Final Exam - Labs Flashcards
What can we recommend to a patient that is concerned about getting an accurate BP reading?
- Sitting for 5 min and resting before checking
- Take BP reading at the same time every day
- Don’t chat with others
- Arm at rest, palm upwards
Knowing our general categories of hypertension medication, Nifedipine is a ________.
CCB
According to the blood pressure video, recent national guidelines recommend self-measured blood pressure monitoring and then sharing these results with your healthcare provider team.
TRUE
According to the blood pressure video, it is helpful to remind our patients to bring their home blood pressure machine to all of their appointments.
TRUE
According to the American Heart Association chart of blood pressure categories, we could expect to see a diastolic number around ________ during a hypertensive crisis?
124
Which type of insulin reaches the bloodstream in about 30 minutes after injection, peaks in 2-3 hours, and is effective for 3-6 hours?
Regular (Short-Acting)
If a patient opts for a vial insulin delivery system, what products will they need to successfully deliver their insulin?
Swabs, Syringes, Sharps Container, Needle Tips
Which type of Diabetes will always require insulin?
Type 1
What type of insulin is Toujeo?
Ultra Long-Acting
Insulin are all Schedule I, prescription-only medication.
FALSE
Where is the least painful (and most recommended) area of the body to test blood sugar?
The outside of the fingertips
Lancets are interchangeable and can be used with any lancing device/brand.
FALSE
What does a glucometer test?
The approximate concentration of glucose in the blood
Best practice is to use alcohol swabs before lancing (piercing) the dermis of the skin to obtain a blood sample.
FALSE
If a patient is managing their diabetes with anti-diabetes medication and is at low risk of causing hypoglycemia, how many test strips will Ontario Drug Benefit (ODB) reimburse per year?
200
What should a patient do if they experience symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Eat or drink a fast-acting carb
Which of the following would be considered symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Hunger, Pale, Sweating
Best practice is to start with the highest depth setting on a lancing device to ensure that we obtain a significant amount of blood to apply to a glucometer test strip.
FALSE
“The body overreacts to allergy triggers and releases chemicals to protect itself, which in severe cases can result in life-threatening symptoms” is the definition of:
Anaphylactic Shock
According to the EpiPen.ca website, what medications are the most common causes of medication-related allergic reaction?
Local anesthetics, Sulfa antibiotics, Aspirin and NSAIDs
EpiPens are a Schedule I, prescription-only medication.
FALSE
According to the EpiPen.ca website, what are some severe allergy triggers that may result in anaphylaxis?
Insect Stings, Exercise, Medication, Latex, Food, Unknown
According to the EpiPen.ca website, exercise-induced anaphylaxis is also linked to:
NSAIDS
As an important demonstration start-up, we should always ensure that we are dispensing an EpiPen with a short expiry date.
FALSE
According to the EpiPen.ca website, when should an individual inject an EpiPen?
At the first sign/symptom of a severe allergic response to a known or suspected allergen
According to the EpiPen.ca website, what foods are the most common food allergens in Canada?
Peanuts, Eggs, Milk, Mustard, Soy
Whenever an EpiPen is used, it is best practice that we instruct our patients to call 911.
TRUE
Each foil strip within a diskus inhaler contains how many doses?
60
When beginning a demonstration for an inhalation device it is very important to ask the patient:
Have you used an inhaler before?
Match the following colour of Aerochamber to the applicable age category:
Infant: Orange, Child: Yellow, Adult: Blue
Which of the following statements regarding turbuhalers/diskus devices are TRUE?
Patients should rinse their mouth out after each use if the product contains a corticosteroid
Aerochambers and other spacers:
Can be used on animals, are for young children, enable slow delivery of meds
A second dose of medication can be self-administered right away (without waiting) when using MDI inhalation devices.
FALSE
Which of the following is a leading cause of misuse by patients with respect to inhalation devices?
Forgetting to take off the cap
Which of the following is NOT a dry-powder inhalation device?
MDI
During the demonstration video on How to Use a Metered Dose Inhaler, the steps for successful inhalation are shown.
- Remove Cap
- Shake inhaler
- Breathe Out
- Seal lips around mouthpiece
- Start to breathe in slowly
Patients should be instructed to actuate 2 or more doses into an Aerochamber and then continue to breath in those doses over a prolonged period of time (as long as it takes to inhale the contents of the chamber).
