FINAL EXAM PART 1

Question 1

Where did social work practice with individuals and families originate?

Answer 1

originated in charity organizations.

people would volunteer with charity organizations to provided one on one support to those living in poverty.

Clinical Social Work
•Case Management
•Service Navigation
•Advocacy

Question 2

What are the components of the social work relationship?

Define them and identify the processes inherent in the social work relationship.

Answer 2

Care and concern
Genuineness
Empathy
Collaboration

hope is a neglected factor

Processes:
1. Client Centered approach: focusing on individual & families and highlighting their active involvement in solutions

2. Self awareness: recognizing biases, and privilege
3. Attunement: paying attention to clients reaction to them and their work together

Question 3

How many phases are involved in the helping process? What are they?

Answer 3

1. Exploration and Assessment
2. Contracting/Planning
3. Implementation/Intervention
4. Ending and Evaluation

Question 4

Describe the importance of self-awareness.

Answer 4

Develop care and concern for families & individuals
identify bias and privelidge

aware of their own reactions, beliefs, and
experiences.

Question 5

What is included within a written assessment?

Answer 5

1. how individuals and families understand their issues
2. what they hope to be different after their social work encounter
3. strengths and limitations

Question 6

Why is it important to clarify the importance of your work with clients?

Answer 6

It is important to clarify the importance of your work with clients as a key element of the Contract/Planning phase of the helping process.

You should review this phase, and have knowledge of the key elements, including purpose, target problems, and goals.

Question 7

What does a genogram identify?

Answer 7

is a visual representation of family
that illustrates a family’s history, structure,
demographics, functioning, and patterns of
relating to one another

Question 8

Define family structure and tracking.

Answer 8

family structure: the way the family is organized including roles family members hold and closeness and distance between members

Tracking: observing patterns of interaction between family members while listening to the issues they are discussing

Question 9

Define task group and treatment group, and provide examples.

Answer 9

Task: a group that focuses on completing a specific assignment or goal for
a clientele, organization or community

• Range from committee work (employees working
together to make recommendations) to action
groups (individuals who come together to
pressure a decision-making body)

Treatment: A group that focuses
primarily on socio-emotive or behavioural
needs of participants

• Range from therapy groups (behaviourally-
oriented eating disorder group) to self-help group
(Alcoholics Anonymous)

Question 10

What social work theories are used with group and community work?

Answer 10

Cognitive Behavioural Theories
•Group interventions engage members’ feedback on other members’
interpretations in order to change and correct faulty thinking so that
one’s behaviour more closely matches the social situation.
•Ecosystems Theories
•Addresses problems of “fit” between group interactions and
individual needs are named and used to enhance group cohesion
and support individual growth.
•Narrative Theories
•Members listen to their own stories as well as the stories of others,
which provides members with the opportunity to address negative or
damaging life stories and collaborate in the stories reconstructions.

Question 11

What is the difference between an open and a closed group?

Answer 11

Open group a group where members can come and
go at any time during the life of the group;
members leave when they feel ready and return if a
need arises

Closed group a group with fixed or closed
membership where membership does not change
during the life of the group

Question 12

What is cohesion and how does it function within a group?

Answer 12

Concept in understanding group dynamics.
Refers to a sense of belonging shared by a group of people who feel accepted by each-other

must be present to engage in therapeutic factors such as creating a trusting environment for members to share freely and give each other constructive feedback

Without cohesion group way disband in achieving its goals

Question 13

What are the modes of community social work practice? Define them.

Answer 13

Locality development: participatory approach. engage variety of community members to plan a interventon that contributes to change

social planning: technical aspects of problem solving. relies on analysis, statistical data to identify community needs

social action: assumes presence of marginalized group and seeks change via programs. Seek to organize change. defend rights

Question 14

Describe the difference between social capital, bonding capital, and bridging
capital.

Answer 14

Social capital: features of social organizations
such as networks, norms, and social trust that facilitate
coordination and cooperation for mutual benefit.

Bonding capital: interactions or
relationships that reinforce a common identity and
exclude outsiders and is likely to be found within families or within members of an immigrant group.

Bridging capital extends across diverse and weakly connected social spheres, such as business associates or friends from different ethnic groups.

Question 15

9. What does group and community work look like with Indigenous Peoples?

Question 16

Outline the stages of group development and the key changes taking place within
each stage.

Answer 16

Stage 1: Forming
• Characteristics of Stage 1: Forming
• Discussion and clarification of group purpose
• Relationship building
• Boundary setting

Stage 2: Storming
• Characteristics of Stage 2: Storming
• Storming (or conflict) is a natural stage in a
groups’ life

Norming
• Characteristics of Stage 3: Norming
• Initial development of group norms such as:
• Active listening to members’ ideas
• Refraining from interrupting
• Agreeing to be open; yet honouring privacy

Stage 4: Performing
• Characteristics of Stage 4: Performing
• Having moved through the storming and
entered norming; the group is now ready to
focus on the work that brought them to the
group

Stage 5: Adjourning
• Characteristics of Stage 5: Termination
• Processing of socio-emotional life of the group
and feelings members may have for one another,
the leader, and the group

Question 17

Who are the Indigenous Peoples outlined by the constitution?

