Final Exam - Maternity Flashcards
3 Phases of Abuse
Tension building
Acute battering
Honeymoon
Autosomal recessive
Both parents must have the gene to pass it on
Ex: CF, PKU, sickle cell, Tay-Sachs
Autosomal dominant
One affected parent can pass the mutation on to an offspring
Ex: Huntington’s, Marfan
X-linked recessive
Disorders associated with altered genes on the X chromosome; if a male inherits an X-linked altered gene, he will express the condition because he only has one X chromosome. Females have 50/50 chance because they have 2 X chromosomes that could inherit the disease
Ex: hemophilia, color blindness, Duchenne’s
X-linked dominant
present if heterozygous female carriers demonstrate s/s of the disorder; all daughters and none of the sons of an affected male have the condition, while both male and female offspring of an affected woman have a 50% chance of inheriting and presenting with the condition
Ex: vitamin D-resistant rickets, fragile X syndrome
Risks associated with an amniocentesis
abdominal wall hematoma, needle site discomfort, and miscarriage
Appropriate weight gain for BMI
28-40 lbs
1st trimester: gain at least 5 lbs
2&3 trimester: 1 lb/wk
Appropriate weight gain for BMI 18.5-24.9
25-35 lbs
1st trimester: 3.5-5
2&3 trimester: 1 lb/wk
Appropriate weight gain for BMI 25-29.9
15-25 lbs
1st trimester: 2 lbs
2&3 trimester: 2/3 lb/wk
Appropriate weight gain for BMI 30 or more
11-20 lbs
Minimizing n/v discomforts during pregnancy
- Eat crackers or dry toast 30 minutes to 1 hour before getting out of bed
- Avoid an empty stomach
- Drink fluids in between meals
Minimizing urinary frequency discomforts during pregnancy
- Empty bladder frequently
- Kegel exercises
Minimizing UTIs during pregnancy
Decreased risk with good hygiene, avoid bubble baths, wearing cotton underwear, avoid tight-fitting pants, drink plenty of water
Minimizing heart burn during pregnancy
- Eat small, frequent meals
- Sit up for 30 minutes after meals
Minimizing constipation during pregnancy
- Drink plenty of fluids
- eat diets high in fiber
- exercise regularly
Minimizing hemorrhoid discomforts during pregnancy
- warm sitz baths
- witch hazel pads
- topical ointments
Minimizing backaches during pregnancy
- exercise regularly
- pelvic tilt exercises
- side lying positions
Minimizing shortness of breath during pregnancy
- good posture
- sleep with extra pillows
Minimizing varicose veins and lower extremity edema during pregnancy
- Rest with legs elevated
- avoid constricting clothing
- don’t sit with legs crossed
- sleep in left lateral position
Minimizing gingivitis, nasal stuffiness, and epistaxis during pregnancy
- gently brush teeth
- good dental hygiene
- use humidifier
Minimizing braxton hicks contractions during pregnancy
- change positions
- walking
Minimizing supine hypotension during pregnancy
Lie in side lying or semi sitting position with knees slightly flexed
What are the hallmark symptoms of preeclampsia?
hypertension and proteinuria
Treatment for preeclampsia
- bed rest
- antihypertensives
- mag sulfate
- prepare for delivery
