Final (extra info)

Question 1

difference between delirium and dementia

Answer 1

delirium is acute
dementia is long-term and slow onset

Question 2

delirium is an ________ change in brain causing mental and emotional ____________. Dementia is a general term for decline in ___________, ____________, and _________-___________ skills.

Answer 2

abrupt
confusion
memory
learning
problem-solving

Question 3

delirium is often caused by _________ _________ issues

Answer 3

physical medical

Question 4

who are most at risk for delirium?

Answer 4

children and the elderly

Question 5

diffuse damage

Answer 5

widespread (ex: oxygen deprivation)

Question 6

focal damage is much more specific. examples…

Answer 6

brain lesions, TBI, stroke stopping blood flow to certain parts of the brain

Question 7

delirium is often treated with _________ and is/is not reversible

Answer 7

medication
IS reversible

Question 8

how many major cognitive disorders

Answer 8

over 50

Question 9

top two most common major neurocognitive disorders

Answer 9

Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s

Question 10

Huntington’s disease

Answer 10

irregular involuntary movements that flow randomly from one part of body to another (usually fatal within 20 years)

Question 11

strong links between Alzheimer’s and ____________ issues

Answer 11

metabolic
(“type 3 diabetes,” linked to glucose, eating)

Question 12

Alzheimer’s risk factors

Answer 12

lower socioeconomic status, obesity, diabetes, head trauma, current smoker, gender (lonely females), advanced age

Question 13

Alzheimer’s causes destruction of ______

Answer 13

ACH

Question 14

Vascular dementia (often confused with Alzheimer’s):

Answer 14

dementia caused by damage to blood flow in brain

Question 15

amnestic disorder

Answer 15

big disturbance in short term memory (caused by brain damage)

Question 16

who is at a higher risk of TBI?

Answer 16

children and the elderly

Question 17

retrograde amnesia

Answer 17

you forget things that happened before onset of amnesia

Question 18

anterograde amnesia

Answer 18

prevents you from forming new memories after onset

Question 19

why are young children so vulnerable to psychological problems?

Answer 19

they don’t have a good sense of identity or the world around them due to lack of experiences

Question 20

most common disorder among kids (especially girls)

Answer 20

anxiety

Question 21

what often precedes separation anxiety?

Answer 21

an identifiable stressor like death of a pet or relative

Question 22

most common treatments for childhood anxiety

Answer 22

medication and CBT

Question 23

how does childhood depression often present that is different than in adults?

Answer 23

irritability, acting out

Question 24

externalizing disorders

Answer 24

focus is on outward behaviors (ODD, conduct disorder, etc.)

Question 25

ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder)

Answer 25

defiant, disobedient and hostile behavior towards authority figures

Question 26

ODD subtypes

Answer 26

angry/irritable mood
argumentative/defiant behavior
vindictiveness

Question 27

what is something that puts kids more at risk for ODD

Answer 27

antisocial personality parents

Question 28

conduct disorder

Answer 28

persistent, repetitive violation of rules and disregard for rights of others

Question 29

children who develop CD at an early age more likely to develop

Answer 29

psychopathy or antisocial PD

Question 30

what is a way that you treat ODD and CD? (therapy often involves parents too)

Answer 30

model to the parents and teach them to reinforce pro-social behaviors while neglecting anti-social behaviors

Question 31

why are punitive treatments (yelling, hitting) often ineffective

Answer 31

they intensify and reinforce behaviors (any attention fuels them, even bad attention)

Question 32

enuresis

Answer 32

bedwetting

Question 33

encopresis

Answer 33

bed soiling

Question 34

causes of enuresis

Answer 34

faulty learning, immaturity (stemming from social problems), disturbed family interactions, stressful changes (child regressing when sibling is born for attention)

Question 35

how do you treat encopresis

Answer 35

combo of medical and psychological treatment

Question 36

autism is usually diagnosed before ____ months of age (especially in boys)

Answer 36

30

Question 37

T/F: the terms “learning disability” and “intellectual disability”

Answer 37

FALSE. Learning disorder is normal IQ, but wires crossed in brain

Question 38

what is often the cause of learning disabilities?

Answer 38

mild CNS impairments

Question 39

intellectual disabilities are defined by

Answer 39

low intelligence and level of performance

Question 40

any intellectual disability that occurs after 18 is considered

Answer 40

dementia