negative dark side; info can be filtered - w/ this power, then can have thier own kind of media (what we want).

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28
Q

Daily me generation

A

?

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29
Q

New communication technologies make self-segregation possible

A

More & louder echoes of their own voices

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30
Q

*Fairness Doctrine

A

Broadcast; share different views to be fair; Group

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31
Q

*Digital Divide

A

Never only a technical issue, but a broader social issue

32
Q

J. Light quotes

A

“Technology is not neutral tool w/ universal effects. But rather a medium w/ consequences that are significantly shaped by the historical, social & cultural context of its use”

33
Q

Telephone w/ universal service

A

Having been part of the impetus for creating the FCC in 1934

34
Q

The naive view of overcoming digital divide

A

Introducing computers, creating cyberspace, which can free inividuals from other social constraints

35
Q

Big mistake of arguing about getting rid of the digital divide

A

Will overcome the social divide, creating technological utopia willl help us construct a social utopia

36
Q

Historical case of cable TV in late 1960s

A

Technological fix of a social (racial) inequality … constructing a wired city, & wired nation

37
Q

Ideally, cable TV designed to become

A

A public info utility, a tool for social reform. BUT in reality cable tv becomes another medium for commercialized entertainment

38
Q

Digital divide debate is based upon a

A

technological determinist assumption that closing gaps in access to computers will mitigate broader inequalities; technological change -> social change

39
Q

Conclusion of rethinking the digital divide

A

History of cable tv and other innovative technologies have showed us the political and commercial interests always shape the ultimate form & use of technology

40
Q

Demensions of Access across Levels of Analysis

A 
Individual
-Content: Cognitive
-Technological: Physical
Aggregate
-Content: Social
-Technological: System
41
Q

*Technological access

A

Physical access to a computer and system access (access to the network)

42
Q

Content access and motivation to use IT

A

Motivation to use IT has a lot to do with self-efficacy & system efficacy.
Self-Efficacy: the sense of being able to cope w/ social world
System Efficacy: a sense of how well the social system works to generate individual motivations

43
Q

Congnitive access to images is

A

Egalitarian, regardless of SES status; BUT the process textual info requires the recognition & decoding of abstract symbols

44
Q

Internet access as a nonlinear process

A

challenges the linear model of communication

45
Q

Difference between Linear mass media system & Interactive (non-linear) internet

A

the focus of content creation can shift partly if not wholly from the sender (or server) of the communication dyad to the receiver (or client) side

46
Q

Summary of Routes to Media Access

A

1) Social & psychological circumstances affect basic psychological process should be considered
2) A broader psychological process should be considered for the internet use than electronic media use

47
Q

The problematic of free

A

Freeing cultural and intellectual resources is absolutely vital to the creation & sharing of new art forms

48
Q

Destiny of internet in this country

A

Their early promise to establish a many to many communication, eventually turns to be commercialized medium

49
Q

Apple computers’s slogan

A

Rip(copy), mix(reform it), & burn(publish it)

50
Q

Culture needs to combine

A

Create & share, we should keep the barriers to this creativity as low as possible

51
Q

Free, free society as a moral question

A

Freedom to innovate; It also a consitutional question: Are we to be a free society?

52
Q

Snoop technnology & its threat to private spaces

A

Surveillance camera & recording equipment

53
Q

Only solution to protect privacy

A

Have concerned & informed consumers

54
Q

How these technologies will be controlled & who can access them

A

?

55
Q

Any solution to current surveillance society

A

Endless critique the weapon of criticism

56
Q

Democracy is dependent upon “check & balances”

A

to hold those responsible accountable always suspicious of any authority & distrust gov’t: the true american spirit

57
Q

Without accountability

A

Openness & freedom is never possible

58
Q

The concept of social networking

A

Not new, & many of the components of the early Facebook were originally pioneered by others

59
Q

Facebook as a ‘utility’

A

consumed w/ daily crisis; Implemented “Cookies” on computers; Goal is to help people understand the world around them

60
Q

*Social Graph

A

Important selling point of fb; Summing all news feeds together; brings you back

61
Q

Facebook & ‘voyeurism and exhibitionism’

A

?

62
Q

Newsfeed in Facebook

A

?

63
Q

One ‘genuine identity’ on Facebook

A

?

64
Q

Facebook’s emphasis on transparency

A

?

65
Q

Facebook & ambient intimacy

A

?

66
Q

Facebook & the idea of ‘a trusted referral is the Holy Grail of advertising’

A

?

67
Q

Facebook & ‘engagement ad’

A

A modest-looking message from an advertiser on users’ home pages that invites them to do something right on the page

68
Q

Social networking is becoming social production

A

Starbucks gives away coupons for free cups of coffee

69
Q

The identity-based nature of Facebook

A

Facebook’s values, interests, tone behavior and language use are what users experience inside Facebook are the same ones they are familiar with every day in the offline world

70
Q

Facebook moral component

A

More info will create more empathy

71
Q

Zuckerberg’s ‘gift economy’

A

A new alternative to the market economy; The “gift” is what we do for others when we put our ideas out there and make ourselves vulnerable to criticism

72
Q

Zuckerberg’s gambling that ppl will care less & less about privacy

A

Zuckerberg believed that over time people will forget about the privacy and will want all the additional information that will be coming their way

73
Q

Facebook as the storehouse for info

A

Facebook will evolve beyond being just a ‘site’; Its services will be available world wide and will become the storehouse of information.

74
Q

Facebook model vs Google model

A

Google’s platform primarily gets its information by tracking things that are going on using a term they call “crawling”

Facebook’s platform believes that if people share what they want to share and give them good tools to use to share then you can get even more information shared.

75
Q

Facebook vs Gov’t

A

Facebook is believed to know more about and individual than the government does; Officials question if Facebook, now being a crucial civic and legal and national security infrastructure, should own the rights to maintain it?

76
Q

Facebook and McLuhan’s idea of ‘global village’

A

Facebook has not entirely reached this point yet however there has never been a previous tool that has ever extended a “creative process of knowing” so widely as Facebook has done.

77
Q

*Social Stream

A

The massive stream of information that is heavily shared amount Facebook’s users.

Comm, Tech, & Society (4 decks)

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