FINAL EXAM REVIEW Flashcards
Space in the body below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines; abdomen.
Abdominal Cavity (DOM)
abdomin/o
abdomen
Ad-
toward
Aden/o
gland
Tumor of a gland; benign tumor.
Adenoma (NO)
-al
pertaining to
-algia
pain
Process of building up proteins in cells.
Anabolism (NAB)
Ante-
before, forward
Pertaining to the front portion of the body; ventral
Anterior (TE)
Destruction of microorganisms to prevent infection
Antisepsis (SEP)
Arthr/o
joint
are microscopic living organisms that have only one cell
Bacteria
Bi-
two
Pertaining to two or both sides.
Bilateral (LAT)
Process of removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination.
Biopsy (BI)
Brady-
slow
Slow heartbeat.
Bradycardia (KAR)
Bronch/o
bronchial tubes (two tubes, one right and one left, that branch from the trachea to enter the lungs)
Cardi/o
heart
Pertaining to producing cancer.
Carcinogenic (JEN)
A.S. of Carcinogenic
GEN
is an internal medicine specialist who takes additional (fellowship) training in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.
Cardiologist
Cellular process of breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances; energy is released to do the work of the cell
Catabolism(TAB)
Pertaining to the neck of the body or neck-like lower portion of the uterus.
Cervical (SER)
Pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx.
Coccygeal (JE)
the smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body
Cell
Chron/o
time
Cyt/o
Cell
Space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull.
Cranial cavity (KRA-KAV)
All of the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane.
Cytoplasm (SI)
Inflammation of the skin
Dermatitis (TI)
A.S. of Dermatitis
TI
Far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure.
Distal
Dia-
complete, through
Dys-
abnormal, bad difficult, painful
-ectomy
excision, removal
Encephal/o
brain
Endo-
within
Instrument to visually examine the interior of the body.
Endoscope (EN)
Epi-
above, upon
Skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surfaces of organs
Epithelial cells (THE)
Red blood cell.
Erythrocyte (RITH)
ex-, exo-
out, outside of, outward
Gastr/o
stomach
specialist in intestine and stomach
Gastroenterologist
hemat/o
hem/o
blood
Collection or mass of blood.
Hematoma (TO)
Hemi-
half
Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells.
Hemoglobin (HE)
Hepat/o
liver
Inflammation of the liver.
Hepatitis (TI)
Tumor (cancerous) of the liver
Hepatoma (TO)
Hyper-
excessive, above, more than normal
High levels of sugar in the bloodstream; associated with diabetes mellitus.
Hyperglycemia (SE)
Hypo-
deficient, below, under, less than normal
Low/deficient levels of sugar in blood.
Hypoglycemia (SE)
Inter-
between
Pertaining to within a vein.
Intravenous (VE)
Condition of holding back blood from an organ or tissue.
Ischemia (KE)
-ism
process, condition
skin cells that make up the majority of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin
Keratinocytes
Lapar/o
abdomen, abdominal wall
Incision (large) of the abdomen for diagnosis and treatment. This is exploratory or open surgery.
Laparotomy (ROT)
Pertaining to the larynx (voice box).
Laryngeal (JE)
White blood cell.
Leukocyte (LU)
-lysis
breakdown, destruction, separation
Mal-
bad
Surgical repair of the breast
Mammoplasty (MAM)
Centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the thoracic cavity.
Mediastinum (STI)
-megaly
enlargement
Meta-
change
Spread of a malignant tumor beyond its original location to a distant site.
Metastasis (TAS)
Morph/o
shape, form
Study of the shape or form of cells.
Morphology (FOL)
Neo-
new
Pertaining to nerves
Neural (NU)
Nerve pain
Neuralgia (RAL)
-oma
tumor, mass, swelling
Onc/o
tumor (cancerous)
Specialist in the study of tumors; particularly malignant (cancerous) tumors.
Oncologist (KOL)
Ophthalm/o
eye
Instrument to visually examine the eyes.
Ophthalmoscope(THAL)
-osis
condition, usually abnormal (slight increase in numbers when used with blood cells)
Path/o
disease
Specialist in the study of disease; evaluates biopsies, and performs autopsies.
Pathologist (OL)
Ped/o
child
Pertaining to the pelvis.
Pelvic (PEL)
Pertaining to the peritoneum
Peritoneal (NE)
Double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity
Peritoneum (NE)
Clotting cell; thrombocyte.
Platelet (PLAYT)
Double-layered membrane surrounding each lung.
Pleura (PLUR)
Space between the layers of the pleura
Pleural cavity (PLUR- KAV)
poly-
many, much, increased
Pre-
before, in front of
Pro-
before, forward
Prediction about the outcome of an illness; knowledge beforehand.
Prognosis(NO)
A.S. of Prognosis
NO
dropping, falling, prolapse
Ptosis
Pertaining to the lungs
Pulmonary (PUL)
Quadri-
four
Re-
back, backward, again
Sliding or falling back; as in return of illness after apparent recovery.
Relapse (RE)
Behind the stomach
Retrogastric
Ren/o
kidney
Removal (excision) of an organ or part of the body.
Resection (SEK)
Medical doctor specializing in diagnosis and treatment of joint disorders.
Rheumatologist (OL)
Rhin/o
nose
Inflammation of the nose
Rhinitis (NI)
Pertaining to the sacrum.
Sacral (SA)
sacr/o
sacrum
-scope
instrument to visually examine
Space within the spinal column (backbones) containing the spinal cord.
Spinal cavity (SPI-KAV)
-stomy
new opening
syn-, sym-
together, with
Tachy-
fast
Thromb/o
clot, clotting
-tomy
process of cutting, incision
Pertaining to the tonsils.
Tonsillar (TON)
Windpipe; tube leading from the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box) to the bronchial tubes.
Trachea (TRA)
New opening of the trachea to the outside of the body.
Tracheostomy (OS)
Trans-
across, through
Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions; axial plane.
Transverse plane
Tri-
three
Ultra-
beyond, excess
Specialist in the study of the urinary tract. Physician specializing in operating on the urinary tract in males and females and on the reproductive tract in males.
Urologist (ROL)
a rare autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the blood vessels. It’s also known as angiitis
Vasculitis
