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AP 2 > Final Exam Questions > Flashcards

Final Exam Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following proteins is the most abundant in plasma?

a. albumin
b. prothrombin
c. transferrin
d. hemoglobin
e. fibrinogen

A

albumin

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2
Q

the main function of erythrocytes is to__

*on test

A

transport oxygen

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3
Q

A person with type A blood can safely donate RBCs to someone of type _____ and can receive RBCs from someone of type ____

*this is on test

A

AB; O

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4
Q

The number of _____ typically increases in response to bacterial infections

A

neutrophils

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5
Q

when a clot is no longer needed, fibrin is dissolved by

A

plasmin

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6
Q

The plateau in action potential of cardiac muscle results from the action of _____

A

slow Ca2+ channels

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7
Q

the fact that the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that it _____

A

pumps blood against a greater resistance

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8
Q

Select the correct statement about the structure of the heart wall.

a. the heart chambers are lined by endomysium
b. connective tissue in the heart wall aids in the conduction of the action potential
c. fibrous cardiac skeleton forms the bulk of the heart
d. myocardium is the layer of the heart that actually contracts

A

d. myocardium is the layer of the heart that actually contracts

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9
Q

The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute is called the ____

A

cardiac output

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10
Q

where is the vasomotor center located

A

medulla oblongata

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11
Q

what are the most abundant agranulocytes

A

lymphocytes

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12
Q

what is the most abundant extracellular cation

A

Na

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13
Q

inability to expel milk from breasts is due to;

A

low levels of oxytocin

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14
Q

which hormone is important for breast milk synthesis

A

prolactin

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15
Q

where exactly is the embryo’s attachment site

A

endometrium

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16
Q

which statement is NOT correct?

a. testosterone stimulates protein synthesis
b. testosterone stimulates the HPG axis
c. testosterone contributes to male sexual behavior and spermatogenesis
d. testosterone stimulates the male pattern of development

A

b. testosterone stimulates the HPG axis

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17
Q

the product of this gland serves as a lubricant and neutralizes any traces of acidity in urethra

A

bulbo-urethral

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18
Q

true or false: ejaculation is under the parasympathetic system control

A

false

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19
Q

with regard to the blood-testis-barrier, which of the following is true?

a. helps maintain testis temp at 37 degrees C
b. prevents heat loss from testes
c. helps maintain testis temperature at 35 degrees C
d. prevents blood from getting to the testes
e. blocks plasma antibodies to get into germ cells

A

e. blocks plasma antibodies to get into germ cells

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20
Q

which part of the mature sperm cells contain hydrolytic enzymes that help sperm to penetrate the egg

A

head

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21
Q

when do the testes start producing testosterone

A

in the first trimester of fetal development

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22
Q

which hormone promotes the reabsorption of water from the kidneys back into the ecf by osmosis

A

ADH

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23
Q

why are chlorine ions important

A

they are involved in the production of stomach acid

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24
Q

all statements are true for urine EXCEPT:

a. yellow color
b. pH 3.0
c. mild odor
d. translucency

A

B. pH 3.0

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25
Q

place these vessels in the correct order as blood flows into and through the kidney:

  1. afferent arteriole
  2. arcuate artery
  3. efferent arteriole
  4. glomerulus
  5. interlobar artery
  6. cortical radiate artery
  7. renal artery
  8. segmental artery
A

7, 8 , 5, 2 , 6, 1, 4 , 3

  1. renal artery
  2. segmental artery
  3. interlobar artery
  4. arcuate artery
  5. cortical radiate artery
  6. afferent arteriole
  7. glomerulus
  8. efferent arteriole
26
Q

Embryo is considered

Choices include time frames in days and weeks.

A

from day 16 through week 8

27
Q

the energy value of foods is measured in units called ____

A

kilocalories or calories

28
Q

most of the fat in the body is stored in what form

A

triglycerides

29
Q

_____ are short term regulators of appetite , whereas ______ is a long term regulator

Choices include combinations of:
CKK, Insulin,
Leptin, peptide YY

A

peptide YY (PYY) and cholecystokinin (CCK); insulin

30
Q

food that you have swallowed comes in contact with the

Choices include layers of the digestive tract.

