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Dual Credit Govt > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

What was the name given to those Americans who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?

A

Anti-federalists

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2
Q

When was the United States Constitution signed?

A

September 17th, 1787

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3
Q

When was the Constitution ratified?

A

June 21st, 1788

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4
Q

What two men wrote most of the Federalist Papers?

A

James Madison and Alexander Hamilton

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5
Q

When was the Bill of Rights ratified?

A

December 15th, 1791

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6
Q

What are the two chambers of the law-making arm of our government?

A

House of Representatives and the Senate

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7
Q

Who serves as the president of the Senate?

A

The Vice President of the United States

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8
Q

How many members serve in the House of Representatives?

A

435

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9
Q

How many members serve in the Senate?

A

100

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10
Q

What political philosopher had an obvious influence on the Declaration of Independence?

A

John Locke

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11
Q

What is the name of document that governed the states before the U.S. Constitution?

A

The Articles of Confederation

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12
Q

Stamp Act

A

Congress formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act. Sent letters of complaints to the king and parliament, and it showed signs of colonial unity and organized resistance

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13
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

disallowed elections and public meetings (result of Boston Tea Party); angered colonists because they had basically been able to run themselves for 100+ years

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14
Q

State of nature is a “war of all against all.”

Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short;

People create government because the Fundamental Truths (self-preservation; violent death) allow a system where everyone is their own judge.

People need one judge.

A

Hobbes

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15
Q

There are some things that are evident (reasonable).

Inalienable rights are life, liberty, property.

People also have a right to protect their rights, however, the common fundamental flaw: selfishness makes people act unreasonably.

Government created to rationally protect already existing rights.

A

Locke

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16
Q

Original sin was private property which created civil society that protected inequality.

Life in the state of nature was isolated (noble savage).

A

Rousseau

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17
Q

Father of classical liberalism

A

John Locke

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18
Q

Which philosopher championed separation of powers?

A

Montesquieu

(“the accumulation of two or more functions of government in the hands of one or a few is despotism.”)

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19
Q

Definition of republic given in class

A

the majority limited by a written constitution that safeguards the rights of the individuals and minorities

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20
Q

Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)

A

bicameral legislature; House of reps: population based (slaves 3/5ths a person); Senate: equal (2); House elected by people; Senate elected by state legislature;

single executive

Congress only has power to tax in proportion to representation in the House

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21
Q

What form of government do we have in the United States?

A

Democratic Republic

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22
Q

What system of government do we have in the United States?

A

Federal

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23
Q

What are our three branches of government and what are their primary functions?

A

Legislative: Lawmaking Function; Making the Laws

Executive: Chief Executive; Enforcing the Laws

Judicial: Interpreting the Laws

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24
Q

What are the two most important contributions to the United States Constitution made by James Madison?

A

Separation of powers

Checks and balances

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25
Q

Bill of rights

A

1st ten amendments

26
Q

What is the significance of the commerce clause and the power of the federal government?

A

Madison claimed regulation of commerce was the only new power granted to the federal government in the new constitution.

Expanded its power among the states.

27
Q

3 most powerful members of the House

A

Speaker: Mike Johnson
Majority Leader: Steve Scalise
Minority Leader: Hakeem Jeffries

28
Q

President of the Senate

A

Vice President (Kamala Harris)

29
Q

Reapportionment

A

the redistribution of seats in the House of Representatives based on changes in population in the states.

30
Q

What is the electoral college

A

The system used to elect the president. It includes all of the House of Representatives, the Senate members, and the 3 voters for the District of Columbia (DC). The winner must receive at least 270 votes.

31
Q

How many electors in electoral college

A

538

32
Q

Where do all appropriations bills originate in the federal government?

A

House and senate committees

Don’t quote me on that but I think that’s right

33
Q

Which chamber of congress provides “advice and consent” to the President?

A

Senate

34
Q

What is the difference between explicit powers and implied powers?

A

Explicit- directly spelled out word-by-word in the Constitution

Implied- those that are not directly spelled out in the Constitution, but are assumed to be powers of the government

35
Q

Article 1

A

Legislative Branch

36
Q

Article 2

A

Executive Branch

37
Q

Article 3

A

Judicial Branch

38
Q

Primary goal of federal bureaucracy

A

To perform duties efficiently to save taxpayers money.

39
Q

What is found in Article 1 Section 8 Clauses 1-17 of the Constitution?

A

Enumerated powers (of Congress?)

40
Q

What are the roles and responsibilities of the President?

A

Head of State
Chief Executive
The Powers of Appointment and Removal
The Power to Grant Reprieves and Pardons
Commander-in-Chief
Chief Diplomat
Chief Legislator
Chief of Party
Constituencies and Public Approval
Emergency Powers
Executive Orders
Executive Privilege

41
Q

What is are the three primary sources of law in the United States?

A

Constitution

Statutory and Administrative Regulations

Case Law

42
Q

What is the significance of the Judiciary Act of 1789?

A

Implements article 3

43
Q

Judiciary Act of 1869?

A

set number of supreme court justices at 9

44
Q

Who is the current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

A

John Roberts

45
Q

What are the three levels of the federal judiciary?

A

District Courts
Circuit Courts
Supreme Court

46
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

Judicial review established (emphatically the duty and province of judiciary to say what law is)

Judiciary act of 1789 declared unconstitutional.

47
Q

Rule of 4

A

If 4 justices want to hear a case it will probably be heard

48
Q

Law of 5

A

5 votes is majority in Supreme Court

“With five votes, you can do anything around here.” - Justice Brennan

49
Q

What are four types of federal bureaucracies?

A

Cabinet Departments

Independent Executive Agencies

Independent Regulatory Agencies

Government Corporations

50
Q

15th amendment

A

can’t discriminate based on race

51
Q

19th amendment

A

can’t discriminate based on sex

52
Q

26th amendment

A

lowered voting age to 18

53
Q

Laswell definition of politics

A

who gets what, when, and how

54
Q

Madison’s ideas about causes and effects of faction

A

A government cannot remove the causes of factions, so it must seek to control the effects of factions.

55
Q

How does the Supreme Court check themselves?

A

Will not hear hypothetical and political questions
Respect the decisions of lower courts

56
Q

25th amendment

A

procedure for Presidential succession

57
Q

Civil Liberties

A

protection from the government rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment’s due process clause

58
Q

Civil Rights

A

protections by the government rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause.

59
Q

Negative rights

A

Inalienable rights or natural rights

60
Q

Positive rights

A

Those granted by the government

Dual Credit Govt (5 decks)

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