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Dual Credit Govt > Exam 2 Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the significance of the 15th amendment?

A

15th - prohibited denying right to vote based on race

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2
Q

What is the significance of Smith vs Allwright? (1944)

A

Determined white primaries are unconstitutional (Allwright is all right)

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3
Q

What is the significance of the 19th amendment?

A

Allowed women to vote (1920)

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4
Q

What is the significance of the 26th amendment?

A

Lowered voting age to 18 (1971)

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5
Q

What is the significance of Harper vs Virginia State Board of Elections (1966)?

A

Poll taxes are unconstitutional
Voting Acts of 1965 resulted

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6
Q

What does suffrage and franchise mean?

A

Right to vote

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7
Q

Why did your founding fathers not create a pure democracy? (4 reasons)

A
  1. Tyranny of the majority
  2. Distrustful that masses could discern themselves
  3. Masses easily manipulated
  4. Madison feared mob rule
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8
Q

What are the 4 purposes of Elections?

A
  1. Implement democracy by allowing citizens to choose among candidates and issues
  2. Socialize political activity
  3. Institutionalize access to political power
  4. Bolster state’s power and authority
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9
Q

What are some influences on a person’s political socialization?

A
  1. Family
  2. Media
  3. Peers
  4. Education
  5. Income
  6. Race
  7. Gender
  8. Religion
  9. Opinion Leader
  10. Lifestyle
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10
Q

What is an Open Primary?

A

When voters do not have to declare their party affiliation and choose for either party’s primary ballot

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11
Q

What is a closed primary?

A

When voters must declare their party affiliation before voting for their party’s nominee

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12
Q

What is a blanket primary?

A

When voters may vote for candidates from either party for the offices under consideration

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13
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what is required in order to have equal opportunity?

A

Equal Rights

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14
Q

What is the literal meaning of Democracy

A

Greek Demos (the people) kratos (authority), A system of government in which political authority is vested in the people

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15
Q

What is the Procedural View of Democracy?

A

Universal participation, political equality, majority rule, a government responsive to public opinion

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16
Q

What is the Substantive View of Democracy?

A

It focuses on the substance of the government policies, not the policy making procedure

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17
Q

What is the history of the enfranchisement of women in America?

A
  1. Wyoming allowed women to vote first in 1869
  2. 12 states followed until 1918
  3. Then in 1920 19th amendment allowed all women the right to vote
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18
Q

What is totalitarianism?

A

Unlimited power of government to control all aspects of political, economic, and social life.

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19
Q

What is Authoritarianism?

A

A type of regime in which only the government is fully controlled by the ruler. Social and economic institutions that exist are not under the government’s control

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20
Q

What is an Aristocracy?

A

Rule by the best, normally the most wealthy

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21
Q

What is Theocracy?

A

Rule by God

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22
Q

What is an Oligarchy?

A

Rule by a few

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23
Q

What is Democracy?

A

A system of government in which political authority is vested in the people

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24
Q

What is Madison’s solution to factions?

A

Pluralism. Allow all ideas to exist so that one faction cannot dominate.

25
Q

What are some of the obstacles to voting faced by Black Americans following the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment?

A

Poll taxes, literacy tests, white primaries, and violence

26
Q

What is the definition of government?

A

The legitimate use of force to control human behavior and the organization authorized to exercise that force.

27
Q

What is the definition of Republic?

A

The majority is limited by a written constitution that safeguards the rights of the individual and the minorities.

28
Q

What is the Division of Labor View of Democracy?

A

There are two classes of people: those who govern and those who are governed

29
Q

What is the Agency View of Democracy?

A

Those who govern a country would function as no more than the agents of the people

30
Q

What is the difference between the Division of Labor and the Agency Views of Democracy?

A

One thinks people are governed and the other thinks the government should just be representatives of the people.

31
Q

What are the 3 key factors in the have led to lower voter turnout since 1968?

A
  1. 26th amendment
  2. Belief government no longer is responsive to citizens
  3. Change in attitude about political parties
32
Q

What is the Spirit of Law?

A

Virtue and Equality

33
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what is the social condition of people in America?

A

It is eminently Democratic.

34
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what is the belief about fortune and intellect in America?

A

People see themselves and others as equal

35
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what do Americans think of money?

A

No other country has a stronger love of money in the world.

36
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what do Americans think of personal exertion?

A

The people are taught to rely on their own personal exertion to overcome the evils and the difficulties of life.

37
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what are the qualifications to enjoy political freedom?

A

People cannot enjoy political freedom unless they purchase it with some sacrifices, and they can never get possession of it unless by many efforts.

38
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what is the greatest passion engendered by equality?

A

The love of that same equality.

39
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what is the relationship of equality and freedom?

A

They are not the same thing, infact, unequal things.

40
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what will those desiring equality will and will not tolerate?

A

They will tolerate poverty, but won’t tolerate aristocracy

41
Q

According to De Tocqueville, what is the kind of equality is necessary for freedom and despotism?

A

Equal opportunity is necessary for freedom, equal outcome is necessary for despotism

42
Q

What are the characteristics of those who tend to vote more?

A

Higher education, income, and age

43
Q

According to Aldrich, what are the components of political parties?

A
  1. Ambitious Office Seekers
  2. Nominating Candidates
  3. Voters are consumers
  4. Endogenous Institution
44
Q

How did Laswell define politics?

A

Who, what, when, and how?

45
Q

What is the original political dilemma?

A

How to balance freedom and order

46
Q

What is the modern political dilemma?

A

How to balance freedom and equality

47
Q

What did Madison claim was the only new power granted to the federal government in the new constitution?

A

Regulation of commerce

48
Q

What did Madison believe about the Constitutional powers allotted to the federal government?

A

Few and defined

49
Q

What level of government did Madison believe the Constitution favored?

A

State governments had an advantage over the federal government

50
Q

What are the two opposing ideals that run against each other throughout American history?

A

Achievement and equality

51
Q

What does Brooks believe about Red America?

A

Moral lines

52
Q

What does Brooks believe about blue america

A

Class lines

53
Q

How does Brooks explain the divide?

A

Cafeteria nation

54
Q

What are the ideals of Communitarians?

A

They favor governments that promote equality and government activities that impose social order

55
Q

What are the ideals of Libertarians?

A

They oppose government activities that interfere with the market and the restriction of individual liberties

56
Q

What are the ideals of Conservatives?

A

They favor activities that impose social order. Oppose governments that interfere with the market

57
Q

What are the ideals of Liberals?

A

They favor government activities that promote equality and oppose actions that restrict individual liberties

58
Q

What did Madison believe the Constitution did for the powers of the central government?

A

Checks and balances

59
Q

What did Madison believe would ultimately result in tyranny?

A

A large republic

Dual Credit Govt (5 decks)

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