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9th Grade Modern World History > Final Exam Study -B > Flashcards

Final Exam Study -B Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the consequence of appeasement for the Allies?

A
  • Allowed Hitler to control a larger population to use as an army -Allowed Hitler to control a more people to tax and gather wealth from -Made Hitler seem invincible to his own people, so they bought into him as a leader -Allowed the Germans to control areas with tons of resources like iron, coal, and agricultural land
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2
Q

What issues resulted from the partition of India?

A
  • The British did not force the people to move to the new areas, but the social pressure was immense -Those who did not move faced violence and discrimination -The giant migration caused violence during the move -The lack of planning led to homelessness and poverty in the new areas -The region of Kashmir was supposed to be settled on their own -It led to violence and that is still going on today
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3
Q

How was the Space Race an effect of the arms race?

A
  • The race to come up with ways to deliver the nuclear weapons led to the Space Race -The Space Race turned into a scientific battle -Missiles led to rockets which could reach space -The Soviets launched the first satellite “Sputnik” which set of a frenzy in the United States -Ended with the US landing on the moon -This race to led all sorts of new technology
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4
Q

What decisions were made at the Potsdam Conference?

A

-Split Europe into two East- Communist controlled West- Democratic and capitalist controlled

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5
Q

Who are the Axis Powers?

A

Germany, Japan

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6
Q

Explain each of the causes for decolonization. -Pressure from US/USSR

A
  • US After WW2, the idea of freedom and equality because accepted as the norm. We pressured our friends to put that idea into practice by treating the colonies the same -USSR Communism preaches about equality of the working class, and urged nationalist leaders to rise up against their “rich, capitalist rulers”
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7
Q

What were the negative consequences of doing this

A
  • It killed over 100,000 instantly, and more hundreds of thousands in the weeks that followed -The effects on the citizens of Japan was cruel, even by the standards of war.
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8
Q

How did the Great Depression affect regular people in Germany?

A

Lost their jobs, lost their savings in the bank.

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9
Q

How was the following events part of containment? -Korean war

A

The communist North, backed by communist China, were fighting to control the capitalist South Korea. The US backed the South to stop the whole country from becoming communist.

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10
Q

What is Propaganda?

A

Biased or false information used to sway people to accept the government’s views Stress the positives of the government and the negatives of their opponents

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11
Q

What was the holodomor?

A

Stalin’s program of taking food from Ukraine as punishment for rebelling. It killed over 6 million people in less than a year.

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12
Q

What is a totalitarian government?

A

A government, usually with one leader, that takes total control of all aspects of public and private life.

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13
Q

Who are the Allied Powers?

A

Britain, France, the United States, Soviet Union

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14
Q

Industrialization

A

Machines began doing more work for people instead of muscle power

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15
Q

World War Two

A

Appeasement allowed Hitler to start to regain Germany’s previous world power, to end the War the US dropped two Atomic bombs on Japan and the effect set the stage for the Cold War.

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16
Q

What are the major functions of the United Nations International Court of Justice

A

Convicts war criminals

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17
Q

Why were Germans mad at the Treaty of Versailles?

A

Made Germany pay reparations to France, guilt for the war, no more military, lost their lands. made them weak

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18
Q

What is containment?

A

This is how the US was going to stop the spread of communism.

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19
Q

What was Warsaw Pact?

A

This was the alliance of communist countries and was controlled by the Soviet Union.

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20
Q

What was the Enabling Act?

A

Made Hitler a dictator by allowing him to have sole power to pass laws.

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21
Q

What was the Weimar Republic?

A

Democracy put into place by Treaty of Versailles, enforced by the Allies of WWI. Got rid of Germans monarchy.

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22
Q

What are the major functions of the United Nations General Assembly

A

All countries have a vote in world affairs

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23
Q

How was the following events part of containment? -Vietnam war

A

The communist North Vietnamese and Vietcong, backed by the Soviet Union, were fighting to control the capitalist South Vietnam. The US backed the South to stop the whole country from becoming communist.

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24
Q

How did Hitler use the Great Depression to take power?

A

He used the fear and anger at the government to convince them he was the only person who could fix it

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25
Q

Explain two parts of Butter Battle.

A

-Butter difference- Communism or Capitalism -M.A.D. policy- did not want to drop their bomb at the end -Wall that divided them- Berlin Wall -Arms Race- building up their weapons to be better than each others

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26
Q

What is censorship? Why does it work?

A
  • Stops any damaging information from being public -People don’t get mad about things they don’t know about.
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27
Q

What are four methods that dictators use to control their people?

A

-Censorship -Propaganda -Leader Worship -Police State

28
Q

Why is leader worship successful?

A

People will make sacrifices for religion The leader gets to be unquestioned no matter what

29
Q

What was US plan for containment?

A

We would use either money or fighting to stop communism anywhere it sprang up throughout the world.

30
Q

How did the end of imperialism negatively affect countries in Africa?

A
  • When the imperialist countries left the colonies, they did not leave a functioning government behind -The countries are almost always poor because they lost out on the use of their resources -Genocides and wars are still going on today in regions -Rwanda Genocide movie
31
Q

What was the Cold War?

A

A period of conflict between the Soviet Union and the US that did not ever break into full scale war

32
Q

What methods of nonviolent resistance did Gandhi use in India?

A

How Boycotts Work: -Refused to buy British made goods so that British companies started losing money How Non-violence and Civil Disobedience works: -Openly refuse to obey laws you think are unjust, and accept the punishment without violence -Makes the government look like the aggressor, not you -When a whole country refuses to go along with your plans it becomes impossible

33
Q

Cold War

A

A period of hostility between Soviet and US which was fought with containment and arms race.

