Final Exam Review

Question 1

Bone cells situated within cavities known as lacunae

Answer 1

Osteocytes

Question 2

In the periosteum, bone matrix is added to the outside of the diaphysis with

Answer 2

Osteoblasts

Question 3

Bone is added (build bone)

Answer 3

Osteoblasts

Question 4

In the endosteum, bone is removed from the inner surface of the diaphysis with

Answer 4

Osteoclasts

Question 5

Bone is reabsorbed by

Answer 5

Osteoclasts

Question 6

Maintain the extracellular matrix (ECM) & produce the cartilage matrix

Answer 6

Chondrocytes

Question 7

What cartilage covers the external surface of the epiphyses to decrease friction at joint surfaces?

Answer 7

Hyaline

Question 8

Internal callus that contains new blood vessels & spongy bone trabeculae

Answer 8

Fibrocartilage

Question 9

Which cartilage forms splint between broken bone pieces & dead tissue is cleared away?

Answer 9

Fibrocartilage

Question 10

Spongy bone has many open spaces/pockets filled with

Answer 10

Red bone marrow

Question 11

Which bone marrow is in the cavities of spongy bone for hematopoiesis?

Answer 11

Red bone marrow

Question 12

Which bone marrow stores adipose tissue (fat) for life?

Answer 12

Yellow bone marrow

Question 13

Outside covering of the diaphysis

Answer 13

Periosteum

Question 14

Fibrous connective tissue membrane

Answer 14

Periosteum

Question 15

Allows blood vessels & nerves to enter bone

Answer 15

Periosteum

Question 16

Compact bone is surrounded by

Answer 16

Periosteum

Question 17

Visible bone remnant of epiphyseal plate, in adult bones

Answer 17

Epiphyseal line

Question 18

In the epiphysis, there is spongy bone until the

Answer 18

Epiphyseal line

Question 19

Over the frontal bone of the skull (frontal lobe of the brain)

Answer 19

Frontalis

Question 20

Makes a circular orbit around the oral/mouth cavity

Answer 20

Orbicularis Oris

Question 21

Makes a circular orbit around the ocular/eye region

Answer 21

Orbicularis Oculi

Question 22

Shaped like a trapezoid

Answer 22

Trapezius

Question 23

The largest muscle of
the chest

Answer 23

Pectoralis Major

Question 24

Has 2 origin points over your arm like a tree branch

Answer 24

Biceps Brachii

Question 25

Has 3 origin points over your arm like a tree branch

Answer 25

Triceps Brachii

Question 26

A broad muscle over the back

Answer 26

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 27

Looks like a protruding “stomach of the leg”

Answer 27

Gastrocnemius

Question 28

Shaped like the delta triangle

Answer 28

Deltoid

Question 29

Action of the pectoralis major & latissimus dorsi

Answer 29

Humerus adduction

Question 30

Action of the biceps brachii

Answer 30

Elbow flexion

Question 31

Action of the triceps brachii

Answer 31

Elbow extension

Question 32

Action of the quadriceps

Answer 32

Knee extension

Question 33

Action of the hamstrings

Answer 33

Knee flexion

Question 34

Action of the gastrocnemius

Answer 34

Plantar flexion

Question 35

Action of the deltoid

Answer 35

Humerus abduction

Question 36

Molecule movement is from high concentration to low concentration, down a concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached

Answer 36

Diffusion

Question 37

Simple diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 37

Osmosis

Question 38

Uses protein embedded in plasma membrane; Movement is from high to low concentration of the substance

Answer 38

Facilitated diffusion

Question 39

Amino acids, some sugars, and ions are transported by protein carriers known as solute pumps

Answer 39

Active transports

Question 40

Extracellular substances are enclosed (engulfed) in a membranous vesicle; Vesicle detaches from the plasma membrane & moves into the cell; Once in the cell, the vesicle typically fuses with a lysosome

Answer 40

Endocytosis

Question 41

Mechanism cells use to actively secrete hormones, mucus, & other products; Material is carried in a membranous sac called a vesicle that migrates to & combines with the plasma membrane; Contents of vesicle are emptied to the outside

Answer 41

Exocytosis

Question 42

Cell eating (phatty)

Answer 42

Phagocytosis

Question 43

Cell drinking (Pina colada)

Answer 43

Pinocytosis

Question 44

Name of vision receptor

Answer 44

Photoreceptors

Question 45

Location of vision receptor

Answer 45

Retina

Question 46

Which lobe of the brain interprets the vision receptor

Answer 46

Occipital lobe

Question 47

Name of hearing receptor

Answer 47

Mechanoreceptor

Question 48

Location of hearing receptor

Answer 48

Cochlea

Question 49

Which lobe of the brain interprets the hearing receptor

Answer 49

Temporal lobe

Question 50

Name of olfaction receptor

Answer 50

Chemoreceptors

Question 51

Location of olfaction receptor

Answer 51

Olfactory epithelium

Question 52

Which lobe of the brain interprets the olfaction receptor

Answer 52

Temporal lobe

Question 53

Name of the gustation receptor

Answer 53

Chemoreceptor

Question 54

Location of gustation receptor

Answer 54

Tongue, cheeks, palate

Question 55

Which lobe of the brain interprets the gustation receptor

Answer 55

Frontal lobe

Question 56

The lens must change shape to focus on closer objects

Answer 56

Accomodation