Answer 17

Indigenous Peoples were the original
inhabitants of what the Haudenosaunee
Nation call Turtle Island (also known as
North America)
•Three groups of Indigenous Peoples are:
Indians, Métis and Inuit

Question 18

Define colonization. How does colonization continue to affect Indigenous Peoples
today?

Answer 18

Imposed a White, capitalist, patriarchal
governance structure

taking over sovereignity of another nation

refers to the invasion or taking over sovereignty 
of another nation.
•Indian Act
•Reserve System
•Status/Non-Status registration system based on blood quantum and 
historical policy
•Impact of Colonization:
•Poverty
•High unemployment rate
•Lack of education
•Inadequate or lack of affordable housing
•Dependency on social services

Question 19

What is a worldview and how does it inform social work practice?

Answer 19

A worldview is the lens through which a group of
people sees the world, their values, and their
relationship

Anti-oppressive perspective: oppression
is the cause of social problems, not individual
deficiency
•Postmodern Perspective: reality only
comes into being through how one interprets
the world around them, therefore, there are
many truths!
•Post-colonial/Anti-colonial Theory:
decolonization

Question 20

Describe assimilation and its impact on Indigenous Peoples.

Answer 20

integrating people into a larger group by minimizing or eliminating the differences held by the smaller group
•”Kill the Indian in the child”
•Residential Schools
•60s Scoop

Question 21

What is the difference between status and non-status?

Answer 21

Status/Non-Status registration system based on blood quantum and
historical policy

Question 22

7. What was the “Sixties Scoop”?

Answer 22

removal of a high number of Indigenous children

from their families in the 1960s.

Question 23

Identify acts of resistance taken on by Indigenous Peoples.

Answer 23

Acts of Resistance:
•Idle No More
•Canadian Roots Exchange

Question 24

What are the theoretical frameworks within social work practice that emerged
from Indigenous worldviews?

Answer 24

Indigenous Worldviews
as Theories
•Anti-oppressive perspective: oppression
is the cause of social problems, not individual
deficiency
•Postmodern Perspective: reality only
comes into being through how one interprets
the world around them, therefore, there are
many truths!
•Post-colonial/Anti-colonial Theory:
decolonization

Question 25

Describe resettlement and its impact on migrant groups.

Answer 25

Resettlement refers to the process by
which refugees are given permanent legal
residency in a settlement country

Three categories of permanent residents in 
Canada:
•Economic Immigrant
•Family Class
•Refugee

Question 26

What is included within the family immigration class?

Answer 26

foreign nationals sponsored by close relatives or family members in canada and includes spouses and partners, dependent children, parents and grandparents

Question 27

Define undocumented migrant, refugee claimant, and temporary foreign worker.

Answer 27

•An undocumented migrant is a person who has come to Canada as a visitor, student, or temporary worker, or
refugee claimant and then has continued residence in
Canada after either visa expiration or denial of a refugee
claim

A refugee claimant is a temporary resident in the
humanitarian population category who requests refugee
protection upon or after arrival in Canada but whose claim
has not yet been decided

•A temporary foreign worker is a person hired by a
Canadian employer to fill temporary labour and skill
shortages

Question 28

4. What is the difference between integration and acculturation?

Answer 28

Integration is participation in
economic, social, cultural, and political areas of life of a settlement country while retaining
connections to one’s country of origin

Acculturation refers to a process of
adaptation between two cultures, particularly
how traditions, values, language, and beliefs
change as they come into contact with a new
(usually dominant) culture

Question 29

5. What is the Safe Third Country provision?

Answer 29

he Safe Third Country provision of the 
Immigration and Refugee Protection Act 
forces most refugee claimants who have 
transited through the USA to seek asylum 
there

Question 30

6. Outline the Stages Of Migration Framework.

Answer 30

Prior to leaving the country of origin:

Understanding why migrants left the country of
origin

in Transit/Flight from the country of origin:
Understanding the trajectory (time,
circumstances, temporary resettlement, etc.)

Settlement in a new country:

Understanding issues of settlement, integration,
acculturation, assimilation

Question 31

7. Describe the Live-In-Caregiver Program.

Answer 31

In order to obtain permanent residency and
be able to reunite with their families,
workers in the Live-In Caregiver Program
need the equivalent or 24 – 48 months of
live-in employment

Question 32

8. What are the factors that challenge migrants during settlement?

Answer 32

Goals and expectations
Language proficiency
Education and employment issues
Housing issues
Health issues
Availability of social support