CHAPTER 2 VOCAB LIST FROM KATHLEEN Flashcards
QUIZ
Pertaining to fat
Adipose (AH-dih-pohz)
Process of building up proteins in cells
Anabolism (ah-NAB-o-liz-im)
Pertaining to producing cancer
Carcinogenic (kar-sih-no-JEN-ik)
Flexible, connective tissue often attached to bones at joints
Cartilage (KAR-tih-lij)
Cellular process of breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances; energy is released to do the work of the cell.
Catabolism (kah-TAB-o-liz-im)
Structure surrounding and protecting the cell; allows materials to pass in and out
Cell membrane (sel MEM-brayn)
Coccyx (KOK-siks)
Tailbone
Incision of the skull
Craniotomy (kra-ne-OT-o-me)
Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
Diaphragm (DI-ah-fram)
Far from the point of attachment to the trunk of the body or far from the beginning of a structure.
Distal (DIS-tal)
Chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged like a sequence of recipes in code, it directs the activities of the cell.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
Network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell; site of protein synthesis
Endoplasmic reticulum (en-do-PLAZ-mik reh-TIK-u-lum)
Skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surfaces of organs
Epithelial cells (ep-ih-THE-le-al sels)
Regions of DNA within each chromosome
Genes (jeenz)
Specialist in the study of tissues
histologist
is the area of the abdomen located on either side of the epigastric region and below the ribcage
hypochondriac region
Below another structure; pertaining to the tail or lower portion of the body
Inferior (in-FE-re-or)
inguin/o
groin
Picture (classification) of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
Karyotype (KAR-e-o-type)
Voice box; located above the trachea (windpipe)
Larynx (LAR-inks)
Pertaining to the side
Lateral (LAT-er-al)
Condition of slight increase in normal white blood cells; often the result of inflammation or infection
Leukocytosis (lu-ko-si-TO-sis)
centrally located space outside of and between the lungs. It contains the heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland, bronchial tubes, and many lymph nodes.
Mediastinum
Total of the chemical processes in a cell. It includes catabolism and anabolism
Metabolism (meh-TAB-o-liz-im)
Rod-shaped structures in the cytoplasm of the cell that provide principal source of energy
Mitochondria (mi-to-KON-dre-ah)
Control center of the cell; contains chromosomes and directs activities of the cell
Nucleus (NU-cle-us)
Throat
Pharynx (FAH-rinks)
Endocrine gland at the base of the brain.
Pituitary gland (pih-TU-ih-ter-e gland)
space surrounding each lung
Pleural cavity (PLUR-al KAV-ih-te)
Near the point of attachment or near the beginning of a structure
Proximal (PROKS-ih-mal)
upper right section of the abdomen
RUQ
Right upper quadrant
Lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides
Sagittal (lateral) plane
sarc/o
flesh
Tumor (malignant) of flesh tissue such as bone, muscle, fat, and cartilage
Sarcoma (sar-KO-mah)
Above another structure
Superior (su-PE-re-ur)
Lying on the back (face up, palms up).
Supine (su-PINE)
Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions
transverse (axial) plane
One of two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
Ureter (U-reh-ter)
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Urethra (u-RE-thrah)
Single backbone; individual segment of the spine
Vertebra (VER-teh-brah)
a spongy cushion that sits between the vertebrae of the spine
vertebral disc ( intervertebral disc)
Internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen
Viscera (VIS-er-ah)
Space in the body below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines
Abdominal cavity (ab-DOM-i-nal KAV-ih-te)
Small, tube-like organ connected to beginning of the large intestine (cecum). It is located in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) of the abdomen.
Appendix (ap-EN-diks)
cata-
down
chrom/o
color
Rod-shaped structure in the nucleus of a cell; contains genetic material (DNA)
Chromosome (KRO-mo-sohm)
coccyg/o
coccyx (tailbone)
-eal
pertaining to
Pertaining to above or upon the stomach
Epigastric (ep-ih-GAS-trik)
Pertaining to below the stomach
Hypogastric (hi-po-GAS-trik)
Ili/o
ilium (upper part of the hip bone)
Pertaining to the groin.
Inguinal (ING-win-al)
inter-
between
-ism
process, condition
Right and left middle regions near the waist.
Lumbar
Meta-
change
conducts impulses all over the body.
Nerve tissue
Space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
Pelvic cavity (PEL-vik KAV-ih-te)
-plasm
formation
Back or dorsal surface of the body or structure.
Posterior (pos-TE-re-or)
Lying on the belly (face down, palms down)
Prone (prohn)
Proxim/o
nearest
-somes
bodies
Pertaining to on the surface of the body.
Superficial (su-per-FIH-shul)
Pertaining to the chest.
Thoracic (thor-AH-sik)
a large ductless gland in the neck which secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism
Thyroid
Windpipe; tube leading from the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box) to the bronchial tubes.
Trachea (TRA-ke-ah)
Viscer/o
internal organs
