Final- Female Repro & Ca Metabolism Flashcards
What is the function of the cervix?
Seperates a sterile (uerus) environment from a non-sterile (vagina) environment
T/F- The ovaries are the only source of hormones in the female reproductive system.
True- all the rest are hormone targets
Main difference between ovarian & menstrual/estrous cycle
Ovarian- series of events in ovaries
Estrous- Concurrent series of changes in uterine endometrium
What do the ovaries produce?
progesterone, estrogens, inhibin, relaxin, and the gametes
What tissue in the ovary is a source of ovarian cancer?
Germinal epithelium
Where does follicular maturation occur in the ovaries?
Cortex
What part of the ovaries contains the blood & lymph vessels that provide it with nourishment?
Medulla
What encapsulates the oocytes in various stages of development within the ovaries?
Ovarian follicles
_______ is the remnants of the mature follicle after ovulation
Corpus luteum
T/F the Corpus Luteum produces progesterones, estrogens, relaxin, and inhin
T
T/F Oogenesis begins after females are born
F- Before
T/F Most germ cells degenerate before birth in females
T
In what species is folliculogenesis essentially reversed (medulla producing oocytes, cortex providing nourishment)
horses
During follicular development ________ follicles develop into _______ follicles which then develop into ________ follicles
Primordial, primary, secondary
In the primary follicules, the primary oocyte is surrounded by __________ cells
Granulosa
What two types of cells in the secondary follicles play an important role in estrogen development
granulosa & Theca cells
What stimulates the development of primordial follicles?
FSH & LH
T/F You need both Theca & Granulosa cells to produce estrogen
T
_______ bind to Theca cells and cause them to produce ________
LH, Testosterone
______ Binds to granulosal cells and transform the testosterone created by the Theca cell and converts it to ________
FSH, Estradiol
Granulosal cells are homologous to _______ cells in the male
Sertoli
T/F Estrogen in normally stimulatory to LH and GnRh
False- inhibitory- when levels rise it becomes stimulatory
GnRH release from the surge center is controlled by __________ accompanied by ___________
High estrogen & low progesterone
GnRH release from the _______ center is influenced by progesterone
tonic
What species are induced ovulators?
Rabbits, cats, ferrets, minks
What induces ovulation in camels?
presence of seminal plasma in the female repro tract
What is a factor in males that triggers signaling of ovulation in females?
Nerve growth factor
What does the corpus luteum degenerate into?
corpus albicans
What is the function of FSH in females?
Intiation of follicular growth & stimulation of follicules to secrete estrogen`
What are the functions of LH in females
Stimulates development of ovarian follicles, & their secretion of estrogen; stimulates thecal cells to produce androgens; triggers ovulation; promotes formation of corpus luteum
What are the 3 layers of the uterine tubes?
mucosa, muscularis, and serosa
T/F the isthmus is the widest/longest portion of the uterine tube
F- ampulla is
What supplements and protects sperm within the uterus?
Cervical mucus
_______ stimulates epithelial proliferation within the uterus
Estrogen
_________ stimulates glandular secretion within the uterus
progesterone
