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Positioning semester 2 > FINAL femur/pelvic girdle > Flashcards

FINAL femur/pelvic girdle Flashcards

1
Q

where are two common sites of fractures in the elderly?

A

femoral neck and intertrochanteric crest

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2
Q

what does the pelvis consist of

A

2 hip bones
sacrum
coccyx

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3
Q

what consists of the pelvic girdle

A

2 hip bones

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4
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the hip bone

A

illium
ischium
pubis

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5
Q

the ilium ischium and pubis join together to form what?

A

the acetabulum

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6
Q

ala

A

part of the ilium

wing

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7
Q

T or F the obturator foramen is the larges foramen in the body

A

TRUE

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8
Q

pelvic brim

A

divides the pelvic area into 2 cavities

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9
Q

greater/false pelvis

A

area superior to pelvic brim

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10
Q

lesser/true pelvis

A

area inferior to the plane through the pelvic brim

forms the actual birth canal

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11
Q

what is the ruler that is used to measure the inlet and outlet of mothers pelvis and the babys head

A

colcher-sussman ruler

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12
Q

male pelvis

A

narrow, deep
smaller angle of pubic arch
inlet is more heart shaped

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13
Q

female pelvis

A

wide, shallow
larger angle of pubic arch
inlet more rounded
have flared ala

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14
Q

evidence of a hip fracture

A

external rotation of the involved hip

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15
Q

FEMUR

basic projections

A

AP
lateral (distal femur)
lateral (mid and proximal femur)

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16
Q

PELVIS

basic projections

A

AP

AP bilateral frog leg (modified cleaves)

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17
Q

PELVIS

special projections

A

AP axial outlet (Taylor method)
AP axial inlet
AP oblique projection (Judet method)
PA axial oblique projection (Teufel method)

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18
Q

HIP

basic projections

A

AP
Axiolateral inferosuperior projection (Danelius Miller)
Unilateral frog leg projection mediolateral (modified cleaves)

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19
Q

HIP

special projections

A

Modified axiolateral (Clements Nakayama method)

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20
Q

how do you find the head and neck of the femur?

A

determine midpoint of line between ASIS and pubic symphysis
head is 1.5inches distal to that point
neck is 2.5 inches distal to that point

21
Q

internal rotation of the leg shows what in profile

A

the greater trochanter

22
Q

external rotation of the leg shows what in profile

A

the lesser trochanter

23
Q

bony thorax consists of

A

sternum
thoracic vertebrae
12 pairs of ribs

24
Q

sternum consists of

A

manubrium
body
xiphoid process

25
Q

manubrium is at the level of

A

T2 T3

26
Q

clavicular notches

A

articulate with the sternal end of the clavicle

form the sternoclavicular joints

27
Q

xiphoid process is at the level of

A

T9 T10

28
Q

when does the sternum become totally ossified?

A

about age 40

29
Q

true or false

anterior ribs do not unite directly with the sternum but with a short piece of cartilage

A

TRUE

30
Q

rib cartilage =

A

costocartilage

31
Q

the sternal angle is at the level of

A

T4 T5

32
Q

True or false

the costocartilage of ribs 8 9 and 10 connect to rib 7

A

TRUE

33
Q

True ribs

A

first 7 ribs

34
Q

False ribs

A

8-12

35
Q

floating ribs

A

11- 12

do not have costocartilage

36
Q

posterior ribs are how many inches higher than the anterior end

A

3-5 inches higher

37
Q

what are the ends of the rib

A

vertebral and sternal end

38
Q

vertebral end of the rib has 3 parts

A

head
neck
tubercle

39
Q

the tubercle of the rib articulates with

A

the transverse process of the vertebra

40
Q

angle of the rib

A

where the body arches

41
Q

costal groove

A

contains an artery, vein and nerve

42
Q

which ribs are short broad and the most vertical?

A

the 1st ribs

43
Q

costotransverse joint

A

articulation between tubercle of rib and the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra

44
Q

costovertebral joint

A

articulation between the head of the rib and the demifacets of the body of the thoracic vertebrae

45
Q

sternum positioning

for a thin or shallow chest do you need more or less obliquity?

A

MORE

20degrees

46
Q

sternum positioning

for a large barrel chested patient do you need more or less obliquity?

A

LESS

15 degrees

47
Q

flail chest

A

fracture of adjacent ribs in 2 or more places
caused by blunt trauma
can lead to instability of chest wall

48
Q

pectus carinatum (pigeon breast)

A

congenital defect

anterior protrusion of lower sternum adn xiphoid

49
Q

pectus excavatum

A

congenital condition
funnel chest
depressed sternum
often corrected surgically

Positioning semester 2 (4 decks)

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