34
Q

How was the following events part of containment? -Marshall plan

A

When countries in Europe began to seeing a rise in communism in their own countries, the US gave them billions of dollars to improve their country so communism would seem less appealing.

35
Q

Describe what a police state is.

A

Control your country through the use of fear. Used spies, bugging houses, and concentration camps to make people fearful.

36
Q

Imperialism

A

When a powerful country takes over a less powerful country and dominates their politics, economics, and social life.

37
Q

How did Japan change after World War 2?

A
  • The United States took control of Japan -Forced it to demilitarize -Lost all colonies -Emperor had to admit he was not a God -A democracy was set up -Became Allies with the US during the Cold War
38
Q

What was the Arms Race?

A

Both the Soviets and the Americans were both worried the other would build superior weapons which could destroy whole countries The United States and the Soviet Union began building more nuclear weapons and ways to deliver them

39
Q

How was the following events part of containment? -Cuban missile crisis

A

The Soviets tried to ship nuclear weapons to communist Cuba, and we refused to let the ships in

40
Q

World War One

A

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism caused Great War with new technologies never seen before. Lasting effects on world from Treaty of Versailles.

41
Q

What are the major beliefs of Fascism?

A
  • Based on extreme loyalty to one leader and to the “nation” over the individual -Strong countries are better countries, and need a strong military to conquer lesser countries -Individualism and liberalism enable dangerous decadence and have a negative effect on the group. -A strong sense of community or brotherhood, brought together by the belief they are victims.
42
Q

How successful was Hitler at fighting in the war?

A

-Hitler’s armies were very successful early in the war, but were terribly ineffective after the invasion of the Soviet Union.

43
Q

How did the Nazis use the Reichstag Fire to take control of Germany?

A

Blamed the fire on the communist political party, which allowed them to outlaw the communist party from elections, allowing the nazi party to win the election.

44
Q

What are the four reasons why Europe allowed appeasement?

A
  • The Allied Powers were in the depths of the Great Depression, and did not have the money to be involved in another war. -The memory of World War 1 was still fresh, and none of the world wanted to do that again. -They were trying to convince themselves that Hitler’s demands were reasonable, and hoped he would be satisfied if he got what he wanted -The militaries of the Allied countries were still recovering from WWI
45
Q

Why did the US drop the atomic bomb?

A

-The invasion of Japan would have been costly in terms of lives, both Japanese and American -We wanted to show off our new weapons to the Soviets as a show of our power.

46
Q

Explain each of the causes for decolonization. Colonial nationalism

A

-Many natives fought for the European countries in WWII to try and gain freedom. -Groups formed in colonies to push for natives to rule their own countries.

47
Q

How did the Soviet economy (businesses, etc) run on Communist principles?

A

The government owned and operated all businesses and farms. They also controlled everyone’s labor.

48
Q

How was the following events part of containment? -Berlin airlift

A

The Soviet Union cut off water, electric, and trade to West Berlin, and dared the US to do something about it. Instead of fighting, we flew in all the supplies the country would need for an entire year.

49
Q

What is leader worship?

A

Replacing organized religion with worship of the dictator

50
Q

What caused the Cold War?

A

The USSR wanted to turn other countries Communists as a way to protect themselves from future wars, and the US wanted to stop communism from spreading.

51
Q

Enlightenment/ Age of Revolutions

A

was an explosion of ideas that focused on individual rights, better government, and science

52
Q

What is the difference between cold and hot wars?

A

Cold wars use only words, hot wars use weapons

53
Q

What is decolonization?

A

Former colonies that were formed during Imperialism times started to push back and gain independence to rule themselves.

54
Q

What are the major functions of the United Nations Security Council

A

Can step into conflicts in countries to stop them from escalating into war

55
Q

Why does police state work to keep people in line.

A

People are so scared of the secret police, that they never question anything.

56
Q

Explain each of the causes for decolonization. -Cost of colonies

A

-After WW2, European countries did not have the money needed to deal with these nationalist movements. -Wars and violent rebellions were expensive, and the European public was not ready to back more wars around the globe.

57
Q

What is Mutually Assured Destruction?

A
  • If one country attacks the other, the response would ensure both sides are destroyed -Neither side wanted to attack because of this
58
Q

What are the major functions of the United Nations Economic and Social

A
  • Gives loans to developing countries -Deals with disease outbreaks and health -Helps children in developing countries
59
Q

What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?

A

-Attempted to bring justice to the Nazi LEADERSHIP in Germany -Run by the United Nations -Important step towards having an international court to prosecute war crimes and “crimes against humanity”

60
Q

What were the failures of Stalin as a leader?

A

He was responsible for the deaths of millions of his people\Totalitarian life in Germany

61
Q

What was NATO?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization. This was a group of friendly countries who promised to protect each other from the spread of communism and the Soviet Union

62
Q

What is appeasement?

A

diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict.

63
Q

What was USSR plan for containment?

A

They would try to get countries to become communist

64
Q

What were the successes of Stalin as a leader?

A

-He was able to maintain power for decades. -He took a backwards country and turned it into a military and industrial of the United States

65
Q

Rise of Totalitarian

A

Dictators use the methods of control of Leader worship, police state, censorship, propaganda to control all aspects of public and private lives.

66
Q

Why did India partition into different countries?

A

The two dominant religions in the Indian colony wanted their own countries that would be run according to their own beliefs.

9th Grade Modern World History (13 decks)

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