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BIOL1170 - Anatomy & Physiology I > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Bone cells situated within cavities known as lacunae

A

Osteocytes

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2
Q

In the periosteum, bone matrix is added to the outside of the diaphysis with

A

Osteoblasts

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3
Q

Bone is added (build bone)

A

Osteoblasts

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4
Q

In the endosteum, bone is removed from the inner surface of the diaphysis with

A

Osteoclasts

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5
Q

Bone is reabsorbed by

A

Osteoclasts

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6
Q

Maintain the extracellular matrix (ECM) & produce the cartilage matrix

A

Chondrocytes

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7
Q

What cartilage covers the external surface of the epiphyses to decrease friction at joint surfaces?

A

Hyaline

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8
Q

Internal callus that contains new blood vessels & spongy bone trabeculae

A

Fibrocartilage

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9
Q

Which cartilage forms splint between broken bone pieces & dead tissue is cleared away?

A

Fibrocartilage

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10
Q

Spongy bone has many open spaces/pockets filled with

A

Red bone marrow

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11
Q

Which bone marrow is in the cavities of spongy bone for hematopoiesis?

A

Red bone marrow

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12
Q

Which bone marrow stores adipose tissue (fat) for life?

A

Yellow bone marrow

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13
Q

Outside covering of the diaphysis

A

Periosteum

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14
Q

Fibrous connective tissue membrane

A

Periosteum

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15
Q

Allows blood vessels & nerves to enter bone

A

Periosteum

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16
Q

Compact bone is surrounded by

A

Periosteum

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17
Q

Visible bone remnant of epiphyseal plate, in adult bones

A

Epiphyseal line

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18
Q

In the epiphysis, there is spongy bone until the

A

Epiphyseal line

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19
Q

Over the frontal bone of the skull (frontal lobe of the brain)

A

Frontalis

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20
Q

Makes a circular orbit around the oral/mouth cavity

A

Orbicularis Oris

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21
Q

Makes a circular orbit around the ocular/eye region

A

Orbicularis Oculi

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22
Q

Shaped like a trapezoid

A

Trapezius

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23
Q

The largest muscle of
the chest

A

Pectoralis Major

24
Q

Has 2 origin points over your arm like a tree branch

A

Biceps Brachii

25
Q

Has 3 origin points
over your arm like a tree branch

A

Triceps Brachii

26
Q

A broad muscle over
the back

A

Latissimus Dorsi

27
Q

Looks like a protruding
“stomach of the leg”

A

Gastrocnemius

28
Q

Shaped like the delta triangle

A

Deltoid

29
Q

Action of the pectoralis major & latissimus dorsi

A

Humerus adduction

30
Q

Action of the biceps brachii

A

Elbow flexion

31
Q

Action of the triceps brachii

A

Elbow extension

32
Q

Action of the quadriceps

A

Knee extension

33
Q

Action of the hamstrings

A

Knee flexion

34
Q

Action of the gastrocnemius

A

Plantar flexion

35
Q

Action of the deltoid

A

Humerus abduction

36
Q

Molecule movement is from high concentration to low concentration, down a concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached

A

Diffusion

37
Q

Simple diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

38
Q

Uses protein embedded in plasma membrane; Movement is from high to low concentration of the substance

A

Facilitated diffusion

39
Q

Amino acids, some sugars, and ions are transported by protein carriers known as solute pumps

A

Active transports

40
Q

Extracellular substances are enclosed (engulfed) in a membranous vesicle; Vesicle detaches from the plasma membrane & moves into the cell; Once in the cell, the vesicle typically fuses with a lysosome

A

Endocytosis

41
Q

Mechanism cells use to actively secrete hormones, mucus, & other products; Material is carried in a membranous sac called a vesicle that migrates to & combines with the plasma membrane; Contents of vesicle are emptied to the outside

A

Exocytosis

42
Q

Cell eating (phatty)

A

Phagocytosis

43
Q

Cell drinking (Pina colada)

A

Pinocytosis

44
Q

Name of vision receptor

A

Photoreceptors

45
Q

Location of vision receptor

A

Retina

46
Q

Which lobe of the brain interprets the vision receptor

A

Occipital lobe

47
Q

Name of hearing receptor

A

Mechanoreceptor

48
Q

Location of hearing receptor

A

Cochlea

49
Q

Which lobe of the brain interprets the hearing receptor

A

Temporal lobe

50
Q

Name of olfaction receptor

A

Chemoreceptors

51
Q

Location of olfaction receptor

A

Olfactory epithelium

52
Q

Which lobe of the brain interprets the olfaction receptor

A

Temporal lobe

53
Q

Name of the gustation receptor

A

Chemoreceptor

54
Q

Location of gustation receptor

A

Tongue, cheeks, palate

55
Q

Which lobe of the brain interprets the gustation receptor

A

Frontal lobe

56
Q

The lens must change shape to focus on closer objects

A

Accomodation

57
Q
A

BIOL1170 - Anatomy & Physiology I (3 decks)

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