FALSE
If there are still doses left inside of a Spiriva Respimat, should the patient continue to use up what is left before obtaining a refill?
If the device is now beyond the 3 month expiry date, the patient would need to get a new one from the pharmacy (refill).
According to the Warnings and Precautions within the Canadian Monograph of Spiriva Respimat, which of the following should we bring to the attention of our patients just starting out on this medication?
Sensitivity to atropine, urinary retention issues, glaucoma
A Spiriva Respimat is a Schedule I, prescription-only medication.
TRUE
Should Spiriva Respimat be used as a first-line treatment (or “monotherapy”) for asthma?
No, Spiriva Respimat should not be used as a first-line treatment/monotherapy for asthma.
How much active ingredient is delivered in each inhalation/actuation of a Spiriva Respimat?
There is 2.5mcg of medication delivered with each inhalation.
What is the acronym associated with the Spiriva Respimat to help our patients remember the steps to use this device correctly?
TOP
Using the Canadian Monograph of Spiriva Respimat, determine whether or not this medication has been deemed both safe and effective for patients under the age of 18.
Safety and efficacy of Spiriva Respimat in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established.
Can a “spacer” be used with a Respimat in order to assist those who do not have adequate breath control?
Unfortunately no, a spacer is only able to be used with MDIs.
Your training inhalation device has 120 doses, but this is not the same as how many doses are inside an actual Spiriva Respimat inhaler. Use your literature to determine how many doses are inside an actual Spiriva Respimat inhaler.
60 doses
No matter the demonstration, the best method to ensure that your patient understands how to use the device is to:
Teach Back
Working to our full scope of practice (i.e. taking verbal prescription orders) allows our pharmacist ‘counterparts’ to also practice to their full scope of practice.
True
When considering the legal requirements of a verbal prescription, what must we always include?
RPhT signature
When transcribing a prescription for a pediatric patient, we should try and remember to always ask for:
Weight
Physicians must not attempt to influence the patient’s choice of pharmacy unless doing so is in the patient’s best interest and does not create a conflict of interest for the physician.
TRUE
Physicians must ensure that written prescriptions are legible.
True
Which of the following is INCORRECT with respect to considerations made before prescribing?
Consent is implied when the patient books the appointment
Why is it important to ask about the classification (Pr, C, T/C, N) of a medication when taking a verbal order from a prescriber?
To avoid wasting time, to ensure we keep within our scope of practice
According to our guide on taking a verbal prescription, which of the following would be considered a “leading question”?
Asking if the patient has been to our pharmacy before
Verbal orders are a protected act
TRUE
Registered Pharmacy Technicians are NOT able to take verbal orders for the following prescription classifications:
N, T/C, C
Using the chart provided by NAPRA on the scope of practice of a Registered Pharmacy Technician in Canada, which jurisdiction currently does not allow RPhTs to be the transferring member for a prescription?
Manitoba
During our class on Verbal Prescription Orders, Lyona played a scenario video which simulated a call from a prescriber. What mistake did she make?
Drug strength
Where do we complete BPMHs?
Ambulatory clinics, Home care, Hospital admission, Long-term care, Community pharmacy, Transitions in care
As part of our Med Rec/BPMH with a patient, Shirley indicated that we should always remember to ask about Cannabis use, but it can be a tricky discussion to have.
Which of the following question ‘styles’ is both professional andtends to illicit a more truthful response?
“Can you tell me about your cannabis intake?”
Shirley instructed us that when it comes to asking our patients information-gathering questions during Med Rec/BPMH, the best way to phrase our questions would be:
“Tell me how you take this medication.”
After the interactive case study, Shirley highlighted an important component to remember when compiling the patient details during a BPMH:
If an allergy is indicated, we should always ask what reaction the patient has experienced when they have used that particular product
Shirley indicated when performing a transition-in-care Med Rech/BPMH that involves discharge paperwork (particularly in the hospital setting) we should always be cautious of:
Auto-sub medications
Shirley introduced you to Connecting Ontario, which is a tool that captures all prescriptions filled for ODB-covered medications.
The only drawback of this tool is that it does not include frequency/directions of each medication, requiring extra calculations (and investigation) by the pharmacy team when using Connecting Ontario for Med Rec/BPMH.
TRUE
Shirley discussed some helpful tips with respect to dose considerations when completing a BPMH.
Which of the following is correct?
For partial tablets, always record the amount taken in mg (milligrams)