A

mucosa

31
Q

the portion of the tooth embedded in the jawbone is the _____

A

root

32
Q

which is the sequence of layers from the lumen to the outer wall of the digestive tract

muscularis externa, mucosa, serosa, submucosa

A

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

33
Q

amylases, the enzymes u sed to digest carbohydrates, are secreted by

A

salivary glands into mouth and the pancreas into the intestine

34
Q

place the following structures of the respiratory tree in the order in which air passes through them.

  1. secondary bronchi
  2. bronchioles
  3. primary bronchi
  4. alveoli
  5. terminal bronchioles
A

3, 1, 2, 5, 4

  1. primary bronchi
  2. secondary bronchi
  3. bronchioles
  4. terminal bronchioles
  5. alveoli
35
Q

the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the cells of peripheral tissues is approximately ____ mm Hg

A

46

36
Q

Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is

A

bound to hemoglobin

37
Q

which of the following would slow down gas exchange between the blood and alveolar air

Choices include increasing:
alveolar surface area,
membrane thickness,
respiratory rate,
Choices include decreasing:
membrane thickness,
nitrogen solubility

A

an increase in membrane thickness

38
Q

in a healthy person, which of the following will have the greatest influences on resistance to pulmonary airflow

A

bronchiole diameter

39
Q

______ are clusters of lymphatic nodules located beneath the epithelial lining of the small intestine

A

peyer’s patches

40
Q

which are NOT antigen presenting cells (APCs):

a. lymphocytes
b. dendritic cells
c. macrophages
d. neutrophils

A

neutrophils

41
Q

which is NOT a characteristic of adaptive immunity:

a. cell-mediated immunity
b. nonspecific immunity
c. humoral immunity
d. acquired immunity

A

nonspecific immunity

42
Q

the cells responsible for the production of circulating antibodies are

A

plasma cells

43
Q

the cells responsible for cell mediated immunity are the

A

t lymphocytes

44
Q

(BLUE)

Name the vessel marked with a question mark

a) inferior mesenteric artery
b) superior mesenteric artery
c) inferior mesenteric vein
d) splenic artery
e) splenic vein
f) superior mesenteric vein

A

c) inferior mesenteric vein

45
Q

Using the figure match the following with a letter: poingt that represents the “dupp” sound made

A

E

46
Q

Using the figure shown match the following with a letter: Pectinate muscles

A

B

47
Q

(RED)

Name the vessel marked with a question mark

a) inferior mesenteric artery
b) Renal artery
c) superior mesenteric vein
d) superior mesenteric artery
e) gonadal artery
f) renal vein

A

a) inferior mesenteric artery

48
Q

What is the specific name of the cell labelled B in the photo?

a) basophil
b) red blood cell
c) neutrophil
d) leukocyte
e) eosinophil
f) monocyte

A

e) eosinophil

49
Q

(RED)

name the vessel marked with a question mark

a) popliteal vein
b) external iliac artery
c) internal iliac artery
d) popliteal artery
e) superior gluteal artery
f) internal iliac vein

A

b) external iliac artery

50
Q

What is the specific name of the cell labelled G?

a) platelet
b) neutrophil
c) eosinophil
d) monocyte
e) leukocyte

f ) basophil

A

b) neutrophil

51
Q

Using the figure match the following with a letter: Atrial depolarization

A

A

52
Q

(BLUE)

name the vessel marked with a question mark in the photo

a) femoral vein
b) great saphernous artery
c) great saphernous vein
d) femoral artery
e) popliteal artery
f) external iliac artery

A

a) femoral vein

53
Q

what is the specific name of the cell labelled F in the photo?

a) neutrophil
b) leukocyte
c) red blood cell
d) eosinophil
e) basophil
f) monocyte

A

a) neutrophil

54
Q

using the figure match the following with a letter: ventricular polarization

A

E

55
Q

(RED)

name the vessel marked with a question mark in the photo

a) inferior mesenteric artery
b) superior mesenteric artery
c) superior mesenteric vein
d) splenic artery
e) inferior phrenic artery
f) hepatic portal artery

A

b) superior mesenteric artery

56
Q

(RED)

name the vessel marked with a question mark

a) subclavian vein
b) common carotid vein
c) internal carotid vein
d) superior vena cava
e) common carotid artery
f) subclavian artery

A

e) common carotid artery

57
Q

use the figure to match the following with a letter: Peritubular capillaries

A

C

58
Q

use the figure to match the following with a letter: proximal tubule

A

B

59
Q
A
60
Q
A

AP 2 (6 decks)

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